不同日龄宁乡猪肌肉脂质与VOCs特性比较及相关性研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.007

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 5414-5432.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.11.007

不同日龄宁乡猪肌肉脂质与VOCs特性比较及相关性研究

李华丽¹(), 刘莹莹¹, 崔清明¹, 邓缘¹, 赵小刚¹, 胡雄贵¹, 任慧波¹, 朱吉¹, 喻金娥², 张四阳², 曹丽华¹, 喻晓丹², 陈心怡², 陈宇¹, 彭英林¹^,*(), 陈晨¹^,*()

1. 湖南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 长沙 410131
2. 湖南流沙河花猪生态牧业股份有限公司, 宁乡 410600

收稿日期:2025-04-07 出版日期:2025-11-23 发布日期:2025-11-27
通讯作者: 彭英林,陈晨 E-mail:233751146@qq.com;13907487646@126.com;2004chch@163.com
作者简介:李华丽(1979-)，女，湖南资兴人，副研究员，博士，主要从事肉品质研究，E-mail: 233751146@qq.com
基金资助:
湖南省科技创新计划项目(YLS-2025-ZY04051；YLS-2025-ZY01002)；湖南省生猪产业技术体系(HARS-05)；湖南省重点研发计划项目(2023NK2007)；湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2022JJ30317)；湖南省重点实验室开放研究基金项目(2017TP1030)

Comparative Characteristics and Correlation Study of Lipid and VOCs in Muscle of Ningxiang Pigs at Different Ages

LI Huali¹(), LIU Yingying¹, CUI Qingming¹, DENG Yuan¹, ZHAO Xiaogang¹, HU Xionggui¹, REN Huibo¹, ZHU Ji¹, YU Jin'e², ZHANG Siyang², CAO Lihua¹, YU Xiaodan², CHEN Xinyi², CHEN Yu¹, PENG Yinglin¹^,*(), CHEN Chen¹^,*()

1. Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410131, China
2. Hunan Liushahe Ningxiang Pigs Ecological Husbandry Limited Company, Ningxiang 410600, China

Received:2025-04-07 Online:2025-11-23 Published:2025-11-27
Contact: PENG Yinglin, CHEN Chen E-mail:233751146@qq.com;13907487646@126.com;2004chch@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究不同日龄宁乡猪肌肉的脂质与挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compound, VOC)，比较不同日龄间的差异特性，并分析脂质与VOCs的相关性。本研究选取36头健康1日龄宁乡猪为试验对象，平均活重(0.98±0.09)kg，随机分成6组，每组6头，公母各半，各组分别饲养至60、120、180、240、300和360 d进行屠宰。屠宰后取左胴背最长肌样品，测定肌肉品质，运用高效液相色谱-质谱技术进行脂质组学分析，运用气相色谱-离子迁移谱联用(GC-IMS)技术进行风味组学分析。结果表明：宁乡猪60、120 d肌肉pH显著低于360 d(P < 0.05)；宁乡猪肉色L*值从240 d后显著减小(P < 0.05)，b*值从180 d后逐渐下降，60 d、120 d的a*值显著低于其它日龄(P < 0.05)；60 d剪切力显著低于其它日龄组(P < 0.05)，其它日龄组无显著差异(P>0.05)；滴水损失在240 d显著降低(P < 0.05)，随后日龄组无显著差异；肌内脂肪(IMF)含量随着日龄增长而增加，在240 d显著增加(P < 0.05)，随后IMF含量无显著差异。脂质组学鉴定到55个脂质亚类，共1 841个脂质分子；主成分分析(PCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)显示不同日龄组脂质可明显区分；生长期间，主要差异脂质甘油三酯(TG)、醚联磷脂酰胆碱(EtherPC)、醚联磷脂酰乙醇胺(EtherPE)、磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、甘油二酯(DG)、酰基肉碱(CAR)和鞘磷脂(SM)的百分含量峰值或谷值均在240 d；确定了50个潜在标志脂质(VIP>1, P < 0.05)，主要为PC、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)等磷脂，以及TG、脂肪酸(FA)、DG等亚类；富集到7条脂质代谢通路，其中甘油磷脂代谢通路最重要，其次为鞘脂代谢和醚脂代谢。60~360 d不同日龄组风味组学依次鉴定到24、31、34、57、37和36种已知VOCs，建立了不同日龄肌肉VOCs指纹图谱，不同日龄可明显区分，明确了癸醛、壬醛、己醛、1-戊烯-3-酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、乙酸乙酯和甲硫基丙醛等19种关键挥发性风味物质。脂质与VOCs相关性分析显示，磷脂、甘油酯与VOCs的相关性较强。宁乡猪随日龄增长，肉色越来越鲜红，从240 d开始肌肉持水性能更佳；TG、PC和PE可能是VOCs形成的关键脂质；确定240 d为肌肉风味品质的“窗口期”，本研究可为猪肉风味品质调控和优化屠宰日龄提供科学依据。

