体外对猪流行性腹泻病毒复制具有抑制效应的物质

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.06.005

Abstract

Abstract:

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a virus that causes acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and other symptoms in piglets. Due to its high incidence rate and high mortality, it has caused substantial economic losses to the global pig industry. Although vaccination is currently the most economical and effective measure for preventing porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), the frequent emergence of PEDV variants has resulted in poor immune protection from existing vaccines, making the development of effective antiviral drugs particularly urgent. In recent years, researchers have been dedicated to screening and evaluating substances with potential anti-PEDV activity, which mainly exert their effects by targeting the invasion, replication, or assembly processes of the virus, or by enhancing the host's immune response. This article provides an overview of the anti-PEDV effects and mechanisms of chemical drugs, natural products, and other biological agents, in order to provide new directions and ideas for the screening and research of anti-PEDV drugs.

Key words: porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, chemical drugs, natural products, biological agents

CLC Number:

S852.659.6

WANG Yunke, WANG Na, YUE Ke, HE Kunmiao, ZHANG Xing, LIU Yao, ZHANG Gaiping. Substances with Inhibitory Effects on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication in vitro[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(6): 2577-2589.

Figures/Tables 3

Table 1

Table 2

Natural products for anti-PEDV infection based on in vitro and in vivo models"

天然产物 Natural products	主要来源 Main source	分类 Classification	作用机制 Mechanism	参考文献 Reference
槲皮素 Quercetin	洋葱、西红柿、葡萄等	黄酮类	下调NF-κB信号和炎症因子水平；缓解PEDV引起的临床症状和肠道损伤；提高抗氧化能力	[27-29]
金丝桃苷 Hyperoside	山楂	黄酮类	抑制PEDV N和p53蛋白相互作用	[30]
葛根素 Puerarin	葛根	黄酮类	调节干扰素信号通路；抑制NF-κB通路；缓解PEDV感染引起的氧化应激	[31-33]
姜黄素 Curcumin	姜黄	黄酮类	增强Vero细胞抗病毒细胞因子	[34]
汉黄芩素 Wogonin	黄芩	黄酮类	抑制PEDV的进入、复制和释放阶段；体外直接灭活PEDV；抑制PEDV 3CLpro活性	[36]
黄芩苷 Baicalin	黄芩	黄酮类	抑制PEDV 3CLpro；抑制PEDV早期复制阶段	[37]
黄芩素 Baicalein	黄芩	黄酮类	抑制PEDV 3CLpro；抑制PEDV早期复制阶段；抑制PEDV吸附或进入阶段	[37]
木犀草素 Luteolin	金银花、菊花等	黄酮类	抑制PEDV 3CLpro；抑制PEDV进入、复制及释放阶段；抑制促炎细胞因子的产生	[38]
鞣花酸 Ellagic acid	桃金娘	酚酸类	改善PEDV感染导致的仔猪氧化应激和蛋白合成代谢紊乱；激活相关的干扰素途径	[39-41]
白藜芦醇 Resveratrol	桃金娘	酚酸类	抑制PEDV的复制	[39]
没食子酸 Gallic acid	桃金娘	酚酸类	抑制PEDV的复制	[39]
白皮杉醇 Piceatannol	桃金娘	酚酸类	抑制PEDV的复制	[39]
三乙酰白藜芦醇 Triacetyl resveratrol	虎杖、葡萄	酚酸类	诱导PEDV感染细胞的早期凋亡；激活线粒体相关的caspase途径	[42]
单宁酸 Tannic acid	五倍子、高粱、石榴等	酚酸类	抑制PEDV的吸附或入侵阶段；抑PEDV 3CLpro；改善肠道损伤；提高抗氧化能力	[43, 44]
没食子酸辛酯 Octyl gallate	茶叶、葡萄籽等	酚酸类	抑制PEDV 3CLpro；缓解PEDV引起的临床症状和肠道损伤	[45]
咔唑生物碱衍生物 Carbazole alkaloid derivatives	煤焦油和芸香科植物	生物碱	抑制PEDV的吸附阶段	[46]
苦参碱 Matrine	苦参	生物碱	抑制PEDV吸附和进入阶段；直接杀灭病毒粒子；激活MAPK信号通路促进细胞凋亡	[47]
去氢吴茱萸碱 Dehydroevodiamine	吴茱萸	生物碱	抑制PEDV的复制阶段；下调ERK1/2和MAPK通路	[48]
藜芦碱 Veratramine	藜芦	生物碱	抑制PEDV的进入阶段；抑制巨胞饮作用	[49]
益智果多糖3 Alpiniae oxyphyllae fructus polysaccharide 3	益智果	多糖类	抑制PEDV的进入阶段；降低胆固醇水平	[50]
马齿苋多糖 Portulaca oleracea polysaccharide	马齿苋	多糖类	抑制PEDV的吸附阶段；降低细胞因子IFN-α、TNF-α和IL-6蛋白含量	[51]
银杏叶外果皮多糖 Polysaccharide from Ginkgo biloba exocarp	银杏叶外果皮	多糖类	抑制PEDV的吸附和进入阶段；直接灭活PEDV粒子	[52]
胞外多糖 Extracellular polysaccharide	乳酸杆菌	多糖类	激活IFN-λ的表达；抑制PEDV的复制及其引发的炎症反应	[53]
茯苓多糖 Poria cocos polysaccharides	茯苓	多糖类	缓解炎性反应；缓解肠道损伤	[54]
甘草酸 Glycyrrhizin	甘草	萜类	通过HMGB1/TLR4-MAPK p38途径抑制PEDV感染；降低促炎细胞因子的表达水平	[55]
三萜类化合物6，9，11，13 Oleanane triterpenes 6，9，11，13	山茶花	萜类	抑制PEDV多个关键基因和蛋白质的合成	[56]
欧当归内酯A Levistolide A	川芎	丁基苯酞类	抑制PEDV的吸附和入侵阶段；诱导ROS的产生	[57]
月桂酸甘油酯 Monolaurin	椰子油和人母乳	脂肪酸	改善肠道功能；降低促炎细胞因子的表达；调节干扰素途径	[58]
蒲公英提取物 Dandelion extract	蒲公英	-	抑制PEDV的复制	[59]
黄芩提取物 Scutellaria baicalensis extract	黄芩	-	抑制PEDV的复制	[59]
金丝桃提取物 Hypericum japonicum extract	金丝桃	-	抑制PEDV的复制阶段；调节肠道菌群	[60]
泽漆水提取物 Euphorbia helioscopia water extract	泽漆	-	抑制PEDV的吸附和复制阶段	[61]
芦荟提取物 Aloe extract	芦荟	-	抑制PEDV的复制阶段；直接杀灭病毒粒子	[62]
甘草提取物 Licorice extract	甘草	-	抑制了病毒的吸附、入侵和复制阶段；缓解肠道病理损伤	[63]
马齿苋提取物 Portulaca oleracea L. extracts	马齿苋		下调细胞因子水平；抑制NF-κB信号通路	[64]
白头翁散煎剂发酵物 Fermented pulsatilla decoctio	-	-	加强肠道屏障功能；调整肠道微生态	[65]
理中汤 Lizhong decoction	-	-	减少细胞凋亡；缓解肠道病理损伤	[66]

