红景天苷对甲泼尼龙诱导的肉鸡股骨头坏死的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.05.044

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探究红景天苷对甲泼尼龙诱导的肉鸡股骨头坏死动物模型骨代谢的影响及其机理。将32只1日龄爱拔益加肉鸡随机分为对照组、甲泼尼龙处理组、红景天苷干预组和红景天苷对照组，每组8只。在肉鸡42日龄时，对肉鸡进行步态评分与称重后，取血液和肝脏样本进行甘油三酯和总胆固醇检测；取股骨头组织样本进行骨代谢指标检测；取股骨和胫骨进行骨密度和骨强度检测。结果显示：与甲泼尼龙处理组相比，红景天苷干预组肉鸡体重显著增加；股骨的重量、长度、杨氏模量和断裂载荷显著增加；胫骨刚度显著增加；股骨头Collagen-1和Runx2基因的转录显著上调；软骨陷窝空泡减少，软骨Collagen-2、Aggrecan和BMP2基因转录显著上调，MMP13基因转录显著下调；肝脏和血清中的甘油三酯和总胆固醇的含量显著下降；股骨头FASN和SCD1基因表达下调。综上表明, 红景天苷可以调控脂代谢和软骨基质合成，缓解甲泼尼龙诱导的肉鸡股骨头坏死。

关键词: 股骨头坏死, 红景天苷, 肉鸡, 甲泼尼龙, 脂代谢

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of salidroside on bone metabolism in a methylprednisolone-induced animal model of femoral head necrosis in broilers. Thirty-two 1-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly divided into a control group, a methylprednisolone group, a salidroside intervention group, and a salidroside control group, with 8 chickens in each group. At 42 days of age, the chickens were subjected to gait scoring and weighing, followed by the collection of blood and liver samples for triglyceride and total cholesterol analysis. Femoral head tissue samples were collected for bone metabolism marker analysis, and femur and tibia samples were taken for bone density and strength testing. Results were as follows: Compared to the methylprednisolone group, the salidroside intervention group showed a significant increase in body weight, femur weight, length, Young's modulus, and fracture load, as well as a significant increase in tibial stiffness; The transcription of Collagen-1 and Runx2 genes in the femoral head was significantly upregulated; There was a reduction in cartilage lacuna vacuolation, with significant upregulation of Collagen-2, Aggrecan, and BMP2 gene transcription in cartilage; a significant downregulation of MMP13 gene transcription; the levels of triglycerides and total cholesterol in the liver and serum significantly decreased; the expression of FASN and SCD1 genes in the femoral head was downregulated. The results indicate that salidroside can regulate lipid metabolism and cartilage matrix synthesis, and alleviate methylprednisolone induced femoral head necrosis in broiler chickens.

Key words: femoral head necrosis, salidroside, broiler, methylprednisolone, lipid metabolism

中图分类号:

张岩岩, 葛红帆, 周振雷. 红景天苷对甲泼尼龙诱导的肉鸡股骨头坏死的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(5): 2496-2506.

ZHANG Yanyan, GE Hongfan, ZHOU Zhenlei. The Effect of Salidroside on Methylprednisolone Induced Femoral Head Necrosis in Broiler Chickens[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(5): 2496-2506.

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FHN评分 FHN score	股骨头损伤程度 Degree of femoral head injury	是否记为 FHN
0	股骨头形态正常，未见明显损伤	否
1	股骨头关节软骨与生长板分离	是
2	股骨头破裂，骨骺骨折	是

基因Genes	引物序列(5′ →3′) Primer sequences	产物长度/bp Prodduct length	登录号 Accession No.
Collagen-1	F: GTCATTCCACCCCACGTCAT R: GTCATTCCACCCCACGTCAT	164	NM_001396622
Runx2	F: TTCACAAGCATTTCATCCCTC R: TTGCGGACATACCCAGTGACA	118	NM_204128
Collagen-2	F: ACCTACAGCGTCTTGGAGGA R: ATATCCACGCCAAACTCCTG	155	NM_204426
Aggrecan	F: TGCAAGGCAAAGTCTTCTACG R: GGCAGGGTTCAGGTAAACG	248	NM_001396162
BMP2	F: TGGTGGAGGTGGTTCACTTGGA R: TCCCTTGCCATCATGCCCAAAC	140	NM_001398170
MMP13	F: AGAGACCCTGGAGCACTGATGT R: GGGATCTCTGTCTCCAGCACCA	120	NM_001293090
FASN	F: TGCTATGCTTGCCAACAGGA R: ACTGTCCGTGACGAATTGCT	128	NM_205155
SCD1	F: GATGTCATAGAGAAGGGCCAG R: GATTCATCCCAGAAGTACCAGG	149	DQ645535
GAPDH	F: GAACATCATCCCAGCGTCCA R: CGGCAGGTCAGGTCAACAAC	132	NM_204305

