关键词: X-蛋白, 遗传多样性, 东亚和南亚固有绵羊, 系统发生基因标记

Abstract: The X-protein polymorphism of five Chinese native sheep populations including Hu sheep (Hu), Tong sheep (Tong), Tan sheep (Tan), Small-tailed Han sheep (Han) and Wadi sheep (WD) were determined using one-dimensional and horizontal starch gel electrophoresis, with other 10 Asian native sheep populations around China as the analyzed background. The result showed that an extreme significant difference in the frequency of the X allele coding dominantly for the X (+) type between the northern and southern populations of native east and south of Asia sheep divided by the boundary of the Himalaya Mountains was seen (P<0.01). The X allele frequency ranged from 0 to 0.18 with an average of 0.087 8 in the northern population examined, consisting of Small tailed Han sheep (Han), Bhutan sheep (Bhutan), Tong sheep (Tong), Hu sheep (Hu), Tan sheep (Tan), Wadi sheep (WD), Bhyanglung sheep (Bhy), Baruwal sheep (Bar), Yunnan sheep (Yunnan), Khalkhas sheep (Kh) and Ulaanbaatar sheep (Ub) belonging to the Tibetan and Mongolian sheep groups. In contrast, the frequency of the same allele was in the range of 0.203 7-0.465 5 and the mean frequency was 0.308 2 in the southern population tested, consisting of the Ban (Bangal sheep), Kagi (Kagi sheep), Lamp (Lampuchhre sheep), Cham (Vietnamese Cham sheep) and Mya (Myanmar sheep), which belong to the Indian sheep group. This finding suggests that the X allele appears to be an Indian sheep marker and is potenitially important in phylogenetic studies on native sheep populations, especially in east and south of Asia.

Key words: X-protein, genetic polymorphism, domestic sheep in East and South Asia, phylogenetic gene marker