新城疫病毒M蛋白细胞核定位的机制与功能研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.04.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus，NDV）M蛋白一种非糖基化膜相关蛋白，主要位于病毒囊膜内表面，构成了病毒囊膜和核衣壳连接的支架。研究表明，M蛋白是一种细胞核-细胞质穿梭蛋白。在NDV感染早期，M蛋白可通过自身携带的核定位信号进入细胞核。根据已报道的相关RNA病毒M蛋白功能的研究结果，推测NDV M蛋白早期的细胞核定位有利于细胞质中病毒基因组的复制和转录，并且可能会抑制细胞基因的转录和蛋白质合成。目前，国内外对M蛋白的研究主要集中在M蛋白与NDV毒力和复制的关系以及以M蛋白为核心的病毒样颗粒形成机制和利用方面，而对M蛋白细胞核定位的机制和功能研究相对较少。鉴于M蛋白细胞核定位在NDV复制和致病过程中的重要作用，本文主要从NDV M蛋白的细胞定位特征、M蛋白细胞核定位的分子机制和功能方面进行阐述，以期为NDV M蛋白细胞核定位的功能及其作用机制研究提供理论参考。

关键词: 新城疫病毒, M蛋白, 细胞核定位, 核定位信号, 基因转录

Abstract: The M protein of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a non-glycosylated membrane-associated protein, which locates at the inner surface of NDV envelope and constitutes the bridge between the viral envelope and the nucleocapsid. Studies have demonstrated that the M protein is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein, and can localize in the nucleus via its intrinsic nuclear localization signal early in NDV infection. According to the reported functions of RNA viruses M protein, the early nuclear localization of NDV M protein may benefit for viral genome replication and transcription, and also inhibit cell gene transcription and protein synthesis. At present, numerous studies have focused on the relationship between M protein and NDV virulence and replication, and also the formation mechanism and utilization of M protein-based virus-like particles. However, there have little researches about the mechanism and function of M’s nuclear localization. Due to the crucial roles of M protein in the replication and pathogenicity of NDV, this summary mainly reviews the cellular localization characteristics of M protein and the molecular mechanism and function of M protein in the nucleus, which will provide theoretical references for further studying the nuclear localization functions and mechanisms of NDV M protein.

Key words: Newcastle disease virus, M protein, nuclear localization, nuclear localization signal, gene transcription

中图分类号:

段志强, 谢玲玲, 周迪, 王燕碧, 赵采芹, 唐宏. 新城疫病毒M蛋白细胞核定位的机制与功能研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(4): 891-898.

DUAN Zhiqiang, XIE Lingling, ZHOU Di, WANG Yanbi, ZHAO Caiqin, TANG Hong. Research Progress on the Mechanism and Function of Nuclear Localization of Newcastle Disease Virus M Protein[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(4): 891-898.

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