民猪猪繁殖与呼吸综合征恢复力高低组血清代谢组学研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.04.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在对民猪猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(蓝耳病)恢复力高低组血清代谢组学进行研究，为蓝耳病的防控提供参考。本研究从代谢组学的角度出发，选择28日龄民猪15头，体重相近、饲喂环境相同且攻相同蓝耳病毒, 从中选取高恢复力组5头、低恢复力组5头，基于液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS) 对血清样本进行非靶向代谢组学检测，通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)、聚类分析等筛选不同恢复力民猪血清差异代谢物并进行通路富集分析。结果表明: 在不同恢复力组间可筛选得到39个差异代谢物(P < 0.05)，进一步注释分析发现，鞘磷脂、靛玉红、花生四烯酸、L-苏氨酸可以作为潜在标志代谢物候选。通路分析发现，缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的生物合成、花生四烯酸代谢通路等可能通过影响炎性细胞因子水平和炎症介质的产生来减轻炎症反应，最终影响恢复力。综上所述，本研究不仅筛选到鞘磷脂、靛玉红、花生四烯酸等蓝耳病恢复力相关标志代谢物，还在代谢物角度初步诠释了恢复力差异高低的可能机制，为蓝耳病的防控和高恢复力民猪选育提供了理论参考。

关键词: 民猪, 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征, 恢复力, 代谢组学

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to study the serum metabolomics of high and low resilience groups of porcine reprodective and respiratory syndrome (PRRS, blue ear disease) in Min pig, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of blue ear disease. In this study, from the perspective of metabolomics, 15 Min pigs aged 28 days with similar body weights were selected, the same feeding environment, and the same exposure to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Among them, 5 pigs were classified into the high-resilience group and 5 into the low-resilience group. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of serum samples was performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Differential metabolites in the serum of Min pigs with different resilience levels were screened through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and cluster analysis, followed by pathway enrichment analysis. The results identified 39 differential metabolites between resilience groups (P < 0.05). Analysis revealed that sphingolipids, indigo carmine, arachidonic acid, and L-threonine were potential biomarkers. Further analysis indicated that pathways related to valine, leucine, isoleucine biosynthesis, and arachidonic acid metabolism might alleviate inflammatory responses by modulating cytokine levels and inflammatory mediators, thereby affecting resilience. In summary, this study identified sphingomyelin, indigo, arachidonic acid, and other metabolites associated with resilience to blue ear disease. Additionally, it provided a preliminary interpretation of the mechanisms underlying differences in resilience from a metabolic perspective. This research offers theoretical insights for both the prevention and control of blue ear disease and the breeding of Min pigs with high resilience.

Key words: Min pigs, PRRS, recovery ability, metabolomics

中图分类号:

S828.2

孟祥旭, 李佳, 任德明, 陈奎蓉, 和艺云, 王立贤, 盛熙晖, 王立刚. 民猪猪繁殖与呼吸综合征恢复力高低组血清代谢组学研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(4): 1689-1699.

MENG Xiangxu, LI Jia, REN Deming, CHEN Kuirong, HE Yiyun, WANG Lixian, SHENG Xihui, WANG Ligang. Study on Serum Metabolomics of High and Low Resilience Group of Min Pigs with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(4): 1689-1699.

图/表 7

表 1

图 1

图 2

图 3

表 2

血清差异代谢标志物汇总"