关键词: 宁乡猪, 脂质, 挥发性有机化合物, 相对气味活性值, 相关性

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the lipid and volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Ningxiang pigs across different growth stages and to analyze the correlation between lipids and VOCs.Thirty-six healthy one-day-old Ningxiang pigs (average live weight: 0.98±0.09 kg) were randomly allocated to 6 groups (n=6 per group, 1∶1 of male: female ratio). Each group was raised for 60, 120, 180, 240, 300, or 360 days prior to slaughter, respectively. Post-slaughter, samples of the left longissimus dorsi were collected for meat quality assessment. Lipid profiles were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and VOC profiles were analyzed using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS). The results indicated: Meat pH at 60 and 120 days was significantly lower than at 360 days (P < 0.05). The L* value (lightness) of meat color significantly decreased after 240 days (P < 0.05), while the b* value (yellowness) gradually decreased after 180 days. The a* value (redness) at 60 and 120 days was significantly lower than at other ages (P < 0.05). Shear force (indicating tenderness) was significantly lower at 60 days compared to other ages (P < 0.05), with no significant differences among other age groups (P>0.05). Drip loss significantly decreased at 240 days (P < 0.05) and remained stable thereafter. Intramuscular fat (IMF) content increased with age, showing a significant increase at 240 days (P < 0.05), with no significant differences observed in subsequent age groups. Lipidomics analysis identified 55 lipid subclasses comprising 1 841 lipid molecules. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed clear differentiation of lipid profiles among age groups. During the growth period, the peaks or troughs in the percentage contents of major differential lipid subclasses (triglycerides (TG), ether-linked phosphatidylcholine (EtherPC), ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamine (EtherPE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), diglycerides (DG), acylcarnitine (CAR), and sphingomyelin (SM)) all occurred at 240 d. Fifty potential lipid biomarkers (variable importance in projection (VIP) >1, P < 0.05) were identified, primarily phospholipids (PC, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)), along with TG, fatty acids (FA), and DG. Enrichment analysis highlighted 7 lipid metabolic pathways, with glycerophospholipid metabolism being the most significant, followed by sphingolipid and ether lipid metabolism. Flavoromics analysis identified 24, 31, 34, 57, 37, and 36 known VOCs in the 60-, 120-, 180-, 240-, 300-, and 360-day groups, respectively. VOC fingerprinting and PCA demonstrated distinct VOC profiles for each age group. Nineteen key volatile flavor compounds were identified, including decanal, nonanal, hexanal, 1-penten-3-one, 1-octen-3-ol, ethyl acetate, and methional. Correlation analysis revealed strong associations between VOCs and phospholipids/glycerides. As Ningxiang pigs aged, their meat color became increasingly bright red, and water-holding capacity improved significantly from 240 days. TG, PC, and PE were identified as key lipids potentially involved in VOC formation. The 240-day stage was determined to be the "window period" for optimal muscle flavor quality. This study provides a scientific basis for regulating pork flavor quality and optimizing the slaughter age of Ningxiang pigs.

Key words: Ningxiang pig, lipid, volatile organic compound, relative odor activity value, correlation

中图分类号:

S828.2

李华丽, 刘莹莹, 崔清明, 邓缘, 赵小刚, 胡雄贵, 任慧波, 朱吉, 喻金娥, 张四阳, 曹丽华, 喻晓丹, 陈心怡, 陈宇, 彭英林, 陈晨. 不同日龄宁乡猪肌肉脂质与VOCs特性比较及相关性研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(11): 5414-5432.

