

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 6191-6203.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.022
刘彬1(
), 朱康平1, 周程鹏2,3,4, 周立新5, 薛佳5, 沈林園2,3,4, 甘麦邻2,3,4, 朱砺2,3,4,*(
)
收稿日期:2025-05-16
出版日期:2025-12-23
发布日期:2025-12-24
通讯作者:
朱砺
E-mail:13018240830@163.com;zhuli7508@163.com
作者简介:刘彬(1994-),男,四川德阳人,硕士,主要从事猪遗传育种研究,E-mail:13018240830@163.com
基金资助:
LIU Bin1(
), ZHU Kangping1, ZHOU Chengpeng2,3,4, ZHOU Lixin5, XUE Jia5, SHEN Linyuan2,3,4, GAN Mailin2,3,4, ZHU Li2,3,4,*(
)
Received:2025-05-16
Online:2025-12-23
Published:2025-12-24
Contact:
ZHU Li
E-mail:13018240830@163.com;zhuli7508@163.com
摘要:
旨在评估体细胞克隆技术(SCNT)在托佩克E系超级公猪快速扩群中的应用效果。本研究以12头超级公猪为供体,进行细胞分离培养、冻存和扩增传代培养出1 100个胚胎并移植至6头母猪,最终4头分娩29头仔猪(克隆效率2.63%),并对克隆猪与非克隆猪的生长发育、精液品质及所配母猪繁殖性能进行比较分析。结果,克隆猪与供体正常后代在生长发育上无显著差异,克隆猪在精液体积((188.17±49.27)mL)和有效精子数((486.35±159.56)亿)相较于供体同胞后代和供体半同胞无显著差异(P>0.05),配种后的母猪繁殖性能无明显差异,且SNP检测证明克隆猪与供体基因不一致率均在0.14%以下,表明遗传信息来源于供体。综上,克隆猪相较于供体后代繁殖性能和生长性能无明显差异,SCNT技术可有效用于超级公猪扩群生产。
中图分类号:
刘彬, 朱康平, 周程鹏, 周立新, 薛佳, 沈林園, 甘麦邻, 朱砺. 基于体细胞克隆的超级公猪快速扩繁技术的效果评价分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(12): 6191-6203.
LIU Bin, ZHU Kangping, ZHOU Chengpeng, ZHOU Lixin, XUE Jia, SHEN Linyuan, GAN Mailin, ZHU Li. Analysis on the Effect of Rapid Population Expansion of Excellent Boars Based on Somatic Cell Cloning[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(12): 6191-6203.
表 1
筛选优异供体信息表"
| 序号 Serial number | 供体公猪耳号 Donor boar ear number | 料肉比 Feed-gain ratio | 100 kg体重校正日龄/d 100 kg body weight corrected age | 选择凭据 Select credentials |
| 1 | XYDKH01032 | 2.79 | 111.02 | 100 kg日龄 |
| 2 | XYDKH01442 | 2.08 | 112.76 | 100 kg日龄 |
| 3 | XYDKH01133 | 2.01 | 113.03 | 100 kg日龄 |
| 4 | XYDKH01425 | 2.06 | 113.26 | 100 kg日龄 |
| 5 | XYDKH01137 | 1.97 | 113.38 | 100 kg日龄、料肉比 |
| 6 | XYDKH01029 | 2.23 | 114.49 | 100 kg日龄 |
| 7 | XYDKH01354 | 2.15 | 114.99 | 100 kg日龄、血缘存栏少 |
| 8 | XYDKH01131 | 2.26 | 115.33 | 100 kg日龄 |
| 9 | XYDKH01364 | 2.19 | 117.48 | 100 kg日龄、血缘存栏少 |
| 10 | XYDKH01355 | 2.22 | 119.17 | 100 kg日龄、血缘存栏少 |
| 11 | XYDKH01072 | 1.95 | 121.46 | 料肉比 |
| 12 | XYDKH01427 | 1.95 | 124.22 | 料肉比 |
表 3
克隆胚胎分配信息表"
| 代孕母猪耳号 Surrogate sow ear number | 供体名称及胚胎数目/个 Donor name and number of embryos | 移植胚胎总数/个 Total number of embryos transferred | 妊娠结果 Pregnancy outcome |
| FHSCG13901 | XYDKHO1029 (85) XYDKHO1425 (97) | 182 | 返情 |
| FHSCG13155 | XYDKHO1032 (87) XYDKHO1427 (97) | 184 | 分娩 |
| FHSCG12969 | XYDKHO1137 (94) XYDKHO1072 (92) | 186 | 分娩 |
| FHSCG12915 | XYDKHO1442 (82) XYDKHO1355 (106) | 188 | 分娩 |
| FHSCG13788 | XYDKHO1131 (84) XYDKHO1364 (96) | 180 | 分娩 |
| FHSCG13181 | XYDKHO1133 (93) XYDKHO1354 (87) | 180 | 返情 |
表 4
克隆猪产仔信息"
| 代孕母猪耳号 Surrogate sow ear number | 总仔数/头 Total litter size | 活仔数/头 Number of live births | 健仔数/头 Number of healthy piglets | 弱仔数/头 Number of weak piglet | 死胎数/头 Number of still birth | 活仔率/% Live piglet percent | 健仔率/% Healthy rate |
| FHSCG12915 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 83.33 | 66.67 |
| FHSCG13788 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 87.50 | 62.50 |
| FHSCG13155 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 100.00 | 50.00 |
| FHSCG12969 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 77.78 | 33.33 |
| 总计Total | 29 | 25 | 15 | 10 | 4 | 86.21 | 51.72 |
