基于超声波测量胸肌厚预测肉鸡产肉性能的选育方法研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.07.011

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to employ ultrasound technology to determine the breast muscle thickness of Tianfu broiler chickens (TF) so as to establish efficient selection method for broiler chickens based on their muscle development. In this present study, the breast muscle thickness, body measurements, and carcass traits of 31 healthy ((2.1±0.5) kg) Tianfu broiler cock chickens (65 days old) were measured, as well as the correlation and path coefficients between the breast muscle thickness, body measurements and carcass traits were analyzed using SPSS 26.0. The optimal regression models for the breast muscle thickness and carcass traits, as well as the lean meat weight and body measurements, were established. Furthermore, the principal component analysis was performed on the body measurements using the JMP. The ultrasound results showed that the breast muscle thickness of the Tianfu broiler male chickens followed a normal distribution. The coefficient of variation in the body slope length, chest depth, chest angle, shank girth, and crown thickness were greater than 10%, and the breast muscle thickness was significantly positively correlated with the chest circumference, chest depth, shank girth, crowm thickness, and breast muscle weight (P < 0.01), and was significantly positively correlated with the keel length, chest girth, live weight, half-carcass weight, and lean meat weight (P < 0.05). Taken together, it was revealed in this study that the lean meat weight of the Tianfu broiler male chickens were closely related to the chest girth and body slope length. Furthermore, the meat production performance were indirectly selected through optimal linear regression models of body size traits for lean meat weight and carcass traits for breast muscle thickness, whereas, live weight, chest circumference, chest girth, shank girth, and crown thickness are also traits of importance to be considered in selection of Tianfu broiler chickens. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for further selection of high-quality meat chickens.

Key words: Tianfu broiler, pectoral muscle thickness, correlation analysis, principal component analysis

CLC Number:

S831.2

Yinuo WANG, Dan XU, Jianhua YANG, Yang LIU, Yaofu TIAN, Xiaoling ZHAO. Research on a Breeding Method for Predicting Meat Yield Performance of Broilers Based on Ultrasound Measurement of Pectoral Muscle Thickness[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(7): 2901-2912.

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References 41

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成分Ingredient	含量Content	营养Nutrient	水平Level
玉米Corn	56.40	代谢能/(MJ·kg^-1) Metabolic energy (ME)	10.98
豆粕Soybean meal	26.20	粗蛋白Crude protein	17.04
麦麸Wheat bran	2.40	粗脂肪Crude fat	3.47
玉米胚芽粉Corn germ meal	3.50	粗纤维Crude fibre	2.68
油脂Lard	0.80	钙Calcium	3.40
石灰石(细)Limestone(fine)	2.30	总磷Total phosphorus	0.63
石灰石(粗)Limestone (coarse)	6.00	有效磷Available phosphorus	0.37
磷酸氢钙Dicalcium phosphate	1.34	赖氨酸Lysine	0.86
氯化钠Sodium chloride	0.24	蛋氨酸Methionine	0.39
氯化胆碱Choline chloride	0.12
维生素预混料¹+ 矿物质预混料² Vitamin premix¹+ mineral premix²	0.70
合计Total	100.00

性状 Trait	柯尔莫戈洛夫-斯米诺夫 Kolmogorov-Smirnov			夏皮洛-威尔克 Shapiro-Wilk test
性状 Trait	统计量 Statistic	自由度 Degree of freedom	显著性 Significance	统计量 Statistic	自由度 Degree of freedom	显著性 Significance
胸肌厚(X12) Pectoralis major thickness(X12)	0.125	31	0.200^*	0.943	31	0.099

性状Trait	平均值Average	标准差Std	变异系数/% CV
体斜长/mm Body slope length	2 102.26	266.15	12.66
龙骨长/mm Keel length	225.29	9.56	4.25
胸宽/mm Chest circumference	114.72	9.14	7.97
胸深/mm Chest depth	57.14	12.88	22.53
胸角/℃hest angel	82.76	10.80	13.05
胸围/mm Chest girth	103.79	7.27	7.01
胫长/mm Shank length	262.65	25.98	9.89
胫围/mm Shank girth	87.60	15.37	17.55
冠高/mm Crown height	48.42	3.45	7.13
冠厚/mm Crown thickness	37.90	6.94	18.32

性状Trait	平均值Average	标准差Std	变异系数/% CV
胸肌厚/mm Pectoralis major thickness	15.57	3.15	20.22
活重/g Live weight	2 102.26	266.15	12.66
半净膛重/g Half-eviscerated weight with giblet	1 740.32	209.16	12.02
全净膛重/g Eviscerated weight	1 398.06	197.2	14.11
胸肌重/g Breast muscle weight	218.72	37.11	16.97
腿肌重/g Leg muscle weight	329.83	49.23	14.93
瘦肉重/g Lean meat weight	548.55	81.70	14.89
心重/g Heart weight	10.98	2.20	19.99
肝脏重/g Liver weight	46.47	6.97	14.99
脾脏重/g Splenic weight	4.03	1.52	37.79
肌胃重/g Musculogastric weight	24.65	4.66	18.89
腺胃重/g Glandular gastric weight	11.08	4.83	43.61