LI Huali, LIU Yingying, CUI Qingming, DENG Yuan, ZHAO Xiaogang, HU Xionggui, REN Huibo, ZHU Ji, YU Jin'e, ZHANG Siyang, CAO Lihua, YU Xiaodan, CHEN Xinyi, CHEN Yu, PENG Yinglin, CHEN Chen. Comparative Characteristics and Correlation Study of Lipid and VOCs in Muscle of Ningxiang Pigs at Different Ages[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(11): 5414-5432.

图/表 8

表 1

图 1

图 2

图 3

表 2

图 4

表 3

不同日龄宁乡猪肌肉VOCs相对含量与它们的ROAV"

序号 Number	VOCs	RI	气味阈值 /ppb Odor threshold	相对含量/% Relative content						ROAV
序号 Number	VOCs	RI	气味阈值 /ppb Odor threshold	60 d	120 d	180 d	240 d	300 d	360 d	60 d	120 d	180 d	240 d	300 d	360 d
醛类Aldehyde
1	癸醛Decanal	1 262.7	0.1	—	—	—	0.94±0.12	—	—	—	—	—	100.00	—	—
2	壬醛Nonanal	1 107.8	1.0	5.00± 0.72^a	3.73±0.24 ^bc	1.88± 0.69^d	3.44±0.53 ^bc	4.25± 0.91^ab	2.95±0.33 ^c	100.00	100.00	48.45	36.60	100.00	100.00
3	庚醛Heptanal	898.1	3.0	1.53± 0.56^a	0.87±0.12 ^b	0.47± 0.12^c	0.71±0.17 ^bc	0.85± 0.09^bc	0.71±0.30 ^bc	10.20	7.77	4.04	2.52	6.67	8.02
4	辛醛Octanal	1 003.7	0.7	2.15± 0.41^a	1.38±0.08 ^b	0.68± 0.25^d	0.79±0.10 ^cd	1.39± 0.11^b	1.06±0.22 ^c	61.43	52.85	25.04	12.01	46.72	51.33
5	5-甲基糠醛5-methylfurfural	962.6	20.0	—	—	—	2.83±0.32	—	—	—	—	—	1.51	—	—
6	己醛-M Hexanal-M	788.3	5.0	8.93±1.39 ^a	9.96± 3.20^a	2.02±1.04 ^c	4.13± 0.95^bc	9.86±1.48 ^a	5.64± 2.72^b	35.72	53.40	10.41	8.79	46.40	38.24
7	己醛-D Hexanal-D	787.3	5.0	2.63±0.97 ^bc	4.70± 3.03^ab	0.50±0.34 ^c	2.71± 1.13^bc	5.53±2.22 ^a	2.08± 1.63^c	10.52	25.20	2.58	5.77	26.02	14.10
8	3-甲基-2-丁烯醛 3-methyl-2-butenal	767.1	/	0.66±0.08 ^bc	0.54± 0.05^c	0.32±0.07 ^d	0.84± 0.13^ab	0.97±0.20 ^a	0.70± 0.21^bc	/	/	/	/	/	/
9	(E)-2-戊烯醛 (E)-2-pentenal	739.0	1 500.0	—	—	—	1.34±0.23 ^a	1.19± 0.39^ab	0.80±0.28 ^b	—	—	—	0.01	0.02	0.02
10	丁醛Butanal	587.5	9.0	0.53± 0.04	0.68±0.63	0.89± 0.39	0.59±0.18	0.97± 0.73	—	1.18	2.03	2.55	0.70	2.54	—
11	2-甲基丁醛 2-methylbutanal	653.4	1.0	0.82±0.12 ^b	1.10± 0.38^b	2.16±0.82 ^a	0.16± 0.03^c	1.23±0.56 ^b	0.76± 0.27^b	16.40	29.49	55.67	1.70	28.94	25.76
12	3-甲基丁醛 3-methylbutanal	644.2	1.1	—	0.54±0.14 ^b	4.27± 2.29^a	0.17±0.02 ^b	—	—	—	13.16	100.00	1.64	—	—
13	戊醛-M Pentanal-M	689.2	12.0	1.83±0.10 ^a	1.76± 0.27^a	0.73±0.21 ^c	0.81± 0.29^c	1.70±0.15 ^a	1.29± 0.33^b	3.05	3.93	1.57	0.72	3.33	3.64
14	(E)-2-己烯醛 (E)-2-hexenal	833.4	17.0	—	—	—	0.08±0.01	—	—	—	—	—	0.05	—	—
15	苯甲醛Benzaldehyde	955.7	750.9	0.51±0.09 ^a	0.45± 0.09^a	0.21±0.07 ^b	0.20± 0.03^b	0.26±0.02 ^b	0.25± 0.03^b	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.01
酮类Ketone
16	6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one	988.6	50.0	—	—	—	0.24 ±0.05	—	—	—	—	0.00	0.05	—	—
