动物肠类器官应用进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.12.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来，多种家畜和伴侣动物的肠类器官培养方法已被建立。肠类器官具有肠道上皮的结构和功能，是介于稳定细胞系和动物模型之间的一种体外模型。目前，动物肠类器官可用于研究肠道疾病发病机制与治疗方法，还能用于探究宿主-病原体的相互作用。在肠道营养学与肠道免疫学的研究中，肠类器官可用于提高饲料利用率、寻找适合添加剂，提高动物性能。此外，动物肠类器官在人转化医学与再生医学领域具有巨大发展潜力。本文综述了近5年来动物肠类器官的主要应用，并对其未来的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 动物, 肠类器官, 应用

Abstract:

Multiple methods for culturing intestinal organoids from domestic animals and companion animals have been established recently. Intestinal organoids exemplify the structures and functions of intestinal epithelium, being an in vitro model somewhere in between stable cell lines and animal models. Currently, animal intestinal organoids can be applied to research on the pathogenesis and treatment of intestinal diseases, as well as to explore host-pathogen interactions. In the study of enteral nutrition and enteral immunology, intestinal organoids can be used to improve feed utilization, screen suitable additives, and promote animal performance. In addition, animal intestinal organoids have great potential in the field of human translational medicine and regenerative medicine. In this paper, the main applications of animal intestinal organoids in the past five years were reviewed, and the future research directions were prospected.

Key words: animal, intestinal organoid, application

中图分类号:

Q813.11

黄德如, 常宜睿, 丁梓妍, 张雅珊, 陈奡蕾. 动物肠类器官应用进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(12): 5431-5439.

HUANG Deru, CHANG Yirui, DING Ziyan, ZHANG Yashan, CHEN Aolei. Progress on Application of Animal Intestinal Organoids[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(12): 5431-5439.

图/表 1

表 1

用于宿主与病原体相互作用研究的动物肠类器官汇总"

类器官的动物来源 Animal sources of organoids	研究内容 Research contents	参考文献 References
鼠、人、猪、鸡 Mouse，human，pig，chicken	建立鼠、人、猪、鸡的极化单层肠类器官后，用弓形虫感染各类器官，比较弓形虫-宿主相互作用	Holthaus等^[36](2021)
牛、猪 Cow，pig	从牛和猪空肠中分离肠隐窝，培养获得肠类器官；刚地弓形虫和鼠伤寒沙门菌成功感染肠类器官	Derricott等^[26](2019)
猪 Pig	从十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肠隐窝干细胞中生成了猪肠类器官，该类器官可受PEDV感染	Li等^[28](2019)
猪 Pig	开发了一种猪顶端上皮朝外的肠类器官培养系统；该肠类器官可受TGEV感染	Li等^[31](2020)
猪 Pig	从十二指肠、空肠和回肠的隐窝干细胞中生成了猪肠类器官；猪三角洲冠状病毒(PDcoV)可在该肠类器官中复制	Luo等^[37](2020)
猪 Pig	从猪的空肠中分离并建立了猪肠类器官；哺乳动物正呼肠孤病毒3型(MRV3)可感染该猪肠类器官且能够在该类器官中复制	Lee等^[38](2023)
猪 Pig	用C组轮状病毒(RVC)感染猪肠类器官与类器官衍生的单层细胞，探究胆固醇和唾液酸在RVC复制中的作用	Guo等^[39](2022)
猪 Pig	构建了仔猪肠道类器官的PEDV感染模型，发现源自牛奶的细胞外囊泡(msEVs)抑制了PEDV感染	Liang等^[40](2023)
猪 Pig	用产肠毒素大肠杆菌(ETEC)感染猪肠类器官和单层猪肠类器官，观察肠类器官对ETEC的反应	Vermeire等^[41](2021)
牛 Cow	用A组轮状病毒感染牛肠类器官，研究其感染肠道的机制	Alfajaro等^[42](2019)
兔 Rabbit	成功培养出兔小肠类器官和类器官衍生的细胞单层；用兔杯状病毒Australia-1感染兔类器官，但没有检测到该病毒的复制	Kardia等^[43](2021)
猫 Cat	成功分离、培养和传代猫回肠和结肠类器官；其中结肠类器官能够被猫肠道冠状病毒(FECV)轻度感染	Tekes等^[44](2020)
犬 Dog	建立犬肠类器官后，使用蛔虫线虫的外泌体样囊泡(EV)对其进行感染，发现EV通过上皮细胞转运到肠腔中	Chandra等^[16](2019)

表 1

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