鸡FGF6基因生物学特性及其多态性与经济性状的关联分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.04.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究鸡成纤维细胞生长因子6(fibroblast growth factor 6, FGF6)基因的生物学特性，挖掘FGF6基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点并分析其与经济性状的相关性，为后续研究鸡FGF6基因对生长性状的影响提供参考。本研究对FGF6蛋白序列进行生物信息学分析；基于768只固始鸡-安卡鸡F₂资源群的GBS数据及相关经济性状表型数据对FGF6基因包含启动子2 kb区域SNP位点进行筛选，并进行连锁不平衡和关联分析，探究FGF6基因SNP和单倍型与鸡经济性状的相关性。生物信息学分析结果显示，鸡FGF6氨基酸序列与火鸡同源性为91.26%；系统进化分析表明，鸡FGF6与火鸡亲缘关系最近，其次是绿海龟，与斑马鱼遗传距离最远；保守性分析显示不同物种间FGF6保守性较高。鸡FGF6蛋白为亲水性蛋白、存在1个跨膜区，主要定位于细胞质；其二级、三级结构相符。鸡FGF6蛋白被22个磷酸化位点和1个N-糖基化位点修饰；与其受体家族FGFR1~4和EGF存在互作关系。鸡FGF6基因启动子区域筛选到6个SNPs位点，均位于1号内含子上；多态性分析显示6个SNPs位点存在高多态性，其中5个处于哈代-温伯格平衡，呈强连锁状态(D′=1，r²=1)。关联分析结果显示，rs73399071位点与F₂资源群不同阶段体重(BW)、胫长(SL)、胫围(SG)、体斜长(BSL)等17个生长性状指标显著相关(P＜0.05)，与全净膛重(EW)、半净膛重(SEW)、屠体重(CW)、胸肌重(BMW)等10个屠体性状指标显著相关(P＜0.05)，与肉质性状的关联未达到显著水平(P＞0.05)，与高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和胆碱酯酶(ChE)显著相关(P＜0.05)，CC基因型个体的大部分性状表型均值高于GG基因型个体；单倍型组合分析显示不同阶段CCTTCCTTCC组合个体的体重均高于其他单倍型组合个体。本研究结果为进一步探究鸡FGF6基因的功能提供理论参考，筛选到FGF6基因存在5个与固始鸡-安卡鸡F₂资源群体重、体尺、屠体性状和血液生化指标显著关联的SNPs位点，为鸡育种提供候选的分子标记，为地方鸡标记辅助选择提供新的思路。

关键词: 鸡, FGF6基因, 生物信息学分析, 连锁不平衡分析, 单倍型, 经济性状, 关联分析

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the biological characteristics of chicken fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF6) gene, excavate the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site located in FGF6 gene and analyze its correlation with chicken economic traits, and provide reference for the subsequent research on the effect of FGF6 gene on growth traits in chickens. Bioinformatics analysis was performed for FGF6 protein sequences. Based on the GBS data and phenotypic data of 768 individuals from Gushi-Anka chicken F₂ resource population, the SNP in the FGF6 gene including the promoter 2 kb region were screened, linkage disequilibrium and association analysis were conducted to explore the correlation of SNP and haplotype of FGF6 gene with economic traits of chickens. The results showed that the amino acid sequence of chicken FGF6 was 91.26% homologous to turkey; phylogenetic analysis showed that chicken was the most closely related to turkey, followed by green sea turtle, and had the greatest genetic distance from zebrafish. Conservative analysis showed that FGF6 was highly conservative among different species. Chicken FGF6 was a hydrophilic protein with one transmembrane region, and mainly localized in the cytoplasm. Its secondary and tertiary structures were consistent. Chicken FGF6 protein was modified by 22 phosphorylation sites and 1 N-glycosylation site, and potentially interacted with 5 proteins of its receptor family, FGFR1-4 and EGF. Six SNPs sites were screened in the promoter region of chicken FGF6, all of which were located in intron 1. Polymorphism analysis showed that the 6 SNPs sites had high polymorphic, and 5 of them were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and strongly interlinked (D′=1, r²=1). The results of association analysis showed that rs73399071 was significantly correlated with 17 growth traits including body weight (BW), shank length (SL), shank girth (SG), and body slanting length (BSL), etc. at different stages of F₂ resource population (P < 0.05), and 10 carcass traits such as evisceration weight (EW), semi-evisceration weight (SEW), carcass weight (CW), and breast muscle weight (BMW), etc. (P < 0.05). The rs73399071 was not significantly correlated with meat quality traits (P>0.05), and significantly correlated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and choline esterase (ChE) (P < 0.05). The phenotype average values of most traits in CC genotype individuals were higher than those of GG genotype individuals. Haplotype combination analysis showed that body weights of individuals carrying with CCTTCCTTCC combinations at different stages were higher than those of other haplotype combinations. The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for further exploring the function of FGF6 gene in chickens. Five SNP sites in FGF6 gene were found to be significantly associated with body weight, body size, carcass traits and blood biochemical indexes of Gushi-Anka chicken F₂ resource population, providing candidate molecular markers for chicken breeding and a new idea for marker assisted selection in chicken.

Key words: chicken, FGF6 gene, bioinformatics analysis, linkage disequilibrium analysis, haplotype, economic traits, association analysis

中图分类号:

S831.2

曹玉珠, 邢雨欣, 马乘霖, 管宏波, 贾其辉, 康相涛, 田亚东, 李转见, 刘小军, 李红. 鸡FGF6基因生物学特性及其多态性与经济性状的关联分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(4): 1536-1550.

CAO Yuzhu, XING Yuxin, MA Chenglin, GUAN Hongbo, JIA Qihui, KANG Xiangtao, TIAN Yadong, LI Zhuanjian, LIU Xiaojun, LI Hong. Biological Characterization of Chicken FGF6 Gene and Association of Its Polymorphisms with Economic Traits[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(4): 1536-1550.

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