发酵中草药饲料添加剂在畜禽生产中的研究应用进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.10.002

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (10): 4250-4262.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.10.002

发酵中草药饲料添加剂在畜禽生产中的研究应用进展

刘泽青¹^,²(), 耿怡雯³, 朱龙龙¹^,⁴, 马超³, 陈国顺³^,*(), 王晶¹^,⁵^,*()

1. 北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100097
2. 北京农学院动物科学技术学院, 北京 102206
3. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 兰州 730070
4. 河南科技大学动物科技学院, 洛阳 471023
5. 北京市农林科学院-美国俄克拉荷马州立大学动物科学联合实验室, 北京 100097

收稿日期:2023-11-13 出版日期:2024-10-23 发布日期:2024-11-04
通讯作者: 陈国顺,王晶 E-mail:Liuzeqing915@163.com;chengs@gsau.edu.cn;wangjing976119@163.com
作者简介:刘泽青(2000-), 女, 河北文安人, 硕士生, 主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究, E-mail: Liuzeqing915@163.com
基金资助:
北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20240339);“十四五”重点研发计划专项(2022YFD130040311);甘肃省重点研发计划(23YFNA002);国家自然科学基金(31972576);甘肃省科技专员(23CXGA0051)

Progress in Research and Application of Fermented Chinese Herbal Feed Additives in Livestock and Poultry Production

Zeqing LIU¹^,²(), Yiwen GENG³, Longlong ZHU¹^,⁴, Chao MA³, Guoshun CHEN³^,*(), Jing WANG¹^,⁵^,*()

1. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
5. Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences-Oklahoma State University Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing 100097, China

Received:2023-11-13 Online:2024-10-23 Published:2024-11-04
Contact: Guoshun CHEN, Jing WANG E-mail:Liuzeqing915@163.com;chengs@gsau.edu.cn;wangjing976119@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着饲料中抗生素类饲料添加剂的全面禁用，中草药饲料添加剂逐渐成为畜禽生产中替代抗生素的潜在产品。而中草药经过微生物发酵后，不仅能增加活性物质含量和中草药药效，还能产生新的活性成分，降低中草药毒副作用。将发酵中草药饲料添加剂添加到畜禽饲料中能够提高畜禽生产性能、改善健康状况、提升畜禽产品品质。本文归纳了发酵中草药的优点，讨论了发酵中草药饲料添加剂对动物生产的影响，并总结了中草药发酵饲料添加剂使用中存在的问题，以期为发酵中草药饲料添加剂在畜禽养殖中的研究和应用提供参考依据。

关键词: 发酵中草药, 饲料添加剂, 动物生产

Abstract:

With the comprehensive prohibition of antibiotic feed additives in livestock production, Chinese herbal feed additives have gradually become the potential alternative antibiotics. After microbial fermentation, Chinese herbal medicine not only can increase the content of active substances and enhance the efficacy, but also produce new active ingredients and reduce the toxic side effects of Chinese herbal medicine. Supplementation of fermented Chinese herbal medicine can improve the production performance, alleviate the health statues, and enhance the products quality of livestock animals. This review summarized the characteristics of the fermented Chinese herbal medicines, discussed the influence of fermented Chinese herbal feed additive on animal production, and explored the problems existing in its application. Hoping to provide reference for the research and application of fermented Chinese herbal feed additives in livestock and poultry production.

Key words: fermented Chinese herbal medicine, feed additives, animal production

中图分类号:

S815

刘泽青, 耿怡雯, 朱龙龙, 马超, 陈国顺, 王晶. 发酵中草药饲料添加剂在畜禽生产中的研究应用进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(10): 4250-4262.

Zeqing LIU, Yiwen GENG, Longlong ZHU, Chao MA, Guoshun CHEN, Jing WANG. Progress in Research and Application of Fermented Chinese Herbal Feed Additives in Livestock and Poultry Production[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(10): 4250-4262.

