地衣芽孢杆菌对大肠杆菌攻毒感染肉鸡免疫、抗氧化性能和肠道健康的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.07.027

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (7): 3344-3356.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.07.027

地衣芽孢杆菌对大肠杆菌攻毒感染肉鸡免疫、抗氧化性能和肠道健康的影响

彭文文¹(), 张美婷¹, 徐灏铖¹, 徐保阳¹, 张玲玲², 杨彩梅¹^,*()

1. 浙江农林大学动物科技学院 ·动物医学院浙江省畜禽绿色生态健康养殖应用技术研究重点实验室动物健康互联网检测技术浙江省工程实验室，杭州 311300
2. 惠嘉绿色动物保健品重点农业企业研究院浙江惠嘉生物科技股份有限公司，安吉 313300

收稿日期:2024-07-29 出版日期:2025-07-23 发布日期:2025-07-25
通讯作者: 杨彩梅 E-mail:pwenwen2022@163.com;yangcaimei2012@163.com
作者简介:彭文文(1997-)，女，江西兴国人，硕士生，主要从事动物营养和饲料科学研究，E-mail：pwenwen2022@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省重点农业企业研究院(2021Y30004)；浙江省省级重点农业企业研究院项目-植物源饲料添加剂的高级利用技术研究与产业化(2022C02059)；中国博士后科学基金项目(2023M743107)

Effects of Bacillus licheniformis on Immunity, Antioxidant Performance and Intestinal Health of Broiler Chickens Challenged by Escherichia coli

PENG Wenwen¹(), ZHANG Meiting¹, XU Haocheng¹, XU Baoyang¹, ZHANG Lingling², YANG Caimei¹^,*()

1. Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Vegamax Green Animal Health Products Key Agricultural Enterprise Research Institute, Anji 313300, China

Received:2024-07-29 Online:2025-07-23 Published:2025-07-25
Contact: YANG Caimei E-mail:pwenwen2022@163.com;yangcaimei2012@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究饲粮添加地衣芽孢杆菌对大肠杆菌E22攻毒感染肉鸡免疫应答功能、抗氧化性能以及盲肠短链脂肪酸含量和微生物区系的影响。本试验选择360只1d雄性黄羽肉鸡，随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复15只肉鸡，试验周期为28 d。对照组(CON)饲喂基础饲粮+灌服空白LB培养基；BL组，饲喂基础饲粮+地衣芽孢杆菌；E22组，饲喂基础饲粮+灌服大肠杆菌E22菌液；BL+E22组，饲喂基础饲粮+地衣芽孢杆菌+灌服大肠杆菌E22菌液。结果表明：1)相比与对照组，饲粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌(BL组)显著提高了肉鸡肝脏的器官指数、血清中IgG、IgY、IgM和抗炎因子IL-10的水平(P < 0.05)，显著降低了肉鸡血清中促炎因子TNF-α的水平(P < 0.05)；同时，与E22组相比，BL+E22组显著升高了肉鸡胸腺的器官指数、IgG、IgY、IgM水平，显著降低了炎症因子IL-1β和TNF-α水平(P < 0.05)。2)与对照组相比，BL组显著提高了肉鸡血清SOD和GSH-P_X的活性(P < 0.05)，显著降低了MDA活性(P < 0.05)。与E22组相比，BL+E22组显著升高了肉鸡血清中GSH-Px活性，显著降低了肉鸡血清中MDA含量(P < 0.05)。3)与对照组相比，BL组显著增加了肉鸡盲肠内容物乙酸的含量(P < 0.05)，显著降低了异丁酸和异戊酸的含量(P < 0.05)。与E22组相比，BL+E22组显著升高了乙酸、丙酸含量(P < 0.05)。4)16SrRNA基因测序显示，BL组显著增加了Barnesiella_viscericola、unclassified_g__Barnesiella的相对丰度(P < 0.05)。综上所述，饲粮添加地衣芽孢杆菌能够提高肉鸡免疫力、抗氧化能力以及盲肠SCFAs含量，提高盲肠微生物种群的多样性。同时，饲粮中地衣芽孢杆菌可以在一定程度上缓解由大肠杆菌感染引起的炎症、氧化应激反应和肠道菌群紊乱。

