Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 2345-2356.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.06.007

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Pathogens, Diagnosis, and Prevention of Upper Respiratory Diseases in Cats

Fanyuan SUN1(), Yiting LIU1, Xinyi GUO1, Jiancai CHEN1, Huabo ZHOU2, Yifeng QIN1,3,4, Kang OUYANG1,3,4, Zuzhang WEI1,3,4, Weijian HUANG1,3,4, Ying CHEN1,3,4,*()   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
    2. Huabo Pet Hospital, Nanning 530004, China
    3. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning 530004, China
    4. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning 530004, China
  • Received:2023-09-11 Online:2024-06-23 Published:2024-06-28
  • Contact: Ying CHEN E-mail:fanyuansun@qq.com;yingchen@gxu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Feline upper respiratory disease (FURTD) is widely spread in cats, characterized by upper respiratory, oral, and eyes symptoms. There are various pathogens caused FURTD. Except for common pathogens such as feline calicivirus (FCV), feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1), Chlamydia felis (C.felis), Mycoplasma felis (M.felis), and Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb), there are still many other sporadic infections in clinical practice. Clinically, there are often cases of co-infection by multiple pathogens, and the continuous evolution easily leads to the increased pathogenicity and changes of tissue tropism. The complexity of this etiology often makes the prevention and treatment of FURTD more difficult. Meanwhile, due to the similar symptoms caused by many pathogenic infections in cats, it is not possible to accurately determine the cause of the case solely based on clinical symptoms. To understand the characteristics of different pathogens and master detection methods specific for different pathogens are important to rapidly diagnose and provide efficient treatment strategies specific for FURTD. At present, lots of cases of FURTD caused by different pathogens are reported frequently. The diagnostic methods, treatments, and vaccine development for FURTD haven't been yet mature. Here, this article will systematically clarify the FURTD-associated emerging and remerging pathogens, diagnostic methods, treatment methods, and prevention and control measures, aiming to provide more ideas for the prevention and treatment of FURTD.

Key words: feline upper respiratory tract disease, pathogen, mixed infection, diagnostic methods

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