2022年中国南方部分地区猪肺炎支原体感染状况的调查与分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.07.025

Abstract

Abstract:

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) is the primary pathogen of endemic pneumonia (EP) in pigs, which causes coughing, shortness of breath, and wasting, resulting in higher feed conversion ratio, lower daily weight gain, longer farrowing time, and much higher farming costs, which cause significant economic losses to the pig farming industry. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the infection status of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in selected areas of southern China. A total of 21 large-scale pig farms in southern China were fixed-point sampled, and the sampling efficiency of nasal swabs and laryngeal swabs was compared through pathogen detection. Subsequently, the sample size for each farm was determined using simple random sampling combined with stratified sampling. A total of 1 478 laryngeal swab samples from sows were collected, and the surveyed pig populations were divided into "0-1 parity sows" and "≥2 parity sows". Pathogen detection was performed using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and molecular epidemiological analysis was conducted using multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) combined with conserved p36 gene and non-conserved p97 and p146 genes. The results showed that the detection rate of nasal swab samples was 16.67%, and the detection rate of laryngeal swab samples was 56.67%, with lower Ct values. The detection rate of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in the field was 66.67%, but the infection pressure in each field was relatively low, with detection rates ranging from 1.39% to 18.57%. Among them, the detection rate of "0-1 parity sows" was 10.05%; the detection rate of "≥2 parity sows" was 2.17%. Molecular epidemiological results showed that the prevalent strains in 7 farms were of the same sequence type (ST128), and the genetic variation of the prevalent strains among the different farms was small and highly homogeneous. For the pathogen detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, laryngeal swabs are a more sensitive and effective sample type in vivo than nasal swabs. Parity of sows and the transportation of pigs are important factors for the infection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in large-scale breeding farms. This study provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.

Key words: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, fixed-point sampling, infection status, molecular epidemiology

CLC Number:

S852.62

Yiming GAO, Guosheng CHEN, Shiting NI, Ze TONG, Haonan WANG, Fan YANG, Lijun YANG, Yupeng MO, Chen TAN. Investigation and Analysis of Infection Status of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in Pigs in Selected Areas of Southern China, 2022[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(7): 3064-3074.

Figures/Tables 6

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References 23

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类型 Type	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列(5′-3′) Primer sequence	退火温度/℃ Tm	产物大小/bp Product size
MLST管家基因扩增引物 MLST housekeeping gene amplification primer	adk-F	CCCAGGAGAACAGACTGAAGA	59	1 148
	adk-R	GCTGGTTTTGCATTTCGGCT
	rpoB-F	GCGGTTCACTTCGGGTAGAA	59	1 848
	rpoB-R	TAGCAACAAGTGGGGCTTCTG
	tpiA-F	CCTTCTAATTTCGTCATCGCGG	59	1 225
	tpiA-R	AGTGCAATCTGAACGCTTGT
MLST管家基因测序引物 MLST housekeeping gene sequencing primer	adk-SF	AGCAACAACTACACTTGAAACGA	59	874
	adk-SR	TGCCAGCAATTTTCAACTGG
	rpoB-SF	AGTGATGATCCAGATTCGCTTGT	59	640
	rpoB-SR	TGTAATTGACTTGTTCGGCATC
	tpiA-SF	CCTTCTAATTTCGTCATCGCGG	59	1 225
	tpiA-SR	AGTGCAATCTGAACGCTTGT
p146基因扩增/ 测序引物 p146 gene amplification/ sequencing primer	P146S-F	CGAACGTGGATGGATGTCAACT	59	870~910
p146基因扩增/ 测序引物 p146 gene amplification/ sequencing primer	P146S-R	GTCTGACCCATTTGTTGGCCATTAT
p36基因扩增/ 测序引物 p36 gene amplification/ sequencing primer	P36FL-F	AACACGCCACCAGGAATTGA	59	1 775
p36基因扩增/ 测序引物 p36 gene amplification/ sequencing primer	P36FL-R	AGGCGTGCAACCTATAGCAG
p97基因扩增/ 测序引物 p97 gene amplification/ sequencing primer	P97R1-F	GCCTATGAATTCGGGGCCTTTA	59	1 189~1 417
p97基因扩增/ 测序引物 p97 gene amplification/ sequencing primer	P97R1-R	CGGTCATCATTGGGTGGCTA