表 5
克隆猪与对应供体SNP分型不一致率"
| 克隆个体 Clone individual | 与供体不一致率/% The rate of inconsistency with the donor | 与供体不一致位点数 Number of loci inconsistent with the donor | 位点总数 Total number of loci |
| 2_1 | 0.11 | 64 | 567 98 |
| 2_2 | 0.11 | 63 | 567 95 |
| 2_3 | 0.11 | 63 | 568 05 |
| 2_4 | 0.11 | 64 | 568 01 |
| 1_3 | 0.12 | 69 | 567 91 |
| 1_4 | 0.12 | 68 | 567 78 |
| 1_6 | 0.12 | 69 | 567 95 |
| 1_1 | 0.13 | 71 | 567 90 |
| 4_1 | 0.12 | 69 | 567 96 |
| 4_4 | 0.12 | 70 | 567 97 |
| 4_5 | 0.12 | 67 | 567 88 |
| 4_6 | 0.12 | 70 | 568 08 |
表 6
克隆猪及非克隆猪精液质量数据(201~300 d)"
| 分组 Grouping | 数量/次 Quantity | 体积/mL Volume | 密度/(亿·mL-1) Density | 活力 Vitality | 畸形率/% Teratological rate | 有效精子/亿 Effective sperms |
| 克隆猪Clone porcine | 70 | 188.17±49.27ab | 3.52±0.87a | 81.13±2.11b | 8.23±1.77 | 486.35±159.56ab |
| 供体同胞后代 Donor compatriots offspring | 30 | 193.87±64.48ab | 2.92±0.89b | 84.20±1.61a | 7.90±1.97 | 438.60±184.19ab |
| 供体半同胞 Donor half-siblings | 6 | 208.17±67.86a | 3.34±1.37ab | 86.67±5.16a | 12.00±3.10 | 494.70±173.45a |
| 同品系Congenic strains | 1 245 | 168.26±55.93b | 3.10±1.23b | 84.41±3.34a | 8.17±2.18 | 388.12±166.64b |
表 7
克隆猪及非克隆猪精液质量数据(301~400 d)"
| 分组 Grouping | 数量/次 Quantity | 体积/mL Volume | 密度/(亿·mL-1) Density | 活力 Vitality | 畸形率/% Teratological rate | 有效精子/亿 Effective sperms |
| 克隆猪Clone porcine | 103 | 223.01±54.31a | 3.03±1.17c | 83.52±2.78c | 8.16±1.87 | 489.14±148.66b |
| 供体同胞后代 Donor compatriots offspring | 69 | 199.62±49.43b | 2.99±0.75c | 87.39±1.98a | 7.41±1.82 | 470.13±121.21b |
| 供体半同胞 Donor half-siblings | 71 | 214.21±61.73ab | 4.14±1.17a | 81.77±3.68d | 11.18±2.51 | 628.82±229.81a |
| 同品系Congenic strains | 893 | 195.95±57.34c | 3.40±1.18b | 86.03±3.12b | 8.14±2.49 | 501.44±161.53b |
表 8
克隆猪及非克隆猪精液质量数据(401~500 d)"
| 分组 Grouping | 数量/次 Quantity | 体积/mL Volume | 密度/(亿·mL-1) Density | 活力 Vitality | 畸形率/% Teratological rate | 有效精子/亿 Effective sperms |
| 克隆猪Clone porcine | 90 | 229.58±65.93ab | 2.88±1.19b | 85.00±2.49b | 8.68±2.26b | 495.18±184.78b |
| 供体同胞后代 Donor compatriots offspring | 34 | 208.50±61.18b | 3.05±0.72b | 87.29±1.88a | 6.68±1.98a | 499.76±131.47b |
| 供体半同胞 Donor half-siblings | 68 | 244.44±69.44a | 4.73±1.51a | 83.32±4.29c | 10.07±0.61a | 844.98±294.05a |
| 同品系Congenic strains | 164 | 208.10±60.58b | 3.10±1.07b | 86.36±2.75a | 7.49±2.33a | 491.07±146.12b |
表 9
克隆猪及对照组配种母猪妊娠情况统计"
| 分组 Grouping | 数量/窝 Quantity | 分娩率/% Birth rate | 流产率/% Abortion ratio | 返情率/% Re-service rate | 空怀率/% Empty rate | 死淘率/% Death rate |
| 克隆猪Clone porcine | 827 | 81.02 | 2.78 | 5.80 | 8.59 | 1.81 |
| 供体同胞Donor compatriots | 297 | 74.07 | 2.69 | 7.07 | 13.47 | 2.69 |
| 供体同胞后代Donor compatriots offspring | 3 456 | 86.55 | 1.42 | 3.36 | 7.18 | 1.50 |
表 10
克隆猪及对照组配种母猪生产情况统计"
| 分组 Grouping | 数量/窝 Quantity | 畸形数/头 Number of deformity | 总仔数/头 Total litter size | 活仔数/头 Number of live births | 健仔数/头 Number of healthy piglets | 弱仔数/头 Number of weak births |
| 克隆猪Clone porcine | 647 | 0.03±0.26 | 12.89±2.87 | 12.13±2.89b | 11.41±2.57a | 0.70±1.02a |
| 供体同胞Donor compatriots | 220 | 0.02±0.22 | 12.81±2.85 | 11.98±2.75b | 11.15±2.56b | 0.81±1.13a |
| 供体同胞后代 Donor compatriots offspring | 766 | 0.01±0.10 | 13.20±2.32 | 12.30±2.57a | 11.83±2.32a | 0.45±0.97b |
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