新疆地区牛冠状病毒的分子流行病学调查

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.022

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 5125-5133.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.12.022

新疆地区牛冠状病毒的分子流行病学调查

王梦娇¹, 蒋倩¹, 马学军³, 夏瑞阳¹, 郭雪萍¹, 孙磊¹, 钟旗⁴, 马雪连^1,2*, 姚刚^1*

1. 新疆农业大学动物医学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
2. 新疆农业大学畜牧学博士后流动站, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
3. 新疆昌吉市二六工镇农业(畜牧业)发展服务中心, 昌吉 831100;
4. 新疆畜牧科学院兽医研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830099

收稿日期:2023-02-05 出版日期:2023-12-23 发布日期:2023-12-26
通讯作者: 姚刚,主要从事动物保健与畜产品质量安全研究,E-mail:yg@xjau.edu.cn;马雪连,主要从事动物保健与畜产品质量安全研究,E-mail:1016685239@qq.com
作者简介:王梦娇(1996-),女,山东阳谷人,硕士,主要从事病原微生物研究,E-mail:1922521998@qq.com;蒋倩(1998-),女,重庆人,硕士,主要从事预防兽医学研究,E-mail:JQ682008@163.com。
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2021A02003-1);新疆维吾尔自治区乡村振兴企业科技行动计划(2023NC203)

Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of Bovine Coronavirus in Calf Diarrhea in Main Cattle Producing Areas of Xinjiang

WANG Mengjiao¹, JIANG Qian¹, MA Xuejun³, XIA Ruiyang¹, GUO Xueping¹, SUN Lei¹, ZHONG Qi⁴, MA Xuelian^1,2*, YAO Gang^1*

1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Postdoctoral Research Station of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
3. Agriculture (Animal Husbandry) Development Service Center, Erliugong Town, Changji City, Xinjiang, Changji 831100, China;
4. Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830099, China

Received:2023-02-05 Online:2023-12-23 Published:2023-12-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 牛冠状病毒(bovine coronavirus,BCoV)是造成犊牛腹泻的主要病原之一。新疆养牛业发展迅速,国内外引入品种数量日益增多,BCoV感染呈上升态势,但对其流行现状与规律缺乏全面了解。本研究于2020—2022年对新疆南、北疆养牛业主产区BCoV感染的流行情况进行了两年跟踪调查,共采集犊牛腹泻粪样本652份,采用RT-PCR方法进行了BCoV检测。对分离鉴定到的毒株进行了遗传进化分析。结果发现,BCoV总阳性率23.93%(156/652)。BCoV感染呈季节性变化,冬季为主要感染季节,检出率高达50.85%。南疆地区BCoV发病率高于北疆地区。与奶用犊牛相比,肉用犊牛更易感染。遗传进化分析表明:本试验分离到的BCoV毒株暂命名为BCoV/China/XJ-CJ/2022,该毒株的S基因与2018年毒株MN982199.1进化关系最近,N基因与2018年毒株MK095169.1BCOV-China/SWUN/LN4/2018进化关系最近,M基因与2017年毒株MK095148.1 China/SWUN/SC1/2017进化关系最近,HE基因与2017年毒株MK095136.1 BCOV-China/SWUN/SC2/2017进化关系最近。使用软件分析BCoV/China/XJ-CJ/2022与其它国家出现的BCoV毒株之间未出现基因重组现象。经5个结构蛋白的核苷酸和氨基酸相似性分析,发现其基因依然与中国国内本土毒株FJ938064.1_E-AH187-TC相似度最高,分别最低达到91.50%和96.70%。调查结果表明,BCoV在新疆规模化牛场呈现出的季节、地域和品种间的感染差异性可为精准防控策略的制定提供数据支撑。

关键词: 牛冠状病毒, 分子流行病学, 遗传进化分析

Abstract: Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is one of the major pathogens causing diarrhea in calves. With the rapid development of cattle production in Xinjiang and the increase number of introduced cattle breeds, BCoV infection is on the rise, but there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of its epidemiological status and patterns. In this study a two-year follow-up survey from 2020 to 2022 on the prevalence of BCoV infection was conducted in the main cattle production areas of Xinjiang. In total 652 fecal samples of diarrhea calves were collected and tested for BCoV by RT-PCR. Genetic evolution analysis was performed on the isolated and identified strains. The results indicated that, the total positive rate of BCoV was 23.93% (156/652), in which it varied seasonally, with the peak in the winter being as high as 50.85%. The incidence of BCoV was higher in the southern than in the northern Xinjiang. Compared with dairy calves, meat calves were more susceptible to infection. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the S gene of BCoV/China/XJ-CJ/2022 isolated in this experiment was most closely in relation to the 2018 strain MN982199.1, the N gene was in relation to the 2018 strain MK095169.1 BCOV-China/SWUN/LN4/2018, the M gene was in relation to the 2017 strain MK095148.1 China/SWUN/SC1/2017, and the HE gene was in relation to the 2017 strain MK095136.1 BCOV-China/SWUN/SC2/2017. There was no genetic recombination occurred between BCoV/China/XJ-CJ/2022 and the BCoV strains from other countries. After nucleotide and amino acid similarity analysis of five structural proteins, the results showed that the genes were still the most similar to the local strain FJ938064.1_E-AH187-TC in China, reaching the lowest 91.50% and 96.70%. The results suggested that the seasonal, geographical and interbreed variability of BCoV infection in the scaled cattle farms in Xinjiang could provide data support for the development of the accurate prevention strategies.

Key words: bovine coronavirus, molecular epidemiology, genetic evolutionary analysis

中图分类号:

S852.653

王梦娇, 蒋倩, 马学军, 夏瑞阳, 郭雪萍, 孙磊, 钟旗, 马雪连, 姚刚. 新疆地区牛冠状病毒的分子流行病学调查[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(12): 5125-5133.

WANG Mengjiao, JIANG Qian, MA Xuejun, XIA Ruiyang, GUO Xueping, SUN Lei, ZHONG Qi, MA Xuelian, YAO Gang. Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of Bovine Coronavirus in Calf Diarrhea in Main Cattle Producing Areas of Xinjiang[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(12): 5125-5133.

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新疆地区牛冠状病毒的分子流行病学调查

Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of Bovine Coronavirus in Calf Diarrhea in Main Cattle Producing Areas of Xinjiang

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