肉鸡胴体外观和肉质性状候选基因研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Genetic improvement of carcass appearance and meat quality traits in broilers is pivotal for enhancing production efficiency and meeting market demands. With the rapid expansion of chilled chicken markets and increasing consumer emphasis on product quality, traits such as carcass appearance (eg., skin color, pore density, body size) and meat quality (e.g., meat color, tenderness, intramuscular fat) have become critical determinants of commercial competitiveness. This review systematically summarizes the application of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in poultry breeding, highlighting the candidate genes identified through GWAS, transcriptomics, and multi-omics approaches. Key genes include LCORL and LDB2 (affecting body size), BCO2 and TYR (affecting skin pigmentation), Wnt3A (affecting pore development), ATP5L and COL1A2 (affecting meat color), FASN and PLA2G4F (affecting intramuscular fat deposition), as well as CAPN1 and CAST (affecting tenderness). By synthesizing current findings, this paper provides a theoretical foundation for marker-assisted breeding and proposes future research directions in functional genomics and precision breeding.

Key words: broiler, carcass appearance, meat quality traits, candidate gene, molecular breeding

CLC Number:

S831.2

CHENG Haotong, ZHANG Lin, ZHAO Liang, GAO Feng, XING Tong. Progress of Candidate Genes for Carcass Appearance and Meat Quality Traits in Broiler Chickens[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(11): 5352-5366.

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78	王斌,廖望,何凯琴,等.FASN和LPL基因对淮南麻黄鸡肌内脂肪含量的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2020,48(9):1-9.
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	LIJ H,XINGS Y,WANGX C,et al.Screening of candidate genes related to intramuscular fat deposition in chickens[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2020,47(6):1828-1836.

试验对象 Study subject	组学技术 Omics technology	染色体 Chromosome	候选基因 Candidate gene	文献 Literature
亚洲山鸡、亚洲野鸡 Asian Bantam type chicken, Asian Game type chicken	Affymetrix Axiom 全基因组鸡基因分型阵列芯片	4	MTM1、SFRP2	[24]
汶上芦花鸡 Wenshang barred chicken	特异位点扩增片段测序技术	Z	Pax5、ZCCHC7、MELK	[29]
汶上芦花鸡 Wenshang Barred chickens	全基因组重测序	4	LCORL、LDB2、PPARGC1A	[25]
儋州鸡 Danzhou chicken	全基因组重测序	1、2、4、8、13	KCNA1、TPK1、EZH2、FSTL5、AMY2A、TGFBI、LECT2、IL-9	[26]
文昌鸡 Wenchang chicken	“京芯一号”鸡55K SNP芯片	4	LDB2、NCAPG、FAM184B等	[23]
儋州鸡 Danzhou chicken	全基因组重测序	2、5、7、9、12	LRP4、WNT6、ZIC4、CTNNB1、WNT7	[27]
狮头鹅 Lion-head goose	全基因组重测序	1、3、9	D2HDH、THAP4、ESPNL、EPT1、TNPO3、MCF2L、AIP1	[28]

试验对象 Study subject	组学技术 Omics technology	染色体 Chromosome	候选基因 Candidate gene	文献 Literature
广丰种鸡场的两个纯系鸡 2 pure lines of chickens from the KwangFeng Breeding Farm	RNA-Seq	1	CD36	[35]
韩国延山乌骨鸡、白来航鸡 Ogye chicken, White Leghorn chicken	60K鸡SNP芯片	Z、20	MTAP、FEM1C、GNAS、EDN3	[36]
麻黄鸡 Ma-Huang chickens	RNA-Seq	3、6、7、10、11、14	CYP26A1、CYP1B1、CYP2C18、CYP2W1、HSD17B2、AOX1、KMO、PLIN1、RET、CYP1A1	[41]
四个不同肤色鸡种 Pardu Hang Dam, Black-Chinese, Sri Mok, and KU-Phuparn chicken lines	qRT-PCR	1、20、Z	TYRP1、TYR、ASIP	[42]
腾冲雪鸡 Tengchong Snow chicken	RNA-Seq	1、4	TYR、DCT、EDNRB2	[43]
麻黄鸡 Ma-Huang chickens	多态性分析	24	BCO2(3个SNPs组成的单倍型GGTTAA)	[39]
丝羽乌骨鸡 Silky fowl	多态性分析	7	SLC38A11 (单倍型TCAATTAA)	[40]
沐川乌骨鸡 Muchuan Black-bone Chickens	多态性分析	34	PMEL17(胸肌黑色素沉积分子标记SNP g-553A)	[37]
中华土鸡F2资源群体 The F2 resource population of Chinese indigenous chickens	多态性分析	1	CD36(11个SNP，3个单倍型)	[38]

