亚洲璃眼蜱吸血期体内菌群动态变化观察

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.039

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 6375-6385.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.039

亚洲璃眼蜱吸血期体内菌群动态变化观察

呼尔查¹^,²^,³(), 杨德鹏¹(), 罗亭祥¹, 李才善¹, 李培英¹, 马祯¹, 杨森¹, 王梅影¹, 巴音查汗·盖力克¹, 郭庆勇¹, 胡政香⁴^,*()

1. 新疆农业大学动物医学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
2. 新疆草食动物新药研究与创制重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052
3. 新疆农业大学兽医学博士后流动站, 乌鲁木齐 830052
4. 新疆农业大学草业学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2025-02-24 出版日期:2025-12-23 发布日期:2025-12-24
通讯作者: 胡政香 E-mail:huercha300@sina.com;1157013944@qq.com;387857216@qq.com
作者简介:呼尔查(1986-)，新疆乌鲁木齐人，博士，主要从事动物寄生虫研究，E-mail：huercha300@sina.com
杨德鹏(1999-)，新疆昌吉人，硕士，主要从事动物寄生虫研究，E-mail：1157013944@qq.com
第一联系人：
呼尔查和杨德鹏为同等贡献作者
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2023A02007-2)；天山英才创新团队项目(2023TSYCTD0008)；自治区高校基本科研业务费科研项目(XJEDU2025Z003)；新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(dxscx2025101)

Observation on the Dynamic Changes of Microbial Community in the Blood-feeding Period of Hyalomma asiaticum

HUERCHA ¹^,²^,³(), YANG Depeng¹(), LUO Tingxiang¹, LI Caishan¹, LI Peiying¹, MA Zhen¹, YANG Sen¹, WANG Meiying¹, BAYINCHAHAN Gailike ¹, GUO Qingyong¹, HU Zhengxiang⁴^,*()

1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Development for Herbivorous Animals, Urumqi 830052, China
3. Postdoctoral Research Station of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
4. College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2025-02-24 Online:2025-12-23 Published:2025-12-24
Contact: HU Zhengxiang E-mail:huercha300@sina.com;1157013944@qq.com;387857216@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究聚焦于亚洲璃眼蜱(Hyalomma asiaticum)雌性成蜱，深入探究其在不同吸血阶段以及完全饱血状态下，体内部分器官的菌群构成情况。通过分析吸血期对菌群丰度差异的影响，旨在获取雌性亚洲璃眼蜱体内菌群变化的关键数据，为相关研究提供数据参考。本研究运用Illumina Novaseq测序平台，针对亚洲璃眼蜱雌性在不同吸血阶段以及完全饱血状态下的多个器官(包括中肠、马氏管、卵巢、唾液腺)，开展16S rRNA V3 - V4区的高通量测序工作。通过对比分析，揭示亚洲璃眼蜱雌性在不同阶段以及完全饱血状态下各器官菌群的动态变化规律。随着亚洲璃眼蜱吸血进程的推进，其菌群多样性Shannon指数呈现出显著降低的趋势，从饥饿期的4.2±0.3下降至饱血期的1.8±0.2 (P < 0.01)。在此过程中，变形菌门(Proteobacteria)逐渐成为绝对优势菌门，其相对丰度超过99%。对完全饱血器官的分析表明，弗朗西斯菌属(Francisella)在饱血卵巢中高度富集，相对丰度高达99.75%，且与中肠中的弗朗西斯菌属存在极显著差异(P < 0.01)。此外，该菌属的丰度随吸血时间呈现出先上升后下降的趋势，具体表现为在吸血24 h时丰度为12.3%，至96 h时达到峰值89.7%，而在完全饱血期则降至75.3%。本研究结果充分揭示了亚洲璃眼蜱雌性在不同吸血阶段以及完全饱血状态下内部器官中菌群的复杂性和多样性特征。这一发现不仅丰富了人们对亚洲璃眼蜱相关菌群的认知，还为进一步深入理解亚洲璃眼蜱体内菌群与宿主之间的互作关系提供了重要的数据基础。

关键词: 亚洲璃眼蜱, 16S rRNA测序, 弗朗西斯菌属, 共生菌

Abstract:

This study focuses on female adult Hyalomma asiaticum, aiming to thoroughly investigate the microbial community composition in certain internal organs during different blood-feeding stages and the fully engorged state. By analyzing the impact of the blood-feeding period on the differences in microbial abundance, the key data on the changes in the microbial community within female H. asiaticum were obtained, which was used to provide a data reference for relevant research. In this study, the Illumina Novaseq sequencing platform was employed to conduct high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA V3 - V4 region in female H. asiaticum at different blood-feeding stages and in multiple organs (including the midgut, Malpighian tubules, ovaries, and salivary glands) of fully engorged female H. asiaticum. Through comparative analysis, the dynamic changes in the microbial communities in female ticks at different stages and in the organs of fully engorged ticks were revealed. As the blood-feeding process of H. asiaticum progressed, the Shannon index of microbial community diversity showed a significant decreasing trend, dropping from 4.2±0.3 in the starved state to 1.8±0.2 in the fully engorged state (P < 0.01). During this process, Proteobacteria gradually became the absolutely dominant phylum, with a relative abundance exceeding 99%. Analysis of the fully engorged organs indicated that Francisella was highly enriched in the engorged ovaries, with a relative abundance as high as 99.75%, and there was an extremely significant difference compared to Francisella in the midgut (P < 0.01). In addition, the abundance of this genus exhibited a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with blood-feeding time. Specifically, the abundance was 12.3% at 24 h of blood-feeding, reached a peak of 89.7% at 96 h, and then decreased to 75.3% in the fully engorged state. The results of this study fully reveal the complexity and diversity of the microbial communities in the internal organs of female H. asiaticum at different blood-feeding stages and in the fully engorged state. This discovery not only enriches our understanding of the microbial communities associated with H. asiaticum but provides an important data foundation for further in-depth comprehension of the interactions between the microbial communities and the host within H. asiaticum adults.

Key words: Hyalomma asiaticum, 16S rRNA sequencing, Francisella, symbiotic bacteria

中图分类号:

S852.746

呼尔查, 杨德鹏, 罗亭祥, 李才善, 李培英, 马祯, 杨森, 王梅影, 巴音查汗·盖力克, 郭庆勇, 胡政香. 亚洲璃眼蜱吸血期体内菌群动态变化观察[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(12): 6375-6385.

HUERCHA , YANG Depeng, LUO Tingxiang, LI Caishan, LI Peiying, MA Zhen, YANG Sen, WANG Meiying, BAYINCHAHAN Gailike , GUO Qingyong, HU Zhengxiang. Observation on the Dynamic Changes of Microbial Community in the Blood-feeding Period of Hyalomma asiaticum[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(12): 6375-6385.

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亚洲璃眼蜱吸血期体内菌群动态变化观察

Observation on the Dynamic Changes of Microbial Community in the Blood-feeding Period of Hyalomma asiaticum

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