指标 Index	组别Group				P值 P value
指标 Index	CON	MP	MP+SAL	SAL	P值 P value
体重/g Weight	2 383.75±124.07^a	1 881.25±131.06^c	2 106.88±103.30^b	2 300.13±116.82^a	0.000
肝脏指数/% Liver index	2.43±0.20^ab	2.67±0.23^a	2.16±0.21^b	2.19±0.20^ab	0.000
脾脏指数/% Spleen index	0.16±0.02^a	0.15±0.02^a	0.14±0.01^a	0.15±0.01^a	0.231
法氏囊指数/% Bursae index of Fabricims icius	0.18±0.02^a	0.17±0.02^a	0.16±0.02^a	0.17±0.02^a	0.336
心脏指数/% Heart index	0.49±0.04^a	0.48±0.03^a	0.45±0.03^a	0.45±0.04^a	0.055

组别(n=8) Group	FHN评分FHN score			总数 Total	发生率/% Incidence rate
组别(n=8) Group	0	1	2	总数 Total	发生率/% Incidence rate
对照组CON	12	3	1	16	25.00
甲泼尼龙处理组MP	5	7	4	16	68.75
红景天干预组MP+SAL	9	5	2	16	43.75
红景天对照组SAL	14	1	0	16	6.67

样本Samle	指标Index	CON	MP	MP+SAL	SAL	P值P Value
胫骨 Tibia	重量/g	16.09±2.89^a	11.94±2.23^b	11.69±1.29^b	16.90±2.05^a	0.01
	长度/mm	104.54±3.73^a	93.26±5.27^b	93.56±4.11^b	105.36±3.22^a	＜0.01
	直径/mm	8.68±0.66^a	7.88±0.78^a	8.13±0.57^a	9.12±0.45^a	0.075
	骨矿物质含量/g	3.07±0.43^a	2.51±0.58^a	2.69±0.26^a	3.06±0.34^a	0.054
	骨密度/(g·cm^-2)	0.21±0.01^a	0.20±0.02^a	0.21±0.01^a	0.22±0.02^a	0.923
	刚度/(N·mm^-1)	90.83±11.78^a	60.56±10.00^b	78.61±7.44^a	91.77±10.42^a	＜0.01
	杨氏模量/GPa	1.32±0.11^a	0.86±0.18^b	1.03±0.14^b	1.31±0.10^a	＜0.01
	断裂载荷/N	250.87±42.78^a	143.59±32.56^b	185.09±42.48^b	268.5±34.81^a	＜0.01
	断裂应力/MPa	50.92±5.70^a	34.85±7.30^b	40.04±6.87^b	56.13±6.44^a	＜0.01
	断裂能/J	0.74±0.14^a	0.54±0.09^b	0.61±0.12^ab	0.76±0.12^a	0.010
股骨 Femur	重量/g	11.32±1.60^a	7.40±1.50^c	9.34±1.13^b	12.22±1.41^a	＜0.01
	长度/mm	73.88±1.39^a	62.96±4.71^b	69.19±5.03^a	75.25±2.54^a	＜0.01
	直径/mm	9.45±0.92^a	8.33±0.33^b	8.59±0.71^ab	10.08±1.07^a	0.012
	骨矿物质含量/g	1.94±0.36^a	1.60±0.43^a	1.62±0.27^a	2.12±0.33^a	0.122
	骨密度/(g·cm^-2)	0.20±0.02^a	0.20±0.03^a	0.20±0.02^a	0.21±0.02^a	0.984
	刚度/(N·mm^-1)	156.61±20.21^a	129.63±20.58^b	152.90±18.35^ab	171.07±24.39^a	0.002
	杨氏模量/GPa	0.75±0.13^a	0.48±0.11^b	0.65±0.05^a	0.77±0.10^a	＜0.01
	断裂载荷/N	272.69±26.88^a	170.73±21.75^c	212.46±22.64^b	279.01±20.90^a	＜0.01
	断裂应力/MPa	39.31±4.36^a	27.05±4.44^b	31.69±3.40^b	40.63±3.90^a	＜0.01
	断裂能/J	0.42±0.11^a	0.31±0.08^a	0.32±0.08^a	0.43±0.08^a	0.051