孟加拉虎体表不同饱血状态长角血蜱中肠菌群结构的分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.040

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究孟加拉虎体表不同饱血状态长角血蜱雌蜱中肠菌群结构的特点。本研究采集孟加拉虎体表饱血(fully engorged，FF)与半饱血(half engorged，HF)长角血蜱雌蜱，在无菌条件下收集各组蜱中肠内容物，提取各组样本细菌总DNA，PCR扩增16S rRNA V3-V4区，构建文库，Illumina NovaSeq平台双末端测序，测序数据经拼接、过滤、降噪后，进行Amplicon Sequence Variant(ASV)和多样性分析。结果显示，FF、HF获得的有效序列分别为100 021条和82 657条，聚类后FF、HF分别获得ASVs为259、541个，两组样品共有的ASVs为116个。在门水平上，两组样本均以变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门为优势菌门；变形菌门在FF中的含量大于HF，其它三个优势菌门反之。在属水平上，柯克斯氏体属、Muribaculaceae、棒状杆菌属、代尔夫特菌属、葡萄球菌属为FF和HF中的共有优势菌属，其中柯克斯氏体属在两组样本中含量均较高，且在FF中的含量高于HF；FF、HF中特有且相对丰度较高的菌属分别为Schlegelella、普雷沃氏菌属等。在种水平上，两组样本以柯克斯氏体属内共生体含量最高，其在FF和HF中的分布特点与柯克斯氏体属在两组样本中的分布特点相一致。综上，长角血蜱雌蜱中肠微生物菌群结构复杂，不同饱血状态雌蜱中肠菌群结构存在一定差异，且同一菌属相对丰度不同。

关键词: 长角血蜱, 不同饱血状态, 中肠菌群结构, 蜱及蜱传病, 高通量测序

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the microflora structural characteristics of the midgut of different engorged Haemaphysalis longicornis(H. longicornis) females collected from Panthera tigris tigris. Female H. longicornis in fully engorged (FF) and half engorged (HF) were sampled, and midgut contents were collected from each group of ticks under aseptic conditions. Total bacterial DNA was extracted from each group of samples. The V3-V4 areas of 16S rRNA was amplified by PCR, and the libraries were constructed for each group. Paired-end sequencing was performed using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. Sequencing data were processed by merging, filtering, and denoising, followed by Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) clustering and diversity analysis. The results showed that 100 021 and 82 657 effective tags were obtained from FF and HF, respectively. The number of ASVs obtained from FF and HF after clustering was 259 and 541, respectively, of which 116 were common between the two groups. At the phylum level, the dominant common phyla were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota in both groups, with Proteobacteria being more abundant in FF, while the other three dominant phyla were relatively more abundant in HF. At the genus level, the dominant common genera were Coxiella, Muribaculaceae, Corynebacterium, Delftia, and Staphylococcus in both groups. Coxiella had the highest relative abundance, and the relative abundance of Coxiella was higher in FF than in HF. In FF, genera such as Schlegelella were unique and relatively abundant, while in HF, genera such as Prevotella were unique and relatively abundant. At the species level, Coxiella endosymbionts were the most abundant taxa in both groups, with distribution patterns consistent with Coxiella. The results suggested that the midgut of female H. longicornis has a complex microflora. There were certain differences in the midgut microflora of different engorged ticks, and the relative abundance of the same genus varied in different samples.

Key words: Haemaphysalis longicornis, different engorged statuses, midgut microbial community structure, ticks and tick-borne diseases, high-throughput sequencing

中图分类号:

S852.746

刘潇雨, 李勇, 邱启官, 程天印, 段德勇. 孟加拉虎体表不同饱血状态长角血蜱中肠菌群结构的分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(12): 6386-6396.

LIU Xiaoyu, LI Yong, QIU Qiguan, CHENG Tianyin, DUAN Deyong. Analysis of the Midgut Microflora of Different Engorged Haemaphysalis longicornis Collected from Panthera tigris tigris[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(12): 6386-6396.

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