关键词: 地衣芽孢杆菌, 黄羽肉鸡, 大肠杆菌, 炎症, 抗氧化, 肠道健康

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus licheniformis on the immune response function, antioxidant capacity, cecal short-chain fatty acid content and microflora of E22-challenged broilers. In this experiment, 360 1-day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 6 replicates in each group, and 15 broilers in each replicate, and the experimental period was 28 days. The control group (CON) was fed basal diet+perfusion with blank LB medium. In the BL group, broilers were fed basal diet+Bacillus licheniformis; E22 group, they were fed basal diet+E. coli E22 bacterial solution; BL+E22 group was fed with basal diet+Bacillus licheniformis+E. coli E22 solution. The results showed that: 1)compared with the control group, the addition of Bacillus licheniformis (BL group) to the feed significantly increased the organ index of broiler liver, the levels of IgG, IgY, IgM and anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in serum (P < 0.05), and significantly reduced the level of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α in broiler serum (P < 0.05); Meanwhile, compared with the E22 group, the BL+E22 group significantly increased the organ index of broiler thymus, IgG, IgY, and IgM levels, and significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α (P < 0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the BL group significantly increased the activities of serum SOD and GSH-PX in broiler chickens (P < 0.05), and significantly reduced the content of MDA (P < 0.05). Compared with the E22 group, the BL+E22 group significantly increased the activity of GSH-Px in broiler serum and significantly decreased the activity of MDA in broiler serum (P < 0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, the BL group significantly increased the content of acetic acid in the cecal contents of broiler chickens (P < 0.05), and significantly decreased the content of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid (P < 0.05). Compared with the E22 group, the BL+E22 group significantly increased the content of acetic acid and propionic acid (P < 0.05). 4) 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the BL group significantly increased the relative abundance of Barnesiella_viscericola and unclassifiedd_g__Barnesiella (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of Bacillus licheniformis to the diet could improve the immunity, antioxidant capacity and cecal SCFAs content of broilers, and improve the diversity of cecal microbial populations. At the same time, Bacillus licheniformis in the diet can alleviate the inflammation, oxidative stress response and intestinal flora disorder caused by E. coli infection to a certain extent.

Key words: Bacillus licheniformis, yellow-feathered broilers, Escherichia coli, inflammation, antioxidant, gut health

中图分类号:

S831.5

彭文文, 张美婷, 徐灏铖, 徐保阳, 张玲玲, 杨彩梅. 地衣芽孢杆菌对大肠杆菌攻毒感染肉鸡免疫、抗氧化性能和肠道健康的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(7): 3344-3356.

PENG Wenwen, ZHANG Meiting, XU Haocheng, XU Baoyang, ZHANG Lingling, YANG Caimei. Effects of Bacillus licheniformis on Immunity, Antioxidant Performance and Intestinal Health of Broiler Chickens Challenged by Escherichia coli[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(7): 3344-3356.

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原料 Ingredient	含量 Content	营养水平²⁾ Nutrient level	含量 Content
玉米 Corn	52.00	代谢能/(MJ·kg^－1)ME	12.76
豆粕 Soybeanmeal	24.70	粗蛋白 CP	21
膨化大豆 Extrudedsoybean	6.00	赖氨酸 Lys	1.25
DDGS(玉米)	4.00	蛋氨酸 Met	0.55
豆油 Soybean oil	3.50	蛋胱氨酸 Met+Cys	0.89
发酵豆粕 Fermented soybean meal	2.50	苏氨酸 Thr	0.92
玉米蛋白粉 Corn gluten meal	2.00	色氨酸 Try	0.23
石粉 Limestone	1.30	钙 Ca	0.86
食盐 NaCl	0.25	总磷 TP	0.59
磷酸氢钙 CaHPO₄	1.50
沸石粉 Zeolite	0.50
70赖氨酸 Bio-Lys 70	0.44
98蛋氨酸 DL-Methionine 98	0.23
98苏氨酸 Threonine 98	0.14
维生素矿物质预混料¹⁾Vitamin-mineral premix	0.94
合计 Total	100.00

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地衣芽孢杆菌对大肠杆菌攻毒感染肉鸡免疫、抗氧化性能和肠道健康的影响

Effects of Bacillus licheniformis on Immunity, Antioxidant Performance and Intestinal Health of Broiler Chickens Challenged by Escherichia coli

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