低钙胁迫对胎猪脂质代谢的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.10.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 猪群的钙磷代谢紊乱是影响猪场经济效益的长久问题之一。妊娠母猪缺钙易致猪群的生产性能下降，其仔猪出生后的育肥效果又相对较差，进一步造成生产利润的丢失。本文就妊娠母猪发生钙流失对胎猪脂质代谢方面的影响进行了深入地研究。试验将20头健康的7～8胎龄母猪随机分为对照组（control，CON）和低钙组（low-calcium，LCa），每组10头作生物学重复。按不同钙磷比配置日粮，于母猪妊娠第85天连续饲喂至第114天分娩。仔猪出生后立即采集其血液和肝肾组织样本。运用代谢组学技术分析仔猪代谢通路的变化；生化仪检测血清中的脂类物质；ELISA方法检测脂质代谢指标；荧光定量检测脂质代谢相关基因的表达。结果表明：低钙胁迫主要影响了胎猪的甘油磷脂代谢通路，同时对脂肪酸代谢及棕榈酸的合成等也造成了一定的干扰；仔猪血清中脂类物质的含量无明显变化（P>0.05）；低钙胁迫显著影响了胎猪体内FAS、Visfatin以及Resistin的分泌（P<0.05）；低钙组仔猪肝中SCD、LDLR，肾中SCD、FABP4、HSD17B12以及ABCC4基因的mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。以上结果提示，妊娠母猪缺钙可致使胎猪脂质代谢受影响，可能会不利于其生长发育。

关键词: 钙, 胎猪, 脂质代谢

Abstract: The disorder of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in pigs is one of the long-term problems affecting the economic efficiency of pig farms. Calcium deficiency of pregnant sows leads to a decline in the production performance of the pigs, and the fattening effect of piglets is relatively poor, further resulting in the loss of production profit. The effects of calcium loss in pregnant sows on lipid metabolism in fetal pigs were studied in this paper. In this paper, the effect of calcium loss in pregnant sows on lipid metabolism in fetal pigs was studied. Twenty healthy sows with 7-8 gestational age were randomly divided into control group (CON, n=10) and low-calcium group (LCa, n=10). The sows were continuously fed according to different Ca/P ratio from the 85th day of gestation to the 114th day of delivery. The blood, liver and kidney tissue samples were collected from piglets immediately after birth. Metabolomics was used to analyze the changes of metabolic pathways in piglets. Lipids and lipid metabolism in serum were detected by biochemical apparatus and ELISA, respectively. The expression of lipid metabolism-related genes was detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that low calcium stress mainly affected glycerol phospholipid metabolism pathway of fetal pigs, and also interfered fatty acid metabolism and palmitic acid synthesis; while, there was no significant change in serum lipid content of piglets (P>0.05). Low calcium stress significantly affected the secretion of FAS, Visfatin and Resistin in fetal pigs (P<0.05). The mRNA expressions of SCD, LDLR, SCD, FABP4, HSD17B12 and ABCC4 in liver and kidney of piglets were significantly decreased (P<0.05) in low calcium group. These results indicated that calcium deficiency in pregnant sows can affect the lipid metabolism of fetal pigs, which may be detrimental to their growth and development.

Key words: calcium, fetal pigs, lipid metabolisim

中图分类号:

S856.5

张卓炜, 艾强云, 何洋, 张辉, 李英, 郭剑英, 唐兆新. 低钙胁迫对胎猪脂质代谢的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(10): 3675-3684.

ZHANG Zhuowei, AI Qiangyun, HE Yang, ZHANG Hui, LI Ying, GUO Jianying, TANG Zhaoxin. Effects of Low Calcium Stress on Lipid Metabolism in Fetal Pigs[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(10): 3675-3684.

