武汉地区犬乳腺肿瘤的临床病理特征与良恶性的相关性分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.09.036

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在统计、调查武汉地区犬乳腺肿瘤的临床病理特征(年龄、性别、品种、绝育情况、坏死灶数、出血灶数)并分析其与肿瘤良恶性的相关性。临床收集犬乳腺肿瘤208例并统计品种、性别、年龄、绝育情况等临床信息, 运用病理学方法进行组织学诊断后统计坏死灶和出血灶数, 用SPSS27.0进行相关性分析。结果显示, 武汉地区208例乳腺肿瘤患犬均为雌性, 发病年龄1~15岁, 平均发病年龄9.7岁, 易发品种为贵宾犬和杂交犬, 未绝育的犬更易发病。病理组织学诊断结果显示, 乳腺肿瘤良恶比接近1∶1, 其中, 良性肿瘤高发类型为混合瘤和复杂瘤, 恶性肿瘤高发类型为导管癌和混合癌, 出血、坏死在恶性肿瘤中更加常见。经相关性分析可知患犬年龄与恶性肿瘤类型(P=0.016)、出血灶数(P < 0.01)、坏死灶数(P < 0.01)相关, 出血灶数与坏死灶数(P < 0.01)相关。年龄、坏死灶数和多灶性出血可作为犬乳腺肿瘤良恶性的独立影响因素。年龄大的犬发生乳腺肿瘤时易出现坏死和出血, 年龄、坏死灶数、多灶性出血可作为诊断恶性肿瘤的临床病理特征, 为临床诊断提供了一定的参考。

关键词: 犬乳腺肿瘤, 临床病理特征, 出血, 坏死, 相关性分析

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinico-histopathological traits (age, sex, breed, sterilization, number of necrotic lesions, number of hemorrhagic lesions) of canine mammary tumors in Wuhan area and to analyze their correlation with benign and malignant tumors. Two hundred and eight cases cases of canine mammary tumors were clinically collected and clinical information such as breed, gender, age, and sterilization status were collected. Pathological methods were used for histological diagnosis, and the number of necrotic and hemorrhagic lesions was counted. Correlation analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0. The results showed that 208 cases of mammary tumor in dogs in Wuhan area were all females, with an onset age ranging from 1 to 15 years old, with an average onset age of 9.7 years old. The most susceptible breeds were Poodle and hybrid dogs, and unsterilized dogs were more susceptible to the disease. The pathological diagnosis results show that the benign to malignant ratio of mammary tumors is close to 1∶1. The high incidence types of benign tumors are mixed tumors and complex tumors, while the high incidence types of malignant tumors are ductal cancer and mixed tumors. Bleeding and necrosis are more common in malignant tumors. After correlation analysis, it was found that the age of the affected dog was correlated with the type of malignant tumor (P=0.016), the number of bleeding lesions (P < 0.01), and the number of necrotic lesions (P < 0.01). The number of bleeding lesions was correlated with the number of necrotic lesions (P < 0.01). Age, number of necrotic lesions, and multifocal bleeding can be independent influencing factors for the malignancy of canine mammary tumors. Older dogs are prone to necrosis and bleeding when developing mammary tumors. Age, number of necrotic lesions, and multifocal bleeding can serve as clinico-histopathological traits for diagnosing malignant tumors, providing a certain reference for clinical diagnosis.

Key words: canine mammary tumor, clinico-histopathological traits, bleeding, necrosis, correlation analysis

中图分类号:

S857.4

张诣, 徐婕, 宋晓愿, 周世伟, 滕雨萌, 刘晓丽, 程国富, 谷长勤, 张万坡, 胡薛英. 武汉地区犬乳腺肿瘤的临床病理特征与良恶性的相关性分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(9): 4121-4130.

Yi ZHANG, Jie XU, Xiaoyuan SONG, Shiwei ZHOU, Yumeng TENG, Xiaoli LIU, Guofu CHENG, Changqin GU, Wanpo ZHANG, Xueying HU. Clinico-histopathological Traits of Canine Mammary Tumors in Wuhan Area and Their Correlation with Benign and Malignant Tumors[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(9): 4121-4130.

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肿瘤类型 Types	组织学分类 Histological classification	病例数 Numbers	总计 Total	发病率/% Morbidity
增生 Hyperplasia	乳腺增生 Lobular hyperplasia	10	10	4.81
良性肿瘤 Benign	腺瘤 Adenoma	7	104	50
	导管腺瘤 Ductal adenoma	21
	复杂腺瘤 Complex adenoma	29
	混合瘤 Benign mixed tumor	35
	肌上皮瘤 Myoepithelioma	3
	纤维瘤 Fibroadenoma	3
	导管内乳头状瘤 Intraductal papillary adenoma	6
恶性肿瘤 Malignant	导管癌 Ductal carcinoma	18	94	45.19
	管状癌 Tubular carcinoma	11
	混合癌 Mixed carcinoma	20
	复杂癌 Complex carcinoma	7
	粉刺癌 Comedocarcinoma	6
	实体癌 Solid carcinoma	1
	鳞癌 Squamous cell carcinoma	7
	恶性肌上皮瘤 Malignant myoepithelioma	6
	癌肉瘤 Carcinosarcoma	2
	骨肉瘤 Osteosarcoma	7
	纤维肉瘤 Fibrosarcoma	4
	软骨肉瘤 Chondrosarcoma	1
	脂肪肉瘤 Liposarcoma	1
	癌和恶性肌上皮瘤 Carcinoma and malignant myoepithelioma	1
	筛状癌 Cribriform carcinoma	1
	导管内乳头状癌 Intraductal papillary carcinoma	1
总计 Total		208	208	100

类型 Types	品种 Breed	年龄 Age	绝育 Sterilization	出血灶 Bleeding foci	坏死灶 Necrotic foci
良性肿瘤分类 Histological classification of benign tumors
恶性肿瘤分类 Histological classification of malignant tumors		0.016
品种 Breed
年龄 Age				< 0.01	< 0.01
绝育 Sterilization
出血灶 Bleeding foci					< 0.01

类型 Types	β值 β value	S.E.	Wald值 Wald value	OR值 OR value	95%CI	P值 P value
年龄 Age	0.803	0.381	4.455	2.233	1.059~4.710	0.035
无坏死 Nonnecrosis			22.812			< 0.01
单灶性坏死 Single focal necrosis	1.627	0.800	4.138	5.088	1.061~24.398	0.042
多灶性坏死 Multifocal necrbsis	3.293	0.695	22.453	26.918	6.895~105.098	< 0.01
无出血 Asbleeding			7.848			0.020
单灶性出血 Single focal bleeding	-1.738	1.238	1.969	0.176	0.016~1.992	0.161
多灶性出血 Multifocal bleeding	1.499	0.693	4.685	4.479	1.152~17.410	0.03
常量 Constant	-4.184	0.948	19.485	0.015		< 0.01

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