瘤胃微生物移植及应用研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 反刍动物瘤胃微生物对瘤胃发育、营养物质消化和宿主生理健康有重要意义。瘤胃微生物移植(rumen microbiota transplantation,RMT)是将特定供体的瘤胃微生物及其代谢物移植到受体中,通过操纵瘤胃微生物群落进行菌群重塑或微生物组修复,改善宿主机能状态、生产效率、产品质量等,并可预防或治疗部分胃肠道疾病的措施。本文就RMT的发展历程、应用、安全性及潜在作用机制等进行了综述,重点阐述了RMT在揭示瘤胃微生物组特性或功能、调节宿主新陈代谢、提高生长性能、调控微生物区系平衡、疾病治疗等方面的作用,为RMT的研究与应用提供技术参考。

关键词: 瘤胃微生物移植, 微生物操纵, 菌群重塑, 微生物组修复, 反刍动物, 安全性

Abstract: The microorganisms habituated in rumen are essential for rumen development, nutrient digestion, and host physiological health. Rumen microbiota transplantation (RMT) refers to transplant specific donor rumen microbiota and their metabolites to the recipient for improving host functional status, production efficiency and product quality, and treating some gastrointestinal diseases of ruminants, by remodeling microflora or restoring microbiome. This article reviewed the development history, application, safety and potential mechanism of RMT, and further elaborated the roles of RMT in revealing the characteristics or functions of rumen microbiota, regulating the balance of microflora and host metabolism, improving growth performance, treating disease, which provided references for the research and application of RMT.

Key words: rumen microbiota transplantation, microbiome manipulation, microbiota remodeling, microbiome restoration, ruminants, safety

中图分类号:

S816.3

赵威, Mahmoud M. Abdelsattar, 柴建民, 王昕, 刁其玉, 张乃锋. 瘤胃微生物移植及应用研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(5): 1792-1803.

ZHAO Wei, Mahmoud M. Abdelsattar, CHAI Jianmin, WANG Xin, DIAO Qiyu, ZHANG Naifeng. Research Progress of Rumen Microbiota Transplantation and Its Application[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(5): 1792-1803.

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