17	2-丁酮-M 2-butanone-M	567.6	50 000.0	7.45±1.22 ^a	6.67± 1.75^a	3.22±1.49 ^b	2.88± 1.12^b	4.34±0.34 ^b	3.93± 0.78^b	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
18	4-酮异佛尔酮 4-ketoisophorone	1 156.6	1 250.0	—	—	—	3.27±0.33	—	—	—	—	—	0.03	—	—
19	2-庚酮2-heptanone	889.6	140.0	0.95±0.12 ^c	1.23± 0.28^ab	0.65±0.10 ^c	0.84± 0.26^c	1.22±0.11 ^ab	1.50± 0.44^a	0.14	0.24	0.12	0.06	0.21	0.36
20	2-戊酮-M 2-pentanone-M	675.4	70 000.0	3.63±0.87 ^bc	4.40± 1.07^ab	2.62±0.77 ^cd	1.74± 0.35^d	4.14±1.33 ^b	5.50± 0.54^a	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
21	2-戊酮-D 2-pentanone-D	679.6	70 000.0	—	1.32±0.46 ^b	1.04± 0.64^b	0.83±0.44 ^b	1.54± 0.82^b	2.51±0.37 ^a	—	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
22	2-丙酮2-propanone	492.2	500 000.0	8.33±2.77 ^ab	9.67± 5.94^a	6.37±3.07 ^ab	3.96± 0.71^b	5.97±1.08 ^ab	7.14± 1.57^ab	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
23	3-羟基-2-丁酮-M 3-hydroxy-2-butanone-M	706.5	800.0	6.36±2.58 ^a	6.36± 3.33^a	6.95±3.01 ^a	3.08± 0.76^b	2.47±0.95 ^b	6.50± 1.46^a	0.16	0.21	0.22	0.04	0.07	0.28
24	3-羟基-2-丁酮-D 3-hydroxy-2-butanone-D	707.2	800.0	0.99±0.59 ^b	3.32± 3.73^b	11.73±3.6 ^a	0.94± 1.05^b	—	2.41±1.54 ^b	0.02	0.11	0.38	0.01	—	0.10
25	4-甲基-3-戊烯-2-酮4-methyl-3-penten-2-one	789.9	/	—	0.77±0.13 ^bc	0.55± 0.50^c	0.88±0.20 ^abc	1.52± 0.40^a	1.37±0.93 ^ab	—	/	/	/	/	/
26	1-戊烯-3-酮 1-penten-3-one	692.3	1.0	—	—	—	0.35±0.10	—	—	—	—	—	3.72	—	—
27	4-甲基-2-戊酮4-methyl-2-pentanone	729.1	170.0	—	0.89±0.22 ^b	0.24± 0.12^b	0.92±0.13 ^b	2.16± 0.37^a	2.29±1.16 ^a	—	0.14	0.04	0.06	0.30	0.46
醇类Alcohol
28	乙醇Ethanol	449.3	100 000.0	—	—	20.94± 7.40^a	15.39±10.33 ^ab	2.59± 0.45^c	6.36±6.93 ^bc	—	—	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
29	丙醇Propanol	535.0	9 000.0	—	—	0.95± 0.43	0.57±0.09	—	—	—	—	0.00	0.00	—	—
30	异丙醇2-propanol	495.3	9 787.9	0.75± 0.27^bc	1.18±0.33 ^b	0.50± 0.20^c	0.66±0.13 ^c	2.78± 0.44^a	2.61±0.62 ^a	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.01
31	1-丁醇1-butanol	647.1	500.0	2.75± 0.41^b	3.31±0.93 ^b	4.78± 1.80^a	0.74±0.08 ^c	2.25± 0.53^b	3.17±0.85 ^b	0.11	0.18	0.25	0.02	0.11	0.21
32	异丁醇Isobutanol	607.4	7 000.0	0.36± 0.09^c	0.47±0.17 ^bc	0.30± 0.10^c	0.55±0.21 ^bc	0.87± 0.35^a	0.73±0.15 ^ab	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
33	1-戊醇1-pentanol	756.8	4 000.0	0.54± 0.05^abc	0.57±0.06 ^ab	0.38± 0.04^c	0.67±0.26 ^a	0.67± 0.12^a	0.43±0.05 ^bc	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
34	异戊醇Isopentanol	726.2	250.0	—	—	—	0.43± 0.07	0.68±0.12	0.84± 0.52	—	—	—	0.02	0.06	0.11
