常山口服液治疗鸡球虫病的效果分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.04.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在验证常山口服液(Changshan Oral Liquid，CSL)的抗球虫疗效、最佳给药剂量和给药时间，以及为今后申报新兽药奠定基础，开展药物试验感染鸡治疗效果和临床病例治疗效果的分析。试验中健康雏鸡在无球虫条件下饲养至16日龄，随机分为健康对照组、感染对照组、妥曲珠利对照组以及常山口服液低中高3个剂量组(2.5、5.0和10.0 mL·L^-1饮水)，每组20只鸡。除健康对照组外，其余各组试验鸡每只人工感染6×10⁴ 个柔嫩艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊，攻虫24 h后开始给药，连用7 d；期间每天观察各组试验鸡临床表现(如精神、采食、饮水和粪便等)，如有死亡鸡应及时解剖，观察解剖学变化，计算抗球虫指数。临床病例治疗效果分析选取自然感染球虫的病鸡，分为常山口服液推荐剂量组(5.0 mL·L^-1饮水)和妥曲珠利对照组，连续给药4 d，观察药物对病鸡临床症状的改善情况，计算治愈率和有效率。结果显示：试验感染鸡治疗效果分析显示，常山口服液中、高剂量组具有良好的抗球虫效果，抗球虫指数分别为166.6和173.8，且对试验鸡具有较好的促生长效果(相对增重率为119.8%和101.6%)。临床病例治疗效果分析表明，常山口服液在推荐剂量下可有效治疗自然感染球虫的病鸡，治愈率和有效率分别为80.7%和96.7%。感染对照组鸡盲肠上皮细胞内可见较多球虫卵囊，组织内有大量炎性细胞和红细胞浸润；所有给药组鸡盲肠结构基本完整。试验结果提示，常山口服液作为一类纯中药制剂，具有绿色环保、抗球虫疗效好的特点，具有进一步研发成为新药的潜力。

关键词: 常山, 口服液, 鸡球虫病, 临床试验

Abstract: In order to verify anticoccidial effect, optimal dosage and medication days of Changshan Oral Liquid (CSL), and lay the foundation for the application of new veterinary drug in future, the therapeutic effect analysis of experimental infected chicks and clinical cases of CSL on chicken coccidiosis were carried out. Healthy chicks were raised to 16 days under non-coccidiosis condition, and were randomly divided into six groups: healthy control group, infected control group, toltrazuril control group, and low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group of CSL (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mL·L^-1 drinking water respectively), 20 chicks were assigned in each group. Except for healthy control group, the rest groups were artificially infected with 6×10⁴ sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) oocysts and the drugs were administered after 24 hours infection for 7 days. The clinical signs of chicks in each group were observed daily, such as spirit, feeding, drinking water and feces, etc. If there were dead chicks, they should be timely dissected to observe the anatomical changes, and anticoccidial index were calculated. Moreover, the chicks naturally infected with Eimeria oocysts were selected in the therapeutic effect analysis of clinical cases and divided into recommended dose group of CSL (5.0 mL·L^-1 drinking water) and toltrazuril control group, which were administered continuously for 4 days. The therapeutic effect analysis of experimental infected chicks showed that medium-dose and high-dose of CSL had good anticoccidial effect, anticoccidial index were 166.6 and 173.8 respectively. Besides, the doses above had good growth-promoting effect on chicks and relative weight gain were 119.8% and 101.6% respectively. The therapeutic effect analysis of clinical cases showed that CSL can effectively treat chicken coccidiosis. The cure rate and effective rate were 80.7% and 96.7% respectively. In the infected group, we found more Eimeria oocysts in cecal epithelial cells, lots of inflammatory cells and red blood cell in the tissues. In all drug groups, the chicken cecal structure were basically normal and intact. Our results suggest that CSL as a preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, has the characteristics of environmental protection and good anticoccidial effect, which has the potential to develop a new drug.

Key words: Radix dichroa, oral liquid, chicken coccidiosis, clinical trial

中图分类号:

S853.32

罗晓琴, 郭志廷, 王贺, 张景艳, 张康, 王磊, 马永华, 李建喜. 常山口服液治疗鸡球虫病的效果分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(4): 1747-1755.

LUO Xiaoqin, GUO Zhiting, WANG He, ZHANG Jingyan, ZHANG Kang, WANG Lei, MA Yonghua, LI Jianxi. The Therapeutic Effect of Changshan Oral Liquid on Chicken Coccidiosis[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(4): 1747-1755.

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