母猪添加益生菌和合生元对子代巴马香猪肌肉脂肪酸组成及相关基因表达的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.06.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究母体添加益生菌和合生元对子代肌肉脂肪酸组成及相关基因表达的影响。选用64头妊娠巴马香猪,随机分为对照组(基础饲粮)、抗生素组(50 g·t^-1维吉尼亚霉素)、益生菌组(200 mL·d^-1益生菌发酵液)和合生元组(500 g·t^-1低聚木糖+200 mL·d^-1益生菌发酵液),整个妊娠和哺乳期饲喂相应试验饲粮。断奶后每窝选取2头接近平均体重的仔猪,每组32头,饲喂基础饲粮。于125日龄每组选取8头,采集股二头肌和腰大肌样品,测定中长链脂肪酸组成和相关基因的表达。结果表明:与对照组相比,抗生素组股二头肌二十碳二烯酸的含量显著增加(P<0.05)、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(SCD)和胆固醇调节原件结合蛋白1(SREBP-1)表达显著上调(P<0.05);益生菌组股二头肌和腰大肌十七碳酸的含量显著减少(P<0.05),股二头肌激素敏感脂酶(HSL)和腰大肌过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)表达显著上调(P<0.05);合生元组股二头肌亚油酸、二十碳一烯酸和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著减少(P<0.05),腰大肌过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPARα)表达显著上调(P<0.05);抗生素和益生菌组股二头肌二十碳酸的含量显著减少(P<0.05),股二头肌PPARα、腰大肌脂肪甘油三酯脂酶(ATGL)和脂肪酸结合蛋白4(FABP4)表达显著上调(P<0.05);益生菌和合生元组腰大肌肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1(CPT-1)和脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)表达显著上调(P<0.05);三个试验组股二头肌反式油酸的含量显著减少(P<0.05),ATGL、FABP4和LPL表达显著上调(P<0.05)。综上所述,母体添加益生菌和合生元可改变子代肌肉的中长链脂肪酸组成、调控脂质代谢相关基因表达,有利于猪肉营养价值和风味的改善;添加抗生素可改善肌肉脂肪酸的组成。

关键词: 巴马香猪, 益生菌, 合生元, 中长链脂肪酸, 脂质代谢

Abstract: The present study was aimed to determine the effects of maternal addition with probiotics and synbiotics on muscular fatty acid composition and related gene expression of offspring. A total of 64 pregnant Bama mini-pigs were selected and randomly divided into control (antibiotic-free basal diet), antibiotic (50 g·t^-1 virginiamycin), probiotics (200 mL·d^-1 probiotic mixture), and synbiotics (500 g·t^-1 xylo-oligosaccharide + 200 mL·d^-1 probiotics mixture) groups. The sows were fed with their corresponding experimental diets during pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, two piglets per litter (32 piglets per group) were selected and fed with a basal diet. At 125 days of age, 8 pigs per group were selected and their biceps femoris (BF) and psoas major (PM) muscles were sampled to determine medium- and long-chain fatty acid composition and related gene expressions. Results showed that, compared with the control group, the C20:2 content in BF muscle was significantly increased (P<0.05) and the expression of stearyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) and sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) in BF muscle were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05) in the antibiotic group. In the probiotics group, the C17:0 content in BF and PM muscles were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) in BF muscle and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in PM muscle were up-regulated (P<0.05). In the synbiotics group, the content of C18:2n6c, C20:1, and n-6 PUFA in BF muscle were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression of PPARα in PM muscle was significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). In the antibiotic and probiotics groups, the C20:0 content of BF muscle was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the expression of PPARα in BF muscle, triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) in PM muscle were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05). The expression of carnitine palmityl transferase 1 (CPT-1) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in PM muscle were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05) in the probiotics and synbiotics groups. In the antibiotic, probiotics and synbiotics groups, the C18:1n9t content in BF muscle was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression of ATGL, FABP4, and LPL in BF muscle were up-regulated (P<0.05). In conclusion, maternal addition with probiotics and synbiotics could alter offspring’s muscular fatty acid composition by regulating the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, which are beneficial to improve the nutrition value and flavor of meat. In addition, maternal antibiotic addition could improve offspring’s muscular fatty acid composition.

Key words: Bama mini-pigs, probiotics, synbiotics, medium- and long-chain fatty acid, lipid metabolism

中图分类号:

S828.91

祝倩, 程雅婷, 李锐煊, 李宸健, 刘雅婷, 孔祥峰. 母猪添加益生菌和合生元对子代巴马香猪肌肉脂肪酸组成及相关基因表达的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(6): 2458-2467.

ZHU Qian, CHENG Yating, LI Ruixuan, LI Chenjian, LIU Yating, KONG Xiangfeng. Effects of Probiotics and Synbiotics Addition to Sows’ Diet on Fatty Acid Composition and Related Gene Expression in Muscle of Offspring Bama Mini-Pigs[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(6): 2458-2467.

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