35	1-己醇1-hexanol	867.1	2 500.0	0.76±0.04	0.63± 0.07	0.51±0.10	0.68± 0.38	0.88±0.32	1.11± 1.06	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.02
36	异己醇Isohexanol	827.3	/	—	—	—	0.12 ±0.03	—	—	—	—	—	/	—	—
37	2-丁氧基乙醇2-butoxyethanol	914.3	/	—	—	—	0.80±0.09	0.70± 0.09	0.68±0.21	—	—	—	/	/	/
38	1-辛烯-3-醇1-octen-3-ol	981.8	1.0	—	0.26±0.03 ^ab	0.14± 0.04^b	0.22±0.03 ^ab	0.30± 0.15^ab	0.34±0.27 ^a	—	6.97	3.61	2.34	7.06	11.53
酸类Acid
39	醋酸Acetic acid	579.1	22 000.0	0.97±0.09 ^ab	0.95± 0.17^ab	0.60±0.20 ^b	0.83± 0.43^ab	0.87±0.17 ^ab	1.63± 1.44^a	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
40	2-甲基丙酸-M 2-methylpropanoic acid-M	769.0	8 100.0	1.07±0.13 ^b	1.05± 0.10^b	0.66±0.17 ^b	4.94± 2.35^a	0.77±0.07 ^b	0.75± 0.14^b	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.00	0.00
41	2-甲基丙酸-D 2-methylpropanoic acid-D	770.3	8 100.0	—	—	—	1.18±1.23	—	—	—	—	—	0.00	—	—
42	己酸-M Hexanoic acid-M	987.3	3 000.0	—	—	—	5.12±1.83	—	—	—	—	—	0.02	—	—
43	己酸-D Hexanoic acid-D	987.3	3 000.0	—	—	—	0.33±0.10	—	—	—	—	—	0.00	—	—
酯类Ester
44	乙酸2-甲基丙酯-M 2-methylpropyl acetate-M	744.6	66.0	—	—	—	0.88±1.00	0.46± 0.09	—	—	—	—	0.14	0.16	—
45	乙酸2-甲基丙酯-D 2-methylpropyl acetate-D	743.2	66.0	—	—	—	0.37±0.55	—	—	—	—	—	0.06	—	—
46	丁酸异戊酯Isopentyl butanoate	1 085.4	/	—	—	—	11.6±1.18	—	—	—	—	—	/	—	—
47	乙酸乙酯-M Ethyl acetate-M	595.8	5.0	—	1.35±1.85	2.01± 0.85	1.27±0.68	2.75± 2.46	0.73±0.27	—	7.24	10.36	2.70	12.94	4.95
48	乙酸乙酯-D Ethyl acetate-D	598.0	5.0	—	0.98±0.49	4.56± 7.02	0.89±0.32	1.69± 1.17	—	—	5.25	23.51	1.89	7.95	—
49	2-甲基丁酸乙酯-M Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate-M	838.2	0.1	—	—	0.17±0.05	0.09± 0.04	—	—	—	—	43.81	9.57	—	—
50	乙酸异戊酯-M Isoamyl acetate-M	870.5	2.0	—	—	—	0.07±0.01	—	—	—	—	—	0.37	—	—
51	乙酸丁酯Butyl acetate	801.8	66.0	—	—	—	0.10±0.04	—	—	—	—	—	0.02	—	—
呋喃类Furan
52	2, 5-二甲基呋喃2, 5-dimethylfuran	701.9	/	—	—	—	0.43±0.17	0.57± 0.26	0.91±1.11	—	—	—	/	/	/
53	四氢呋喃-M Tetrahydrofurane-M	620.3	/	—	—	—	—	7.01±1.19	6.21± 0.93	—	—	—	—	/	/
54	四氢呋喃-D Tetrahydrofurane-D	619.6	/	—	—	—	—	2.67±0.68	1.91± 0.50	—	—	—	—	/	/
含硫化合物Sulfur compound
55	二烯丙基二硫-M Diallyl disulfide-M	1 060.8	30.0	—	—	—	6.10±0.62	—	—	—	—	—	2.16	—	—
56	二烯丙基二硫-D Diallyl disulfide-D	1 061.2	30.0	—	—	—	0.55±0.05	—	—	—	—	—	0.20	—	—
57	甲硫基丙醛Methional	905.0	0.2	—	—	—	0.20±0.05	—	—	—	—	—	10.64	—	—
其他化合物Other compound
58	柠檬烯Limonene	1 028.5	10.0	—	—	—	0.13 ±0.02	—	—	—	—	—	0.14	—	—
59	二甲胺Dimethylamine	586.4	33.0	1.23±0.12 ^ab	1.38± 0.13^a	0.78±0.35 ^c	0.32± 0.11^d	0.98±0.25 ^bc	1.08± 0.15^b	0.75	1.12	0.61	0.10	0.70	1.11

