日粮能量水平对湖羊瘤胃发酵特性和微生物组成的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.09.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在探究不同能量水平对湖羊瘤胃发酵特性和微生物组成的影响。选取湖羊公羊48只（体重为（17.77±1.15） kg）随机分为2组：1）对照组（C组），代谢能ME=8.83 MJ·kg^-1；2）高能组（H组），ME=10.84 MJ·kg^-1。每组6个重复，每个重复4只羊。试验期105 d，其中预试期15 d，正试期90 d。试验结束后，采集瘤胃液测定瘤胃发酵参数，同时对微生物细菌V3-V4区进行16S rRNA高通量测序以检测瘤胃微生物组成。结果显示：1） H组和C组在瘤胃pH、总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸及乙丙比、氨态氮和微生物菌体蛋白浓度差异均不显著（P>0.05）；2）物种多样性结果显示，H组的Chao 1、Observed species、PD whole tree和Shannon指数均显著低于C组（P<0.05）；3）物种注释发现，拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）和厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）占比最高，但两者的相对丰度在H组和C组间差异均不显著（P>0.05），H组的瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）和厌氧弧菌属（Anaerovibrio）相对丰度均显著高于C组（P<0.05）。在本试验条件下，提高日粮能量水平对瘤胃发酵特性影响不显著，但是会降低瘤胃微生物的丰富度和均匀度，并改变部分菌属的相对丰度。

关键词: 湖羊, 能量水平, 瘤胃发酵特性, 瘤胃微生物组成

Abstract: This experiment aimed to explore the effects of dietary energy level on rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial composition of Hu Sheep. Forty-eight Hu sheep (body weight (17.77±1.15) kg) were randomly divided into two groups:1) Control group (C group), metabolizable energy (ME)=8.83 MJ·kg^-1; 2) High energy group (H group), ME=10.84 MJ·kg^-1, with 6 replicates per group and 4 sheep in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 105 days, including 15 days of pre-experiment and 90 days of formal experiment. At the end of experiment, rumen fluid was collected to determine rumen fermentation characteristics, and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was performed on V3-V4 region of microbial bacteria to detect rumen microbial composition. Results were showed as follows:1) There were no significant differences in rumen pH, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, isovalerate, valerate, acetate to propionate ratio, ammonia nitrogen, and microbial crude protein concentrations between H and C groups (P>0.05); 2) Alpha diversity showed that Chao 1, Observed species, PD whole tree, and Shannon index were lower in H group than those in C group (P<0.05); 3) Taxonomic annotations showed that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes accounted for the highest proportion, whereas no significant differences were observed between H and C groups regarding these two phyla (P>0.05). The relative abundances of Ruminococcus and Anaerovibrio were higher in H group than those in C group (P<0.05). These results indicate that under the condition of the current experiment, the increased dietary energy level did not alter rumen fermentation characteristics significantly, but reduced the richness and evenness of rumen bacteria, as well as variations in relative abundances of some bacteria.

Key words: Hu sheep, energy level, rumen fermentation characteristics, rumen microbial composition

中图分类号:

S826.41

韦肖, 张建童, 龙唐晖, 李开嵘, 李艳娇, 欧阳克蕙, 邱清华. 日粮能量水平对湖羊瘤胃发酵特性和微生物组成的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(9): 3042-3051.

WEI Xiao, ZHANG Jiantong, LONG Tanghui, LI Kairong, LI Yanjiao, OUYANG Kehui, QIU Qinghua. Effects of Dietary Energy Level on Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Microbial Composition of Hu Sheep[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(9): 3042-3051.

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