畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 294-304.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.025

• 营养与饲料 • 上一篇    下一篇

低蛋白饲粮钙、非植酸磷水平与电解质平衡值对肉仔鸡生长、血清指标及养分代谢率的影响

李顺英1, 邓仕伟2(), 廖秀冬1, 黄靓1, 李笑然1, 王冲1, 张丽阳1, 吕林1()   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 矿物元素营养研究室,北京 100193
    2.四川吉隆达生物科技集团有限公司,德阳 618300
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-25 出版日期:2026-01-23 发布日期:2026-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 吕林 E-mail:632943264@qq.com;lvlin1225@163.com
  • 作者简介:李顺英与邓仕伟为同等贡献作者
    邓仕伟,高级兽医师,主要从事动物传染病及矿物元素营养研究,E-mail:632943264@qq.com
    第一联系人:李顺英,硕士生,主要从事家禽营养与饲料科学研究,E-mail:2746799167@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD1300504);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费(ASTIP-IAS09)

Effects of Calcium and Non-Phytate Phosphorus Levels and Electrolyte Balance Value in a Low-Protein Diet on the Growth Performance, Serum Parameters and Metabolic Rate of Nutrients in Broilers

LI Shunying1, DENG Shiwei2(), LIAO Xiudong1, HUANG Liang1, LI Xiaoran1, WANG Chong1, ZHANG Liyang1, LÜ Lin1()   

  1. 1.Mineral Nutrition Research Division,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China
    2.Sichuan Chelota Biotech Corporation Limited,Deyang 618300,China
  • Received:2024-12-25 Online:2026-01-23 Published:2026-01-26
  • Contact: Lü Lin E-mail:632943264@qq.com;lvlin1225@163.com

摘要:

旨在研究低蛋白饲粮不同钙(calcium,Ca)、非植酸磷(non-phytic phosphorus,NPP)与电解质平衡(dietary electrolyte balance,DEB)对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及养分代谢率的影响。采用3×3双因子完全随机试验设计,将饲粮钙和非植酸磷设3个水平,分别为0.70% Ca和0.35% NPP、0.80% Ca和0.40% NPP、0.90% Ca和0.45%NPP,饲粮电解质平衡值(Na++K+-Cl-)设3个水平,分别为200、250和300 mmol·kg-1,饲粮粗蛋白水平为19.5%。选用324只1日龄爱拔益加(Arbor Acres,AA)肉公鸡,按平均体重随机分为9个处理组,每组6个重复,每个重复笼6只鸡,试验期21 d。结果表明:1)饲粮钙、非植酸磷与电解质平衡值及两者的互作对1~21日龄白羽肉鸡生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮钙、非植酸磷与电解质平衡值两者的互作对血清谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)活性有显著影响(P<0.05),当饲粮钙、非植酸磷水平分别为0.70%和0.35%时,300 mmol·kg-1电解质平衡值组的ALT活性显著高于200和250 mmol·kg-1组(P<0.05),当饲粮钙、非植酸磷水平分别为0.80%和0.40%时,250和300 mmol·kg-1电解质平衡值组的ALT活性显著低于200 mmol·kg-1组(P<0.05),饲粮钙、非植酸磷水平分别为0.90%和0.45%时,不同电解质平衡值对ALT活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)随饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平的升高,钙表观代谢率显著下降(P<0.05);饲粮电解质平衡值为300 mmol·kg-1组的干物质、粗蛋白和钙的表观代谢率显著高于250和200 mmol·kg-1组(P<0.05);当饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平为0.70%和0.35%时,300 mmol·kg-1电解质平衡值组的磷表观代谢率显著高于200和250 mmol·kg-1组(P<0.05);当饲粮钙和非植酸磷水平为0.90%和0.45%时,300 mmol·kg-1电解质平衡值组的磷表观代谢率水平显著高于200 mmol·kg-1组(P<0.05)。综上所述,低蛋白饲粮(粗蛋白水平为19.5%)钙和非植酸磷水平为0.80%和0.40%、电解质平衡值为300 mmol·kg-1对于1~21日龄肉仔鸡生长和养分利用较为适宜。

关键词: 钙, 非植酸磷, 电解质平衡, 低蛋白饲粮, 肉仔鸡

Abstract:

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different calcium (Ca), non-phytic phosphorus (NPP) levels and electrolyte balance (DEB) value in a low protein diet on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and metabolic rate of nutrients in broilers. A 3×3 two-factor completely randomized design was adopted. Three dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus levels were 0.70% Ca and 0.35% NPP, 0.80% Ca and 0.40% NPP, 0.90% Ca and 0.45%NPP, respectively. And three levels of dietary electrolyte balance (Na++K+-Cl-) were 200, 250 and 300 mmol·kg-1, respectively. In addition, dietary crude protein level was 19.5%. A total of 324 1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 9 treatments with 6 replicate cages per treatment and 6 birds per cage. The experimental period was 21 days. The results showed that: 1) Dietary Ca, NPP and DEB value and their interaction had no significant effect (P>0.05) on growth performance of broilers from 1 to 21 d of age; 2) The interaction of dietary Ca, NPP and DEB value had significant effect (P<0.05) on the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in serum. As dietary Ca and NPP levels were 0.70% and 0.35%, the serum ALT activity from broilers in the 300 mmol·kg-1 DEB value group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the 200 and 250 mmol·kg-1 DEB value groups. As the levels of Ca and NPP were 0.80% and 0.40%, the serum ALT activity from broilers in the 250 or 300 mmol·kg-1 DEB value groups was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that in the 200 mmol·kg-1 DEB value group. As the levels of Ca and NPP were 0.90% and 0.45%, DEB levels had no significant effect (P>0.05) on serum ALT activity; 3) As dietary Ca and NPP levels increased, the apparent metabolic rate of Ca decreased significantly (P<0.05). The apparent metabolic rates of dry matter, crude protein and Ca in broilers from 300 mmol·kg-1 DEB value group were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in 250 and 200 mmol·kg-1 DEB value groups. As the levels of dietary Ca and NPP were 0.70% and 0.35%, 300 mmol·kg-1 DEB value could significantly increase (P<0.05) the apparent metabolic rate of P compared with the 200 and 250 mmol·kg-1 DEB value. And as the levels of Ca and NPP were 0.90% and 0.45%, the apparent metabolic rate of P in 300 mmol·kg-1 DEB value group was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in the 200 mmol·kg-1 group. These results indicated that the Ca and NPP levels of 0.80% and 0.40% and DEB value of 300 mmol·kg-1 in a low protein diet (Crude protein: 19.5%) were optimal for the growth and nutrient utilization in broilers from 1 to 21 d of age.

Key words: calcium, non-phytic phosphorus, electrolyte balance, low protein diet, broilers

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