编号 No.	猪场A Farm A				猪场B Farm B
	鼻拭子 Nasal swab		喉拭子 Laryngeal swab		鼻拭子 Nasal swab		喉拭子 Laryngeal swab
	Ct值 Ct value	结果判定 Result	Ct值 Ct value	结果判定 Result	Ct值 Ct value	结果判定 Result	Ct值 Ct value	结果判定 Result
1	/	-	34.36	+	/	-	/	-
2	36.03	+	28.79	+	/	-	/	-
3	/	-	29.50	+	/	-	/	-
4	36.97	+	28.95	+	/	-	/	-
5	36.98	+	27.45	+	/	-	/	-
6	36.55	+	28.72	+	/	-	/	-
7	/	-	26.17	+	/	-	/	-
8	/	-	28.41	+	/	-	/	-
9	/	-	23.20	+	/	-	/	-
10	32.48	+	27.51	+	/	-	/	-
11	/	-	32.84	+	/	-	/	-
12	/	-	31.96	+	/	-	/	-
13	/	-	27.86	+	/	-	/	-
14	/	-	20.82	+	/	-	33.49	+
15	/	/	/	/	/	-	35.75	+
16	/	/	/	/	/	-	33.37	+
检出率/% Detection rate	35.71(5/14)		100.00(14/14)		0.00(0/16)		18.75(3/16)

猪场 Farm	位置 Location	0~1胎母猪检出率 Detection rate of 0-1 parity sows	≥2胎母猪检出率 Detection rate of ≥2 parity sows	母猪检出率^* Detection rate of all sows	场检出率 Field detection rate
A	广西	20.83(5/24)	0.00(0/46)	7.14(5/70)	66.67
B	广西	16.67(4/24)	2.17(1/46)	7.14(5/70)	(14/21)
C	广西	33.33(4/12)	15.52(9/58)	18.57(13/70)
D	广西	0.00(0/31)	0.00(0/39)	0.00(0/70)
E	广东	0.00(0/11)	0.00(0/59)	0.00(0/70)
F	广西	18.75(3/16)	1.85(1/54)	5.71(4/70)
G	广西	1.92(1/52)	0.00(0/18)	1.43(1/70)
H	湖南	0.00(0/18)	0.00(0/52)	0.00(0/70)
I	广西	20.59(7/34)	2.78(1/36)	11.43(8/70)
J	广西	1.39(1/72)	/	1.39(1/72)
K	贵州	0.00(0/49)	0.00(0/21)	0.00(0/70)
L	广西	12.50(4/32)	0.00(0/38)	5.71(4/70)
M	广西	47.37(9/19)	3.92(2/51)	15.71(11/70)
N	贵州	7.89(3/38)	7.89(3/38)	7.89(6/76)
O	广西	29.03(9/31)	0.00(0/39)	12.86(9/70)
P	海南	18.57(13/70)	/	18.57(13/70)
Q	广西	10.53(2/19)	1.96(1/51)	4.29(3/70)
R	广西	0.00(0/23)	0.00(0/47)	0.00(0/70)
S	海南	0.00(0/7)	0.00(0/63)	0.00(0/70)
T	四川	11.63(5/43)	11.11(3/27)	11.43(8/70)
U	云南	0.00(0/22)	0.00(0/48)	0.00(0/70)
总计Total		10.05 (65/647)	2.17 (18/831)	5.62 (83/1 478)

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Investigation and Analysis of Infection Status of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in Pigs in Selected Areas of Southern China, 2022

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