参考文献 22

[1]	曾知为. 浅谈在家禽养殖中钙缺乏和钙过量的影响[J]. 养禽与禽病防治, 2021(5):2-3.ZENG Z W. A brief discussion on the effects of calcium deficiency and calcium excess in poultry farming[J]. Poultry Husbandry and Disease Control, 2021(5):2-3. (in Chinese)
[2]	BOYLE W J, SIMONET W S, LACEY D L. Osteoclast differentiation and activation[J]. Nature, 2003, 423(6937):337-342.
[3]	林立柱. 母猪缺钙引起的瘫痪分析[J]. 畜牧兽医科技信息, 2017(5):89.LIN L Z. Analysis of paralysis caused by calcium deficiency in sows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2017(5):89. (in Chinese)
[4]	SANBORN B M. Hormones and calcium:mechanisms controlling uterine smooth muscle contractile activity[J]. Exp Physiol, 2001, 86(2):223-237.
[5]	季景环, 任静华, 孙志敏, 等. 妊娠期血清钙、磷、25羟维生素D浓度与产后出血的相关性分析[J]. 解放军预防医学杂志, 2019, 37(3):66-68.JI J H, REN J H, SUN Z M, et al. Correlation analysis of serum calcium, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations during pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhage[J]. Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 2019, 37(3):66-68. (in Chinese)
[6]	KAWADA T, TAKAHASHI N, FUSHIKI T. Biochemical and physiological characteristics of fat cell[J]. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, 2001, 47(1):1-12.
[7]	魏丹, 徐志鹏, 薛耀明. 人类棕色脂肪的分布、影响因素及生理学作用[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2013, 29(17):2918-2920.WEI D, XU Z P, XUE Y M. Distribution, influencing factors and physiological roles of human brown fat[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2013, 29(17):2918-2920. (in Chinese)
[8]	章杰. 猪皮下脂肪组织发育过程mRNA转录组鉴定和差异分析[D]. 雅安:四川农业大学, 2014.ZHANG J. Dynamic gene expression profiles during postnatal development of porcine subcutaneous adipose[D]. Yaan:Sichuan Agricultural University, 2014. (in Chinese)
[9]	HÉLIōS-TOUSSAINT C, GAMBERT S, ROLLER P, et al. Lipid metabolism in human endothelial cells[J]. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids, 2006, 1761(7):765-774.
[10]	马会芳. 基于质谱技术的甘油磷脂和甘油三酯高效分析方法及其应用研究[D]. 北京:中国农业科学院, 2018.MA H F. High performance analysis of phospholipids and triglycerides based on mass spectrometry and its application[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2018. (in Chinese)
[11]	KOUGIAS P, CHAI H, LIN P H, et al. Lysophosphatidylcholine and secretory phospholipase A2 in vascular disease:mediators of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis[J]. Med Sci Monit, 2006, 12(1):RA5-16.
[12]	ZANG Y F, FAN L, CHEN J H, et al. Improvement of lipid and glucose metabolism by capsiate in palmitic acid-treated HepG2 cells via activation of the AMPK/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2018, 66(26):6772-6781.
[13]	任阳奇. 棕榈酸和叶酸对育成牛生长性能和脂质代谢基因表达的影响[D]. 晋中:山西农业大学, 2019.REN Y Q. Effects of palm acid and folic acid on growth performance and lipid metabolism gene expression in growing Holstein dairy bulls[D]. Jinzhong:Shanxi Agricultural University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[14]	颜新春, 汪以真, 许梓荣. 动物脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)基因表达的调控[J]. 动物营养学报, 2002, 14(2):1-4, 8.YAN X C, WANG Y Z, XU Z R. Regulation of fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene expression in animals[J]. Acta Zoonutrimenta Sinica, 2002, 14(2):1-4, 8. (in Chinese)
[15]	沙爽, 韩蕊, 车东升. 日粮碳水化合物水平对体内脂肪酸合成酶调控的研究进展[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2017(1):65-68.SHA S, HAN R, CHE D S. Research progress of dietary carbohydrate levels on the regulation of fatty acid synthase in vivo[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2017(1):65-68. (in Chinese)
[16]	WOLF G. Insulin resistance and obesity:resistin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue[J]. Nutr Rev, 2004, 62(10):389-394.
[17]	徐叶平. 内脂素与肥胖相关性疾病的研究[J]. 现代医药卫生, 2012, 28(16):2483-2484.XU Y P. Research on visfatin and obesity-related diseases[J]. Journal of Modern Medicine & Health, 2012, 28(16):2483-2484. (in Chinese)
[18]	RENAVILLE B, PRANDI A, FAN B, et al. Candidate gene marker associations with fatty acid profiles in heavy pigs[J]. Meat Sci, 2013, 93(3):495-500.
[19]	蔡刚志, 华再东, 毕延震, 等. SCD基因与猪脂肪酸代谢(综述)[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2019, 47(20):24-28.CAI G Z, HUA Z D, BI Y Z, et al. SCD gene and fatty acid metabolism in pigs:a review[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 47(20):24-28. (in Chinese)
[20]	ZHANG C, CHIU K Y, CHAN B P M, et al. Knocking out or pharmaceutical inhibition of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) alleviates osteoarthritis induced by high-fat diet in mice[J]. Osteoarthr Cartil, 2018, 26(6):824-833.
[21]	卢圣菲, 冉雪琴, 刘畅, 等. 5个猪种HSD17B12基因结构变异SV225的多态性研究[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2018, 50(7):10-13.LU S F, RAN X Q, LIU C, et al. Polymorphism of structural variation SV225 in the HSD17B12 gene of five pig breeds[J]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2018, 50(7):10-13. (in Chinese)
[22]	高敏敏, 吴代武, 周露阳, 等. 饲料鱼溶浆影响黄颡鱼的胆汁酸代谢及脂肪沉积[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(4):731-738.GAO M M, WU D W, ZHOU L Y, et al. Effects of stickwater on bile acid and lipid metabolism of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2019, 43(4):731-738.(in Chinese)