动物皮肤伤口愈合的分子机制与创新治疗策略

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.09.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

皮肤伤口愈合是一个涉及炎症、组织再生和细胞外基质重塑的复杂生理过程，其失调可能导致疤痕增生或慢性溃疡，影响皮肤功能。本文综述了动物皮肤伤口愈合的分子机制，探讨了包括新型药物开发、改善药物传输、调控激素及外源信号、基因治疗和组织工程法在内的多种修复策略。这些方法通过改善药物传输、调控炎症反应、促进血管及组织再生，从而有效提升了伤口愈合效果。本研究旨在为未来动物皮肤伤口愈合提供新的视角，指出了潜在的研究思路和方向，以期开发出更高效、安全的治疗策略，改善动物的健康和福利。

关键词: 动物福利, 皮肤创伤, 伤口愈合, 分子机制, 治疗方法

Abstract:

Skin wound healing is a complex physiological process involving inflammation, tissue regeneration, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Dysregulation of this process can lead to excessive scarring or chronic ulcers, impairing skin function. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying wound healing in animal skin and explores various repair strategies, including novel drug development, enhanced drug delivery, regulation of hormones and external signals, gene therapy, and tissue engineering approaches. These methods improve wound healing outcomes by optimizing drug delivery, modulating inflammatory responses, and promoting vascularization and tissue regeneration. This study aims to provide new insights into animal skin wound healing, highlight potential research directions, and contribute to the development of safer and more effective therapeutic strategies to enhance animal health and welfare.

Key words: animal welfare, skin trauma, wound healing, molecular mechanisms, therapeutic approaches

中图分类号:

S857.5

余时隆, 岳潇雨, 栾悦, 王勤. 动物皮肤伤口愈合的分子机制与创新治疗策略[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(9): 4267-4278.

YU Shilong, YUE Xiaoyu, LUAN Yue, WANG Qin. Molecular Mechanisms and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Cutaneous Wound Healing in Animals[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(9): 4267-4278.

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表 1

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非编码RNA Non-coding RNA	靶向目标 Targeting	靶基因 Target gene	作用(通路) Role (pathway)	参考文献 Reference
circRNA_101238	miR-138-5p	CDK-6	促进瘢痕成纤维细胞凋亡Promoting apoptosis in scar fibroblasts	Yang等^[25]
circCOL5A1	miR-7-5p	Epac1	通过PI3K/Akt信号通路促进瘢痕疙瘩增殖Promoting keloid proliferation through the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway	Lv等^[26]
circRNA-MYLK	miR-29a	VEGFA	TGF-β信号通路，NF-κB信号通路和β联蛋白途径加快创面修复 TGF-β signalling pathway, NF-κB signalling pathway and β-linked protein pathway accelerate wound repair	Zhong等^[27]
circRNA_010567	miR-141	TGF-β1	促进胶原生成 Promotes collagen production	Zhou和Yu^[28]
circ-Amotl1	miR-17-5p	STAT3、 DNMT3A	增加细胞黏附、迁移、增殖、存活和伤口修复 Increases cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival and wound repair	Yang等^[29]
LncRNA FOXD2-AS1	miR-185-5p	ROCK2	促进角质形成细胞迁移和增殖 Promote migration and proliferation of keratinocytes	Chang等^[30]
HOTAIR	miR-126	VEGF	促进血管生成和伤口愈合Promotes angiogenesis and wound healing	Born等^[31]和 Jiang等^[32]
LncRNA HULC	miR-663b	TLR4	抑制皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖、侵袭和ECM合成Inhibition of proliferation, invasion and ECM synthesis in skin fibroblasts	Liu等^[33]
MALAT1	miR-124		激活Wnt/β-连环蛋白通路帮助伤口愈合 Activation of the Wnt/β-Cyclin pathway helps wound healing	He等^[34]
SCARNA2	miR-143-3p	ADD3	促进体外伤口愈合Promote wound healing in vitro	Xiong等^[35]
H19			NLRP3炎症小体途径NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle pathway	Yang等^[36]

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