性状Trait	胸肌厚/mm Pectoralis major thickness
体斜长Body slope length	0.253
龙骨长Keel length	0.384^*
胸宽Chest circumference	0.539^**
胸深Chest depth	0.461^**
胸角Chest angel	0.135
胸围Chest girth	0.440^*
胫长Shank length	0.131
胫围Shank girth	0.564^**
冠高Crown height	-0.032
冠厚Crown thickness	0.545^**

Research on a Breeding Method for Predicting Meat Yield Performance of Broilers Based on Ultrasound Measurement of Pectoral Muscle Thickness

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性状Trait	胸肌厚/mm Pectoralis major thickness
活重Live weight	0.392^*
半净膛重Half-eviscerated weight with giblet	0.363^*
全净膛重Eviscerated weight	0.179
胸肌重Breast muscle weight	0.549^**
腿肌重Leg muscle weight	0.267
瘦肉重Lean meat weight	0.410^*
心重Heart weight	0.249
肝脏重Liver weight	0.334
脾脏重Splenic weight	-0.089
肌胃重Musculogastric weight	0.214
腺胃重Glandular gastric weight	0.066

模型Model	R	R ²	调整后R ² Adjusted R ²
1	0.816a	0.666	0.654
2	0.888b	0.789	0.774

模型 Model	指标Index	未标准化系数Unnormalized coefficient		标准化系数Standardization coefficient
模型 Model	指标Index	B	标准误差Standard error	Beta	t	显著性Significance
1	常量 Constant	-125.328	89.097		-1.407	0.17
	胸围 Chest girth	25.657	3.376	0.816	7.599	0
2	常量 Constant	-780.322	177.009		-4.408	0
	胸围 Chest girth	24.759	2.737	0.787	9.044	0
	体斜长 Body slope length	30.121	7.436	0.353	4.051	0

项目Item	主成分1 Principal component 1	主成分2 Principal component 2	主成分3 Principal component 3	主成分4 Principal component 4
特征根Characteristic root	5.374 1	1.482 9	1.229 3	1.168 7
贡献率Contribution rate	44.784	12.358 0	10.244 0	9.740 0
累积贡献率Cumulative contribution rate	44.784	57.142 0	67.386 0	77.125 0
特征向量Eigenvector
活重Live weight	0.356 79	0.278 34	-0.008 37	0.103 18
体斜长Body slope length	0.136 47	-0.216 63	0.639 25	0.389 55
龙骨长Keel length	0.315 28	0.041 79	0.161 64	-0.271 74
胸宽Chest circumference	0.374 62	-0.221 62	-0.178 59	0.106 51
胸深Chest depth	0.318 30	-0.219 29	-0.250 80	0.078 39
胸角Chest angel	0.081 10	0.607 32	-0.301 87	0.105 18
胸围Chest girth	0.383 48	0.075 15	-0.215 85	0.066 45
胫长Shank length	-0.005 51	0.604 42	0.378 90	0.262 43
胫围Shank girth	0.358 59	0.091 97	0.039 49	-0.013 17
冠高Crown height	0.097 13	0.129 05	0.365 35	-0.721 38
冠厚Crown thickness	0.374 53	0.098 42	0.226 73	-0.024 46
胸肌厚Pectoralis major thickness	0.284 72	0.045 16	0.051 36	0.375 18

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模型 Model	R	R²	调整后R² Adjusted R²
1	0.410a	0.168	0.14

性状Trait	主成分1 Principal component 1	主成分2 Principal component 2	主成分3 Principal component 3	主成分4 Principal component 4
活重Live weight	0.827 10	0.338 95	-0.009 28	0.111 55
体斜长Body slope length	0.316 36	－0.263 80	0.708 75	0.421 14
龙骨长Keel length	0.730 88	0.050 88	0.179 21	0.293 77
胸宽Chest circumference	0.868 45	－0.269 88	－0.198 01	0.115 14
胸深Chest depth	0.737 88	－0.267 05	－0.278 07	0.084 74
胸角Chest angel	0.188 00	0.739 57	－0.334 69	0.113 71
胸围Chest girth	0.889 00	0.091 51	－0.239 32	0.071 84
胫长Shank length	0.012 77	0.736 04	0.420 09	0.283 71
胫围Shank girth	0.831 29	0.112 00	0.043 78	0.014 23
冠高Crown height	0.225 17	0.157 15	0.405 07	－0.779 87
冠厚Crown thickness	0.868 23	0.119 85	0.251 38	0.026 44
胸肌厚Pectoralis major thickness	0.660 05	0.055 00	0.056 95	0.405 61