Hedgehog信号通路在动物卵巢卵泡发育和类固醇生成中的调控作用

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.03.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Hedgehog(HH)信号通路是参与胚胎形成的关键途径之一，它在从果蝇到人类的进化过程中广泛分布且保持高度保守性，对多种器官的发育起到了至关重要的作用。研究指出，HH信号通路在卵巢卵泡的生长、颗粒细胞的增殖、卵母细胞的成熟、类固醇激素的合成以及排卵过程中扮演着重要的调节角色。本文基于现有研究成果，详细回顾了HH信号通路在卵巢卵泡生长、卵母细胞成熟、排卵以及类固醇激素合成中的调控功能，并概述了由于HH信号通路异常导致生殖能力下降的几种卵巢疾病的最新研究动态，旨在为提升雌性繁殖能力及卵巢疾病的治疗提供理论支持。

关键词: Hedgehog信号通路, 卵巢, 生殖能力, 卵泡发育, 类固醇生成

Abstract:

The Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is one of the key pathways involved in embryogenesis, widely distributed and highly conserved throughout the evolutionary process from fruit flies to humans, playing a crucial role in the development of various organs. Studies have indicated that the HH signaling pathway plays an important regulatory role in the growth of ovarian follicles, proliferation of granulosa cells, maturation of oocytes, synthesis of steroid hormones, and process of ovulation. Based on the existing research findings, this article provides a detailed review of the regulatory functions of the HH signaling pathway in the growth of ovarian follicles, maturation of oocytes, ovulation, and synthesis of steroid hormones, as well as an overview of the latest research trends on several ovarian diseases that lead to a decline in fertility due to abnormalities in the HH signaling pathway, aiming to provide theoretical support for enhancing female reproductive capacity and the treatment of ovarian diseases.

Key words: Hedgehog signaling pathway, ovary, fertility, follicle development, steroidogenesis

中图分类号:

灭列·马达尼牙提, 孙萌, 褚瑰燕. Hedgehog信号通路在动物卵巢卵泡发育和类固醇生成中的调控作用[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(3): 969-978.

MIELIE·Madaniyati , SUN Meng, CHU Guiyan. The Regulatory Function of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Follicle Development and Steroidogenesis of Animal Ovary[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(3): 969-978.

图/表 3

图 1

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卵巢生理 Ovarian physiology	作用 Function	参考文献 Reference
卵泡发育 Follicular development	HH信号通路通过调控GCs和卵母细胞之间的双向信号传导及靶基因的表达，促进卵泡细胞的增殖与分泌，维持卵泡储备，促进卵泡生长	[1, 19-23]
卵母细胞成熟 Oocyte maturation	HH信号通路通过调控卵泡干细胞的自噬和死亡，调节卵母细胞相关基因及表达，并与外源因子(如褪黑素、黄芩苷等)产生互作，降低氧化应激，促进卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育	[24-32]
排卵 Ovulation	HH信号通过调控卵巢细胞充分分化，增强GCs对LH的反应性及与IGF系统的相互作用, 促进排卵及黄体形成	[5, 20-21, 33-34]
类固醇激素合成 Steroid hormone synthesis	HH信号的激活通过上调类固醇生成酶的表达诱导胆固醇转化为类固醇激素	[4, 12, 19, [35-36]

卵巢病理 Ovarian pathology	作用 Function	参考文献 Reference
多囊卵巢综合征 Polycystic ovarian syndrome	HH信号的异常激活可能通过调节颗粒细胞氧化应激和凋亡及其与代谢紊乱的关系促进PCOS的发生	[38-40]
卵巢早衰和卵巢功能不全Premature ovarian failure and ovarian insufficiency	HH信号通过调节卵泡发育，缓解氧化应激，增加原始卵泡数量以及促进FGSCs增殖和干性，调节卵母细胞质量和延缓生殖衰退速度	[23, 47-48]
卵巢癌 Carcinoma of ovary	HH信号通路通过DNA损伤修复、DNA甲基化和上皮-间质转化诱导耐药，抑制卵巢癌细胞的生长，并在体内抑制肿瘤的生长	[50-60]

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