驴肌内脂肪沉积关键调控因子研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在基于转录组（RNA-Seq）和代谢组（UPLC-MS/MS）关联分析，筛选驴肌内脂肪沉积的关键调控因子。本研究选用饲养条件相同、平均体重为236.10 kg的雌性广灵驴30头，对其背最长肌进行肌内脂肪（IMF）含量的测定，选择年龄一致的驴，并根据其IMF含量的高低分为两组：低肌内脂肪组（L组，每组3头）与高肌内脂肪组（H组，每组3头），进行转录组学和代谢组学测序分析，对差异表达基因（DEGs）和差异代谢物（DAMs）进行KEGG关联分析和相关性分析，并构建相关性网络图。结果表明，在L组和H组之间共鉴定出72种差异代谢物，其中27种代谢物上调，45种代谢物下调；关联分析表明，在差异表达基因和差异代谢物之间共有35条共富集通路，其中甘油脂代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、亚油酸代谢和不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成5条通路与IMF沉积相关，有8个差异表达基因和15种差异代谢物在这5条通路中富集，包括DGKA、DGAT2、PLA2G3、GPCPD1和SCD等差异表达基因以及甘油-3-磷酸（glycerol-3-phosphate，G3P）、溶血卵磷脂酸16：0（lysophosphatidic acid，LPA）、溶血卵磷脂酰胆碱16：0（lysophosphatidylcholine，LPC）、二十二碳六烯酸（docosahexaenoic acid，DHA）和花生四烯酸（arachidonic acid，AA）等差异代谢物。另外，通过网络图分析发现，甘油脂代谢通路和甘油磷脂代谢通路中的DGAT2、PLA2G3、GPCPD1和DGKA基因与它们相应的代谢产物具有高度相关性。本研究所鉴定差异表达基因可作为IMF沉积相关的潜在候选基因，为今后进一步探究驴IMF沉积的分子调控机制和驴的肉品质分子育种提供理论依据。

关键词: 广灵驴, 肌内脂肪沉积, 转录组, 代谢组, 关联分析

Abstract: The aim of this study was to screen the key regulatory factors of intramuscular fat deposition in donkey based on transcriptome (RNA-Seq) and metabolome (UPLC-MS/MS) association analysis. Thirty female Guangling donkeys with the same feeding condition and average body weight of 236.10 kg were selected to detect the content of intramuscular fat (IMF) in the longi-ssimus dorsi. According to the level of IMF content, the donkeys were divided into two groups: the low-IMF group (L group, n=3) and the high-IMF group (H group, n=3), the transcriptomics and metabolomics sequencing analysis were performed. KEGG association analysis and correlation analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential metabolites (DAMs) were carried out, and the correlation network was constructed. The results showed that a total of 72 differential metabolites were identified between L group and H group, of which 27 metabolites were up-regulated and 45 metabolites were down-regulated. Correlation analysis showed that a total of 35 co-enriched pathways were identified between DEGs and DAMs, among them, glycerolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathways were associated with the IMF deposition. A total of 8 DEGs and 15 DAMs were enriched in the 5 pathways, including DGKA, DGAT2, PLA2G3, GPCPD1 and SCD, as well as the DAMs such as glycerol-3-phosphate(G3P), lysophosphatidic acid(LPA), lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC), docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) and arachidonic acid(AA). In addition, the DGAT2, PLA2G3, GPCPD1 and DGKA genes in the glycerolipid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways were found to be highly correlated with their corresponding metabolites by network map analysis. DEGs identified in this study might be potential candidate genes related to IMF deposition, which would provide a theoretical basis for further research on the molecular regulation mechanism of IMF deposition and molecular breeding for meat quality of donkey.

Key words: Guangling donkey, intramuscular fat deposition, transcriptome, metabolome, association analysis

中图分类号:

S822.2

李武峰, 孙瑜彤, 关家伟, 赵婧微, 杜敏. 驴肌内脂肪沉积关键调控因子研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(2): 364-375.

LI Wufeng, SUN Yutong, GUAN Jiawei, ZHAO Jingwei, DU Min. Key Regulatory Factors of Intramuscular Fat Deposition in Donkey[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(2): 364-375.

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