鸡木质化胸肌组织学特征及分子调控通路改变研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在探究鸡木质化胸肌与正常、白条纹以及木质肉白条纹共同发生胸肌的组织形态的量化差异以及分子调控通路改变。研究以42日龄快速型白羽肉鸡终端父系为素材,根据木质肉与白条纹的表观判断标准,筛选4组胸肌组织样本,分别为正常、木质肉、白条纹和木质肉白条纹共同发生组。对61个个体肌纤维组织形态指标进行统计和分析;依据表观评分和组织学统计结果挑选正常组和木质肉组进行mRNA转录组测序。组织学检测结果表明,木质肉组肌纤维面积、肌纤维直径和肌内膜厚度显著高于其它3组(P<0.05),木质肉组的肌纤维密度显著低于白条纹组和木质肉白条纹共同发生组(P<0.05)。转录组分析筛选出木质肉组相比正常组显著上调表达差异基因1 201个,无显著下调表达差异基因。通路富集发现,上调基因主要富集在与结缔组织增生相关的通路,包括间隙连接(gap junction)、黏着斑信号通路(focal adhesion)、基质受体相互作用(ECM-receptor interaction)和胶原纤维组织(collagen fibril organization)等。从富集通路中筛选与结缔组织增生等过程相关的基因进行实时荧光定量PCR验证,结果IGF1R、ITGB2、ITGA11、FMOD等基因在木质肉和正常组间差异表达趋势与转录组测序结果一致。综上,本研究报道了木质化胸肌相比正常组织,肌内膜厚度平均增高75%以上,且很可能与结缔组织增生通路基因改变相关,其中基因ITGA11和FMOD可作为木质化胸肌重要候选基因用于后期深入研究。

关键词: 肉鸡, 木质肉, 白条纹, 组织学特性, 转录组

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the quantitative differences in tissue morphology and molecular regulatory pathways alterations between the normal individuals and myopathies including wooden breast (WB) and white striping (WS) occur separately and concomitantly of chicken pectoralis major. The research based on the 42-day-old paternal line of the fast growing white feather broiler terminal. According to the apparent judgment criteria of wooden breast and white striping, 4 groups of pectoral muscle tissue samples were screened. The 4 groups were normal group, WB group, WS group, WB accompanied by WS group, respectively. Statistics and analysis of 61 individual myofiber tissue morphological indicators were conducted. According to the apparent judgment score and histological statistics, tissue samples were selected from the normal group and the wooden breast group for mRNA sequencing. The histological results showed that the area, diameter and endomysial thickness of myofibers in the WB group were significantly higher than those in the other 3 groups (P <0.05), while the density of myofibers in the WB group was significantly lower than that in the WS and WS+WB groups (P <0.05). Transcriptome analysis screened out 1 201 upregulated expression difference genes in the WB group compared with the normal group, and there was no significant downregulated expression difference gene. KEGG results showed that the upregulation genes were mainly enriched in connective tissue proliferation related pathways including gap junctions, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction and collagen fibril organization. Real-time PCR verification of genes related to processes such as connective tissue proliferation were screened from the enrichment pathways. The result showed that the expression trend of differentially expressed gene IGF1R, NOS2, ITGB2, ITGA11, FMOD and others were consistent with the transcriptome results between wooden breast and normal groups. In summary, this study report that the average endomysial thickness of normal individual is more than 75% higher than wooden breast of pectoral muscle, which is likely to be related to excessive proliferation of connective tissue. ITGA11 and FMOD can be used as candidate genes for myopathies pectoral muscle for later in-depth research.

Key words: broiler chicken, wooden breast, white striping, histological characteristics, transcriptome

中图分类号:

S831.2

白露, 王梦杰, 马小春, 何政肖, 孔富丽, 刘大伟, 营凡, 朱丹, 赵桂苹, 文杰, 刘冉冉. 鸡木质化胸肌组织学特征及分子调控通路改变研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(5): 1915-1926.

BAI Lu, WANG Mengjie, MA Xiaochun, HE Zhengxiao, KONG Fuli, LIU Dawei, YING Fan, ZHU Dan, ZHAO Guiping, WEN Jie, LIU Ranran. Study of the Alteration of Wooden Breast Histological and Molecular Regulatory Pathways in Chickens[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(5): 1915-1926.

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