图/表 1

表 1

发酵中草药对畜禽生产的影响"

影响 Effect	中药种类 Types of traditional Chinese medicine	发酵菌种 Fermentative bacteria	研究对象/动物种类 Study objects/Animal species	主要结果 Main results		参考文献 References
影响 Effect	中药种类 Types of traditional Chinese medicine	发酵菌种 Fermentative bacteria	研究对象/动物种类 Study objects/Animal species	升高 Increase	降低 Decrease	参考文献 References
生产性能 Production performance	五味子、车前子、人参茎叶	乳酸菌	断奶仔猪	FW、ADG	F/G	[27]
	党参、黄芪、茯苓、白术、山楂等	乳酸菌、芽胞杆菌、酵母菌	三元杂交断奶仔猪	ADG、ADFI、	F/G	[28]
	黄芪、白术、陈皮、升麻、柴胡等	枯草芽胞杆菌、酵母菌	三元杂交育肥猪	ADG		[30]
	断肠草、山楂、神曲、黄芪	虫草真菌	三元杂交育肥猪	屠宰率、瘦肉率	背膘厚度	[31]
	人参、绞股蓝	双参发酵粉	母猪、仔猪	ADG、BW、WW、断奶窝重	预产期天数、产仔间隔时间	[32]
	党参、白术、白芍、茯苓	枯草芽胞杆菌	京红蛋鸡	产蛋率、蛋重	料蛋比	[33]
	大青叶、黄芪、紫锥菊等	枯草芽胞杆菌、柠檬酸杆菌	天府肉鸭	屠宰率、全净膛率、半净膛率、胸肌率	腹脂率	[35]
	黄芪	发酵黄芪粉	荷斯坦奶牛	ADFI、平均日产奶量	体细胞数	[36]
健康状况 Health Condition	杜仲、黄芪、山楂等	复合发酵剂	三元仔猪		腹泻率、死亡率	[38]
	板蓝根、黄芪、黄芩、金银花等	枯草芽胞杆菌	仔猪		腹泻率、死亡率	[39]
	党参、白术、茯苓、白芍	枯草芽胞杆菌	海兰灰蛋鸡	禽流感抗体水平、新城疫抗体水平		[41]
	黄柏、黄连、白头翁、秦皮等	干酪乳酸杆菌	仔猪	肠道绒毛高度	隐窝深度	[42]
	鳙鱼苍术根茎、马齿苋、白牡丹、甘草、黄芪等	地衣芽胞杆菌、酿酒酵母、丁酸梭菌	断奶仔猪	空肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、胰凝乳蛋白酶活性、α-淀粉酶活性、脂肪酶活性		[43]
	金银花、白头翁、苦参、黄芩、黄连等	乳酸菌、芽胞杆菌	乌骨鸡	有益菌群丰度	肠炎沙门菌丰度	[44]
	黄芪、甘草	乳酸菌、植物乳杆菌	817肉鸡	脾脏指数、法氏囊指数		[47]
	黄芪、板蓝根、淫羊藿等	乳杆菌、枯草芽胞杆菌、酵母菌	罗斯308肉鸡	IL-1β、IL-6、IgG、SOD、CAT、GSH-Px		[48]
	黄芪、党参、陈皮、香附、白芍等	酿酒酵母、乳酸菌	黄羽肉鸡	IL-10、IgA、IgM、IgY	IL-1β、IL-2、TNF-α	[50]
畜产品品质 Animal product quality	人参茎叶、玉竹、刺五加茶渣、灵芝子实体、黄芪等	植物乳杆菌、酶制剂	松辽黑猪	熟肉率、油酸	平均背膘厚	[53]
	熟地黄、山药、山萸	乳酸菌	蒙山黑山羊	熟肉率、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、pH_{24 h}	剪切力、失水率	[54]
	松针粉、苏子、贯众、山楂、神曲等	酿酒酵母、枯草芽胞杆菌、嗜酸乳杆酸菌	西门塔尔牛× 威宁黄牛杂交F1代	粗蛋白、系水率、剪切力、大理石评分		[55]
	蒲公英、甘草、益母草、赤小豆、黄连等	枯草芽胞杆菌、产朊假丝酵母	奶牛	乳脂、蛋白质		[56]
	黄芪、当归、白术、杜仲叶、党参等	酵母粉、乳酸菌	罗曼粉蛋鸡	蛋白高度、哈夫单位	沙壳蛋率	[57]
	杜仲叶	乳酸菌	海兰褐蛋鸡	高密度脂蛋白	TC、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白	[63]

表 1

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发酵中草药饲料添加剂在畜禽生产中的研究应用进展

Progress in Research and Application of Fermented Chinese Herbal Feed Additives in Livestock and Poultry Production

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