基于转录组学和代谢组学研究调控驴背最长肌嫩度的分子机制

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在基于转录组与代谢组联合分析,探究驴肉嫩度的分子调控机制。本研究以30头生长环境和饲养条件相同、33~36月龄的雌性广灵驴为研究对象,进行剪切力和肌内脂肪含量的测定。依据剪切力和肌内脂肪含量选择出8头驴并将其分为高嫩度组(HT,n=4)与低嫩度组(LT,n=4),通过转录组和代谢组分析筛选差异表达基因和差异代谢物,之后联合KEGG富集分析,构建相关网络互作图。转录组结果表明,在HT组和LT组中共发现有1 253个差异表达基因,其中832个基因上调,421个基因下调。KEGG分析表明,差异表达基因主要富集在碳水化合物代谢、脂质代谢、内分泌系统、信号转导以及细胞过程等多种途径;代谢组结果表明,在HT组和LT组中鉴定出225个差异代谢物,其中上调的有154个,下调的有71个。KEGG通路分析表明,差异代谢物主要富集到碳水化合物代谢、脂质代谢、氨基酸代谢、核苷酸代谢以及信号转导等多个途径;联合分析表明,差异表达基因与差异代谢物显著富集在甘油磷脂代谢,磷酸戊糖途径,丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢,精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢以及胰高血糖素信号通路中。显著差异表达基因和代谢物在上述代谢通路中起到了关键调控作用,可作为驴肉嫩度的潜在候选基因及代谢物,为今后探究驴肉嫩度的分子调控机制和驴肉分子育种提供理论基础。

关键词: 广灵驴, 嫩度, 转录组, 代谢组, 联合分析

Abstract: The study aimed to explore the molecular regulation mechanism of donkey meat tenderness based on the joint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome. In this study, 30 female Guangling donkeys with the same growth environment and feeding conditions, aged 33 to 36 months, were used as the research object. Shear force and intramuscular fat content were measured, and 8 donkeys were selected based on the shear force and intramuscular fat content. The donkeys were divided into high tenderness group (HT, n=4) and low tenderness group (LT, n=4). Differentially expressed genes and metabolites were screened by transcriptome and metabolome analysis, and then combined with KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to construct the relevant network interaction map. The results of transcriptome indicated that a total of 1 253 differetially expressed genes were found in HT group and LT group, of which 832 genes were up-regulated and 421 genes were down-regulated. The results of KEGG analysis indicated that the differetially expressed genes were mainly enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, endocrine system, signal transduction and cellular processes. The metabolome showed that 225 differential metabolites were identified in HT and LT group, of which 154 were up-regulated and 71 were down-regulated. KEGG pathway analysis showed that differential metabolites were mainly enriched in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and signal transduction. Joint analysis showed that differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites were significantly enriched in glycero-phospholipid metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism and glucagon signaling pathway. Significant differentially expressed genes and metabolites played a key regulatory role in the above metabolic pathways, and can be used as potential candidate genes and metabolites for donkey meat tenderness, which lays a theoretical foundation for exploring the molecular regulation mechanism of meat tenderness and molecular breeding of donkey in the future.

Key words: Guangling donkey, tenderness, transcriptome, metabolome, combined analysis

中图分类号:

S822.2

李武峰, 关家伟, 邱丽霞, 孙瑜彤, 杜敏. 基于转录组学和代谢组学研究调控驴背最长肌嫩度的分子机制[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(3): 743-754.

LI Wufeng, GUAN Jiawei, QIU Lixia, SUN Yutong, DU Min. Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Regulating Tenderness of Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Donkey Based on Transcriptomics and Metabolomics[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(3): 743-754.

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