不同生长速度阿勒泰羊肠道菌群差异性研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2020.09.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文通过研究同一饲喂条件下，不同生长速度的阿勒泰羊肠道菌群差异，以及通过日粮影响生长速度后，肠道菌群物种组成的变化，旨在探讨肠道菌群与绵羊生长发育之间的关系。在300只6月龄羔羊中，按照日增重前10%和后10%筛选生长快和生长慢的雄性阿勒泰羊，分为高体重组和低体重组，高体重组随机选12只分为高体重能量日粮限饲组（HR）和高体重标准日粮对照组（HC），低体重组随机选12只分为低体重能量日粮增加组（LA）和低体重标准日粮对照组（LC），每组各6只。HR、HC、LC和LA组分别饲喂能量摄入为营养需要量75%、100%、100%和125%的日粮。预试期7 d，正试期30 d，记录体重，屠宰并采集相同部位的肠内容物，提取DNA，使用Illumina Miseq测序平台进行检测。研究结果显示，同一饲喂标准下，不同生长速度阿勒泰羊肠道菌群组成有差异，HC组厚壁菌门、放线菌门、Saccharibacteria门、疣微菌门和双歧杆菌属菌群丰度高于LC组，LC组变形菌门和拟乳菌属丰度高于HC组；在日粮调控生长速度的试验中，低能量水平日粮显著降低了高体重组体增重（P<0.05）；高能量水平日粮增加了低体重组的体增重（P<0.05）；不论促进或是抑制生长速度，肠道中厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的物种丰度均升高，高丰度的Saccharibacteria门始终存在生长速度较快的组中，高丰度的拟乳菌属始终存在于生长速度较慢的组中。综合分析两部分试验结果可知，阿勒泰羊肠道中厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的物种丰度变化可能与日粮和生长速度均有相关性，Saccharibacteria门的物种丰度变化与生长速度呈正相关，拟乳菌属的物种丰度变化与生长速度呈负相关。

关键词: 阿勒泰羊, 肠道菌群, 生长速度, 差异

Abstract: In this study, in order to explore the relationship between intestinal microbiota and sheep growth and development, the differences between the intestinal microbiota of Altay sheep with different growth rates under the same feeding conditions and changes in intestinal microbiota species composition after affecting growth rate through diet were explored. Among the 300 lambs at 6-month-old, fast-growing and slow-growing male Altay sheep were screened according to the top 10% and the bottom 10% of daily weight gain, and were defined as high body weight group and low body weight group， respectively. Twelve animals were randomly selected from the high body weight group and they were divided into a high body weight restriction feed group (HR, n=6) and a high body weight control group (HC, n=6). Twelve sheep were randomly selected from the low body weight group and they were divided into a low body weight add feed group (LA, n=6) and a low body weight control group (LC, n=6). After 7 days of pre-feeding, the HR, HC, LC, and LA groups were fed diets with 75%, 100%, 100%, and 125% of energy intakes, respectively. And feeding trials were continued for 30 days. At the end of the feeding period, the animals were weighed and slaughtered to collect intestinal contents from the same site, DNA was extracted from these samples, and detection was performed using the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform. The results showed that under the same feeding standard, the composition of intestinal microbiota of Altay sheep with different growth rates was different. The abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Saccharibacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Bifidobacteriaceae in the HC group was higher than that in the LC group, and the abundance of Proteobacteria and Paeniclostridium in the LC group was higher than that in the HC group. In the experiment of regulating the growth rate through diets, the low-energy diet significantly reduced body weight gain (P<0.05) of HR group; and the high-energy diet significantly increased body weight gain (P<0.05) of LA group. Regardless of promoting or inhibiting the growth rate, the abundance of intestinal Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increased, and high-abundance Saccharibacteria always existed in the group with faster growth rate, while high-abundance Paeniclostridium always existed in the group with slower growth rate. A comprehensive analysis of the results of the two parts of the experiment showed that the abundance changes of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the Altay sheep may be related to the diet and growth rate. The abundance change of Saccharibacteria is positively correlated with growth rate, and the abundance change of Paeniclostridium is negatively correlated with growth rate.

Key words: Altay sheep, intestinal microbiota, growth rate, difference

中图分类号:

候萌, 刘义钢, 叶梦珺, 麦麦提依明·麦麦提力, 木尼热·吐松, 王嘉楠, 开买热亚·艾合买提, 吐热古丽·阿力木, 王金泉. 不同生长速度阿勒泰羊肠道菌群差异性研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2020, 51(9): 2177-2186.

HOU Meng, LIU Yigang, YE Mengjun, MAIMAITIYIMING·Maimaitili, MUNIRE·Tusong, WANG Jia'nan, KAIMAIREYA·Aihemaiti, TUREGULI·Alimu, WANG Jinquan. Study on the Difference of Intestinal Microbiota of Altay Sheep with Different Growth Rates[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(9): 2177-2186.

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