试验对象 Study subject	组学技术 Omics technology	染色体 Chromosome	候选基因 Candidate gene	文献 Literature
鹧鸪柄鸡 Partridge Shank chicken	RNA-seq和基因分型	2	Wnt3A	[48]
花山麻鸡、清远麻鸡 Huashan Partridge chicken, Qingyuan Partridge chicken	实时荧光定量PCR、PCR扩增直接测序	2	Wnt3A(g.2555377T>C位点)	[49]
金陵花鸡 Jinling Hua chicken	PCR扩增直接测序	2	Wnt3A(2个SNPs，优势单倍型AGAA、AGAG和AACCAATTTTAATTCC)	[50]
崇仁麻鸡 Chongren Partridge chicken	PCR扩增直接测序	2	Wnt3A(基因g.2555812 T>C位点的CC 基因型、g.2555377T>C位点的CC基因型)	[51]
皖南鸡 Wannan chicken	RNA-seq、WGCNA	1、3、6、9、Z	FOXM1、GTSE1、MELK、CDK1、ECT2、NEK2	[52]
皖南鸡 Wannan chicken	RNA-seq、WGCNA	7、8、27	LAMC2、COL6A3、COL6A2、WNT7A、WNT9B	[53]

试验对象 Study subject	组学技术 Omics technology	染色体 Chromosome	候选基因 Candidate gene	文献 Literature
淮南鸡、皖南鸡 Huainan Chicken, Wannan chicken	RNA-seq、WGCNA	6、12、15、18、24、Z	ATP5L、UQCR10、COX7C、CAV3、RBP4A等	[56]
固原鸡、文昌鸡、藏鸡 Guyuan Chicken, Wenchang chicken, Tibetan Chicken	PCR扩增直接测序	1	TYR(2个SNPs位点)	[57]
北京油鸡、科宝肉鸡 Beijing-You chicken, Cobb-Vantress	60K SNP芯片	2、18、27	COL1A2、PSMD12、KPNA2、FTSJ3	[58]
白羽鸡、京星黄鸡 White-feathered chickens, Jingxing Yellow chicken	转录组分析和全基因组测序分析	1、17	GDPD5、MMP27、SLC2A6、TBXAS1等	[59]
儋州鸡 Danzhou chicken	全基因组重测序	1、Z	ACAA2、ACSS3	[60]
长顺绿壳蛋鸡、黔画乌鸡和威宁鸡 Changshun blue-eggshell chicken, Qianhua black-bone chicken and Weining chicken	PCR扩增直接测序	7	IL8RB(有利双倍型H₁H₁)	[62]

试验对象 Study subject	试验技术 Omics technology	染色体 Chromosome	候选基因 Candidate gene	文献 Literature
隐性白羽鸡、清远麻鸡 Recessive White chicken, Qingyuan partridge chicken	PCR-LDR法(连接酶检测分型)	39	CAPN1	[66]
大恒肉鸡Da-Heng broiler	PCR扩增直接测序	39、Z	CAPN1、CAST	[67]
大恒肉鸡Da-Heng broiler	PCR-SSCP法(单链构象多态性分析)	39	CAPN1	[68]
沃利安山乌骨鸡 Wuliang Mountain Black-bone chicken	PCR直接扩增测序和实时定量PCR	4、5	PITX2、SIX1	[69]

Progress of Candidate Genes for Carcass Appearance and Meat Quality Traits in Broiler Chickens

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试验对象 Study subject	试验技术 Omics technology	染色体 Chromosome	候选基因/分子标记 Candidate gene	文献 Literature
京星黄鸡 Jingxing Yellow chicken	RNA-seq、WGCNA	1、2、4、6、14、19、27、34	RPS6KB1、BRCA1、CDK1、RPS3、PPARGC1A、ACSL1、NDUFAB1、NDUFA9、ATP5B、PRKAG2	[71]
天农鹧鸪鸡 Tiannong partridge chicken	RNA-seq	1、5、10、25、27	THRA、PEA15L1、SCFD1、COMMD4、HIST1H110	[75]
北京油鸡 Beijing-You chicken	RNA-seq	2、4、5、6	PIK3R1、PTEN、WWP1、TRAF6、BMPR1B	[72]
固始鸡Gushi chicken	GWAS，RNA-seq	3	FKBP1B、DNAJC27、SCARA5	[76]
京星黄鸡 Jingxing Yellow chicken	多组学整合分析	5	PLA2G4F	[77]
淮南麻黄鸡 Huainan partridge chicken	实时荧光定量q-PCR	18	FASN	[78]
贵妃鸡 Royal Chicken	RNA-seq	2、3、5、12、30、Z	FADS1、FADS2、ELOVL5、ACOX2、SLC27A1、FABP5、LPL	[74]
京星黄鸡、科宝肉鸡 Jingxing Yellow chicken, Cobb-Vantress	实时荧光定量q-PCR	1、3、7、9、13、Z	ADIPOQ、FKTN、HAT1、HS3ST5、MED4、TNIP1	[79]