

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 46-57.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.005
孟云龙1,2(
), 邓远坤1,2, 谭碧娥1,2, 王婧1,2(
)
收稿日期:2024-12-24
出版日期:2026-01-23
发布日期:2026-01-26
通讯作者:
王婧
E-mail:15838295579@stu.hunau.edu.cn;jingwang023@hunau.edu.cn
作者简介:孟云龙,硕士生,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究,E-mail:15838295579@stu.hunau.edu.cn
基金资助:
MENG Yunlong1,2(
), DENG Yuankun1,2, TAN Bi’e1,2, WANG Jing1,2(
)
Received:2024-12-24
Online:2026-01-23
Published:2026-01-26
Contact:
WANG Jing
E-mail:15838295579@stu.hunau.edu.cn;jingwang023@hunau.edu.cn
摘要:
胃肠道不仅是营养物质消化、吸收和代谢的主要场所,也是活性氧(ROS)产生的重要来源,同时也是ROS攻击的主要靶器官。肠道健康是动物生长的核心因素,是保证畜禽生产效率的重要条件。色氨酸作为一种必需氨基酸,经宿主-微生物协同代谢生成吲哚、犬尿氨酸及5-羟色胺等代谢产物,这些代谢产物通过与内源性配体结合,参与调节肠道中氧化应激反应和炎症损伤。本文综述了肠道中色氨酸的宿主和微生物代谢途径,并探讨了肠道色氨酸代谢产物调控氧化应激及损伤修复的生理功能以及益生菌、营养素补充等干预措施,以期对肠道氧化应激的营养调控研究提供参考。
中图分类号:
孟云龙, 邓远坤, 谭碧娥, 王婧. 色氨酸代谢产物调控肠道氧化应激研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026, 57(1): 46-57.
MENG Yunlong, DENG Yuankun, TAN Bi’e, WANG Jing. Research Progress on Tryptophan Metabolites in Alleviating Intestinal Oxidative Stress[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026, 57(1): 46-57.
图1
色氨酸代谢途径[36]TnaA. 色氨酸酶;ArAT. 芳香族氨基酸转氨酶;ILDH. 吲哚乳酸脱氢酶;ILD. 吲哚乳酸脱水酶;ACD. 酰基辅酶A脱氢酶Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase;TDO. 色氨酸2,3-双加氧酶;IDO. 吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶;AFMID. 芳犬尿氨酸甲酰胺酶;KAT. 犬尿酸氨基转移酶;KYNU. 犬尿氨酸酶;KMO. 犬尿氨酸-3-单加氧酶;HAAO. 3-羟基氨苯甲酸双加氧酶;5-HTPDC. 5-羟色氨酸脱羧酶;MAO. 单胺氧化酶;ALDH. 醛脱氢酶;AANAT. 芳基烷基胺N-乙酰基转移酶;ASMT. 乙酰血清素O-甲基转移酶。虚线箭头代表宿主代谢途径;实线箭头代表微生物代谢途径"
表1
色氨酸代谢产物结合受体调控肠道氧化应激与损伤修复"
受体 Receptor | 代谢产物 Metabolites | 调节方式 Regulatory methods | 参考文献 Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
芳香烃受体 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor | 犬尿氨酸 | 激活AhR下游Foxp3转录因子表达,诱导Treg细胞表达;缓解氧化应激造成的Treg细胞损失出现的免疫失衡,阻止肠道炎症发生 | [ |
| AA | 参与Nrf2信号转录途径,诱导HO-1表达,调控AhR抗氧化平衡 | [ | |
| IPA | 激活AhR调节肠道T细胞活性,减少炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β以及IL-6表达,调控肠道免疫屏障 | [ | |
| 色胺 | 激活AhR之后,减少Th17细胞以及RORγT细胞的数量,增加Treg细胞水平,减少炎症发生 | [ | |
| IALD | 可以抑制肌动蛋白激活,维持顶部连接复合物表达,调控肠道上皮通透性;结合AhR之后,诱导下游IL-22的表达,IL-22激活STAT通路抑制肠道炎症 | [ | |
| IPyA | 抑制肌动蛋白激活,维持顶部连接复合物表达,调控肠道上皮通透性 | [ | |
| ILA | 与AhR结合抑制炎症细胞因子IL-8以及TNF-α表达,上调IL-22的表达,缓解肠道炎症 | [ | |
| IAA | 调控Foxp3信号通路,诱导Treg细胞的表达;结合AhR后,促进下游CYP1A1、CYP1B1和RegIIIγ表达,与Occludin和ZO-1的表达呈正相关;显著抑制炎症细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α以及IL-6的表达,减轻炎症反应;激活AhR并通过NF-κB/MAPK信号通路减少Th17细胞水平,降低Th17细胞相关炎症因子IL-17、IL-6以及RORγt的表达;提高结肠IL-22分泌水平,并上调肠道紧密连接蛋白表达以缓解肠道损伤 | [ | |
5-羟色胺受体 6-5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor | 5-HT | 与5-HTR结合后,招募免疫细胞到肠道损伤或炎症部位,促进细胞因子、黏附因子释放;与5-HT4R结合,减少单核细胞TNF-α的释放 | [ |
孕烷X受体 Pregnane X receptor | IPA | 激活PXR之后,抑制TLR4/NF-κB信号通路,减少促炎细胞因子的释放,缓解炎症反应;激活PXR之后上调肠道紧密连接蛋白的表达、下调肠道中TNF-α表达,降低肠道通透性 | [ |
褪黑素受体 Melatonin receptor | 褪黑素 | 可直接进入线粒体内,清除线粒体中的ROS;提升抗氧化酶SOD、CAT等酶的活性,减少ROS水平;上调Nrf2信号通路,增加HO-1表达,增强肠道抗氧化能力;减少免疫细胞向炎症部位移动,降低IL-1β和TNF-β水平,抑制NLRP3表达,减轻炎症反应 | [ |
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