代谢物 Metabolite	变量投影重要度VIP	P值 P-value	差异倍数 FC	趋势 Tendency
鞘磷脂SM (d14:1/27:1)	2.147 1	0.000 07	7.893 6	上调
鞘磷脂SM (d27:0/12:1)	2.090 4	0.000 3	10.019 0	上调
磷脂酰胆碱PC(o-22:0/20:4(8Z, 11Z, 14Z, 17Z))	2.047 7	0.000 4	3.477 4	上调
2-[(3-甲基苯并[b]噻酚基)羰基]苯甲酸 2-[(3-methylbenzo[b]Thiophen-2-yl)carbonyl]benzoic acid	2.007 4	0.001 2	6.339 6	上调
鞘磷脂SM(d18:0/22:0)	1.921 8	0.003 3	2.774 1	上调
鞘磷脂SM (d17:0/23:1)	1.903 3	0.003 9	2.648 2	上调
戊二酸D--Hydroxyglutaric acid	1.885 3	0.004 1	2.654 8	上调
2, 6-二甲基苯胺2, 6-Xylidine	1.810 2	0.004 1	2.463 1	上调
鞘磷脂SM(d18:1/22:1(13Z))	1.846 8	0.004 4	7.297 2	上调
磷脂酰胆碱PC (16:0/20:4)	1.862 4	0.005 4	0.427 6	下调
磷脂酰胆碱PC (18:1/20:5)	1.845 5	0.005 8	0.386 3	下调
烟酰甘氨酸Nicotinuric acid	1.758 8	0.005 9	2.413 8	上调
鞘磷脂SM (d19:3/23:0)	1.758 4	0.009 1	2.583 6	上调
鞘磷脂SM(d19:1/24:1(15Z))	1.763 1	0.010 5	2.941 4	上调
磷脂酰胆碱PC (16:1/16:1)	1.718 8	0.010 5	0.302 9	下调
九苓草内酯Alatolide	1.690 4	0.010 9	32.25 2	上调
对薄荷三烯p-Mentha-1, 3, 8-triene	1.670 2	0.011 1	2.245 6	上调
壬二酸二乙脂Dihexyl nonanedioate	1.704 2	0.011 8	2.401 9	上调
胆汁酸3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha-Trihy-droxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al	1.630 4	0.012 6	23.870 0	上调
鞘磷脂SM (d14:1/14:0)	1.721 7	0.013 0	0.203 1	下调
N1, N10-双(对香豆酰)亚精胺N-P-Coumaroyl Spermidine	1.694 0	0.014 3	0.452 3	下调
(2E)-3-(3, 4-二甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸 (2E)-3-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl) prop-2-enoic acid	1.659 1	0.014 4	3.151 3	上调
鞘磷脂SM (d21:1/12:0)	1.715 0	0.015 2	0.449 8	下调
L-苏氨酸L-Threonine	1.737 0	0.016 0	0.340 1	下调
3-氧代辛酰基高丝氨酸内酯N-(3-Oxooctanoyl)homoserine lactone	1.638 5	0.018 1	3.362 8	上调
二十五碳五烯酸Eicosapentaenoic acid	1.559 0	0.025 8	0.452 1	下调
N-乳基苯丙氨酸N-lactoyl-phenylalanine	1.614 8	0.026 3	2.477 7	上调
酮异戊酸Alpha-ketoisocaproic acid	1.493 3	0.027 1	2.355 2	上调
磷脂酰胆碱PC(o-22:2(13Z, 16Z)/22:3(10Z, 13Z, 16Z))	1.565 0	0.028 4	3.230 2	上调
磷脂酰胆碱PC (17:2/17:2)	1.581 3	0.035 2	0.480 3	下调
靛玉红Indirubin	1.576 6	0.036 5	95.87 5	上调
脱氧腺苷Deoxyadenosine	1.585 0	0.036 8	0.058 4	下调
花生四烯酸Arachidonic acid	1.522 8	0.037 0	0.453 1	下调
7-脱氢胆甾醇7-dehydrocholesterol	1.520 8	0.037 2	0.465 9	下调
戊二酰基肉碱Glutarylcarnitine	1.402 3	0.037 5	2.349 4	上调
C24:1神经酰胺Cer(d18:0/24:1(15Z))	1.565 6	0.040 2	6.456 1	上调
脱氢表雄酮硫酸盐Dehydroisoandrosterone sulfate	1.413 2	0.040 6	2.495 0	上调
溶血磷脂酰胆碱LPC 22:4	1.498 1	0.045 3	0.052 7	下调
十二烷基[(四氢呋喃-2-基甲基)氨基]甲烷二硫酸酯 dodecyl [(tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl)amino]methanedithioate	1.455 2	0.048 3	2.108 8	上调

表 2

图 4

图 5

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组别 Group	个体/表型 Individual/phenotype	平均日增重比值(攻毒后/攻毒前) Average daily gain ratio (After attack/Before attack)	第28天体温/℃ Temperature on day 28	第28天症状 Symptoms on day 28
高组 High group	A4	2.2	39.1	无症状
	A5	1.6	39.4	无症状
	A8	2.9	39.4	咳嗽
	A9	2.0	39.8	无症状
	A10	2.9	39.3	无症状
低组 Low group	B3	0.8	39.3	流清鼻涕
	B7	1.0	40.1	咳嗽
	B11	0.7	39.4	咳嗽
	B13	0.8	39.3	流浓鼻涕
	B14	0.6	39.5	无症状

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