营养调控肠道免疫细胞活化机制研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.07.007

Abstract

Abstract:

The intestinal microenvironment is a microscopic internal environment composed of intestinal cells, microorganisms and their metabolites, which is crucial to the structure and function shaping of intestinal mucosal immune system. This paper systematically reviews the mechanisms of intestinal microenvironment nutrition metabolism affecting the fate of intestinal mucosal immune cells, in order to better understanding the intestinal microenvironment and intestinal immunity, and providing references for the treatment of intestinal health and related diseases.

Key words: intestinal microenvironment, immune cells, gut microbes, nutrient metabolism

CLC Number:

S815

Yunfang SONG, Hao CHENG, Luya FENG, Ping BAI, Yuankun DENG, Yaoyao XIA, Bi'e TAN, Jing WANG. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Nutrition Regulating Intestinal Immune Cell Activation[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(7): 2846-2858.

Figures/Tables 3

Table 1

Table 2

Fatty acids and carbohydrates regulate the fate of immune cells"

分类 Sort	营养代谢 Nutrient metabolism	免疫细胞 Immune cells	机制 Mechanism	亚型和功能 Subtypes and functions
脂肪酸 Fatty acid	脂肪酸 Fatty acid	T细胞 T cells	G蛋白偶联受体120-转化生长因子β激活激酶1- IκB激酶-核因子κB GPR120-TAK1-IKK-NF-κB	活化(-) Activation(-)
脂肪酸 Fatty acid	二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸 EPA、DHA		白细胞介素-6/糖蛋白130-信号转导子和转录激活子3 IL-6/gp130-STAT3	辅助性T细胞17(-) Th17(-)
单糖 Monose	果糖 Fructose	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	Toll样受体4-丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/核因子κb/Janus激酶3-信号转导子和转录激活子4 TLR4- MAPK/NF-κB/JAK3-STAT4	白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α IL-6、TNF-α
	葡萄糖 Glucose	T细胞 T cells	活性氧-转化生长因子-β-受体反应性 ROS-TGF-β-ROR	辅助性T细胞17(+) Th17(+)
		B细胞 B cells	哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白 mTOR	凋亡(+) Apoptosis(+)
		巨噬细胞 Macrophage	Toll样受体4-核因子κb/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK	白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(+) IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α(+)
多糖 Polysaccharide	岩藻聚糖 Fucosan	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	诱导型一氧化氮合酶-环氧化酶2 iNOS-COX-2	白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(-) IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α(-)
多糖 Polysaccharide	茯苓多糖 Pachymaran	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	Toll样受体4-髓样分化因子88/肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6 TLR4-MyD88/TRAF6	白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-17A、肿瘤坏死因子-α、干扰素-γ(+) IL-2、IL-6、IL-17A、TNF-α、IFN-γ(+)
	果胶 Pectin	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	Toll样受体2 TLR2	肿瘤坏死因子-α、干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-17(+) TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-17(+)
	果胶 Pectin		白细胞介素-22-芳香烃受体-白细胞介素-3 IL-22-AhR-IL-3	白细胞介素-10、白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-8、肿瘤坏死因子-α(-) IL-10、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α(-)
短链脂肪酸 SCFAs	短链脂肪酸 SCFAs	T细胞 T cells	G蛋白偶联受体43 GPR43	辅助性T细胞1、白细胞介素-10(+) Th1；IL-10(+)
	乙酸盐 Acetate		蛋白激酶S6K/核糖体S6蛋白-哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白-G蛋白偶联受体41/43 S6K/rS6-mTOR-GPR41/GPR43	辅助性T细胞1、辅助性T细胞17、白细胞介素-10(+) Th1、Th17；IL-10(+)
	丙酸盐 Propionate		G蛋白偶联受体6/组蛋白脱乙酰酶 G protein-coupled receptor 6/histone deacetylase	辅助性T细胞17、调节性T细胞(+) Th17、Tregs(+)
	丁酸盐 Butyrate	B细胞 B cells	芳香烃受体 AhR	调节性B细胞(+) Breg(+) 白细胞介素-10(+)，白细胞介素-17(-) IL-10(+)，IL-17(-)
			视黄酸受体 RAR	白细胞介素-10(+)，白细胞介素-17(-) IL-10(+)，IL-17(-)
		巨噬细胞 Macrophage	核苷酸结合寡聚蛋白3 NLRP3	活化(-)； Activation(-)