Table 2

Fig. 1

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化学药物 Chemical drugs	分类 Classification	EC₅₀/(μmol·L^-1)	作用机制 Mechanism	参考文献 Reference
盐霉素 Salinomycin	抗生素	1.617	抑制PEDV的复制阶段；激活MAPK通路	[6-7]
两性霉素B Amphotericin B	抗生素	0.5/0.3	抑制PEDV入胞和细胞巨胞饮作用	[8]
松萝酸 Usnic acid	抗生素	-	抑制PEDV的复制阶段；抑制细胞的自噬过程	[9]
伊维菌素 Ivermectin	抗生素	7.05	抑制PEDV的释放阶段；诱导细胞周期阻滞	[10]
巴弗洛霉素A1 Bafilomycin A1	抗生素	-	抑制PEDV的复制	[11]
利福平 Rifampicin	抗生素	-	抑制PEDV的复制	[12]
瑞德西韦 Remdesivir	核苷类似物	11.97	抑制RdRp活性；最佳的给药方式为治疗性给药	[14-15]
莫诺拉韦 Molnupiravir	核苷类似物	12.30	抑制RdRp活性	[18]
烟酰胺 Nicotinamide	维生素类	-	通过激活ERK1/2/MAPK通路下调转录因子的表达	[19]
1, 25-二羟基维生素D₃ 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃	维生素类	-	通过ERK1/2信号通路；抑制NF-κB和JAK/STAT信号通路	[20-21]
金鸡宁 Cinchonine	抗疟药	-	通过诱导细胞自噬来抑制PEDV的复制	[22]
依福地平 Ifenprodil	二氢吡啶类	13/11	抑制PEDV的入胞阶段	[23]
氯化锂 Lithium chloride	抗糖尿病药	-	抑制PEDV诱导的细胞凋亡	[24]
氯硝柳胺 Niclosamide	抗蠕虫药	0.246	抑制PEDV的进入阶段	[25]

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Substances with Inhibitory Effects on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Replication in vitro

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