表 3

图 5

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项目Item	60 d	120 d	180 d	240 d	300 d	360 d
pH₁	6.54±0.20^bc	6.50±0.28^c	6.76±0.12^ab	6.68±0.18^abc	6.64±0.07^abc	6.78±0.11^a
pH₂₄	5.73±0.13^bc	5.72±0.12^bc	5.66±0.08^c	5.83±0.13^ab	5.91±0.16^a	5.93±0.04^a
L^*	46.42±0.98^a	46.59±1.59^a	44.33±2.49^ab	45.06±2.53^a	42.23±1.88^bc	41.27±1.31^c
a^*	7.22±0.92^b	7.11±1.23^b	8.81±1.12^a	8.96±1.33^a	9.51±0.87^a	8.78±1.02^a
b^*	6.65±0.61^a	5.11±0.77^bc	5.58±0.46^b	5.22±0.86^b	5.13±0.51^bc	4.43±0.31^c
嫩度/N Tenderness	25.72±5.20^b	37.76±8.10^a	37.10±5.44^a	44.30±25.36^a	45.06±8.25^a	47.71±4.79^a
滴水损失/% Drip loss	1.68±0.16^b	2.60±0.26^a	3.01±0.47^a	1.19±0.09^bc	1.15±0.33^bc	0.75±0.03^c
失水率/% Water loss rate	11.74±1.83^ab	11.17±1.27^ab	12.23±2.68^a	10.6±0.79^ab	10.17±1.01^ab	10.02±1.35^b
IMF/%	0.75±0.21^c	2.53±0.93^b	2.60±0.76^b	5.43±1.23^a	5.23±0.44^a	5.70±0.53^a

通路编号 Pathway ID	通路名称 Pathway name	二级分类 Secondary classification	差异代谢物数量 Counts of differential metabolites	通路重要性 Impact value	P 值 P-value
ssc00561	甘油酯代谢 Glycerolipid metabolism	脂质代谢 lipid metabolism	1	0	0.597 25
ssc00564	甘油磷脂代谢 Glycerophospholipid metabolism	脂质代谢 lipid metabolism	15	0.339 6	3.27×10^-14
ssc00565	醚脂代谢 Ether lipid metabolism	脂质代谢 lipid metabolism	3	0.190 4	0.059 30
ssc00590	花生四烯酸代谢 Arachidonic acid metabolism	脂质代谢 lipid metabolism	1	0.021 8	0.992 09
ssc00591	亚油酸代谢 Linoleic acid metabolism	脂质代谢 lipid metabolism	1	0.200 0	0.783 66
ssc00592	α-亚麻酸代谢 α-Linolenic acid metabolism	脂质代谢 lipid metabolism	1	0.124 9	0.754 78
ssc00600	鞘脂代谢 Sphingolipid metabolism	脂质代谢 lipid metabolism	4	0.250 1	0.027 77

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不同日龄宁乡猪肌肉脂质与VOCs特性比较及相关性研究

Comparative Characteristics and Correlation Study of Lipid and VOCs in Muscle of Ningxiang Pigs at Different Ages

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