Table 2

Table 3

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氨基酸及其代谢产物 Amino acids and their metabolites	免疫细胞 Immune cells	机制 Mechanism	亚型和功能 Subtypes and functions
谷氨酰胺、亮氨酸、甲硫氨酸、精氨酸 Glutamine, leucine, methionine Acid, arginine	T细胞 T cells	哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白 mTOR	活化(+) Activation(+)
犬尿氨酸 Kynurenine	T细胞 T cells	芳香烃受体 AhR	调节性T细胞(+)、辅助性T细胞17(-) Treg(+), Th17(-)
吲哚乙酸 Indoleacetic acid	T细胞 T cells	芳香烃受体 AhR	调节性T细胞(+)、辅助性T细胞17(-) Treg(+)，Th17(-)
硫代半胱氨酸 Thiocysteine	B细胞 B cells	丙酮酸激酶同工酶2 PKM2	活化(+) Activation(+)
γ-氨基丁酸 GABA	B细胞 B cells	γ-氨基丁酸-γ-氨基丁酸受体-雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1 GABA-GABAR-mTORC1	IgA⁺ B细胞(+) IgA⁺ B cells
色氨酸 Tryptophan	B细胞 B cells	芳香烃受体 AhR	调节性B细胞(+)、白介素-10(+) Bregs(+), IL-10(+)
吲哚乙酸 Indoleacetic acid	B细胞 B cells	Toll样受体4-核因子κB TLR4-NF-κB	白介素-35(+) IL-35(+)
丝氨酸 Serine	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	p38依赖性Janus激酶-信号转导及转录激活蛋白 p38-JAK-STAT	M1巨噬细胞(+)、M2巨噬细胞(-) M1(+), M2(-)
谷氨酰胺 Glutamine	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	核因子κB NF-κB	M1巨噬细胞(-) M1(-)

营养素 Nutrient	免疫细胞 Immune cell	亚型和功能 Subtypes and functions
锌 Zinc	T细胞 T cells	辅助性T细胞1(+)、辅助性T细胞17(-)、调节性T细胞(-) Th1(+)，Th17(-)，Tregs(-)
锌 Zinc	B细胞 B cells	成熟(+)、凋亡(-) Maturation(+)，apoptosis(-)
硒 Selenium	T细胞 T cells	辅助性T细胞1、白细胞介素-12p40、干扰素-γ(+) Th 1，IL-12p40，IFN-γ(+)
硒 Selenium	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	M1巨噬细胞、白细胞介素-10(-) M1，IL-10(-)
铁 Iron	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	M1巨噬细胞 M1(-)
	T细胞 T cells	调节性T细胞(-) Tregs(-)
	B细胞 B cells	增殖、浆细胞(+) Proliferating, plasma cells(+)
维生素E Vitamin E	T细胞 T cells	白细胞介素-2/10、肿瘤坏死因子-α、干扰素-γ(+) IL-2，IL-10，TNF-α，IFN-γ(+)
维生素C Vitamin C	T细胞 T cells	增殖(+) Proliferating(+)
维生素C Vitamin C	B细胞 B cells	成熟(+) Maturation(+)
维生素B Vitamin B	树突细胞 Dendritic cell	白细胞介素-6/12/1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(+) IL-6，IL-12，IL-1β，TNF-α(+)
	T细胞 T cells	白细胞介素-4/5/9/13/17/33(-) IL-4，IL-5，IL-9，IL-13，IL-17，IL-33(-)
	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	M2巨噬细胞(+) M2(+)
维生素A Vitamin A	T细胞 T cells	调节性T细胞、辅助性T细胞17、白细胞介素-6(+)，辅助性T细胞2(-) Tregs，Th17，IL-6(+)，Th2(-)
维生素A Vitamin A	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	M1巨噬细胞(+) M1(+)
维生素D Vitamin D	巨噬细胞 Macrophage	M2巨噬细胞、白细胞介素-10(+)，肿瘤坏死因子-α(-) M2，IL-10(+)，TNF-α(-)

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Research Progress on the Mechanism of Nutrition Regulating Intestinal Immune Cell Activation

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