蒙古马不同耐力运动水平的血浆代谢组特征研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.05.012

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 1442-1454.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2022.05.012

蒙古马不同耐力运动水平的血浆代谢组特征研究

魏睿元¹, 赵一萍¹, 白东义¹, 韩海格¹, 王希生¹, 阿娜尔¹, 乌英嘎¹, 芒来^1*, 李旭东²

1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院马属动物研究中心农业农村部马属动物遗传育种与繁殖科学观测实验站内蒙古自治区马属动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018;
2. 北京军区红山军马场, 赤峰 025377

收稿日期:2021-11-24 出版日期:2022-05-23 发布日期:2022-05-25
通讯作者: 芒来,主要从事马属动物种质资源创新与遗传改良研究,E-mail:dmanglai@163.com
作者简介:魏睿元(1986-),男,陕西渭南人,博士生,主要从事分子数量遗传与马育种研究,E-mail:rui-yuan@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31960657)；国家自然科学基金(国际合作)项目(3191101008)；内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发资金项目(2019GG242)

Plasma Metabolomics Features of Mongolian Horses with Different Endurance Exercise Levels

WEI Ruiyuan¹, ZHAO Yiping¹, BAI Dongyi¹, HAN Haige¹, WANG Xisheng¹, Anaer¹, BOU Wuyingga¹, MANG Lai^1*, LI Xudong²

1. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Equine Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
2. Hongshan Horse Field of Beijing Military Region, Chifeng 025377, China

Received:2021-11-24 Online:2022-05-23 Published:2022-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在应用核磁共振(¹H-NMR)技术研究蒙古马耐力训练前后血浆代谢组变化特征。本研究选取6匹去势蒙古马：年龄(5.33±0.82)岁、体高(136.83±0.75) cm、体长(143.33±2.58) cm、胸围(157.17±2.04) cm、管围(18.45±0.27) cm，进行15及30 km步法为快步的耐力运动训练，采集其训练前后共计24份血液样本。采用氢质子共振频率600.13 MHz的Bruker AV III核磁共振谱仪测定血浆代谢物谱图信息。通过R语言偏最小二乘判别(PLS-DA)程序包及SPSS 20.0软件一维方差分析检验，鉴别组间代谢模式及差异代谢标志物。结果表明，在蒙古马15和30 km两次运动前后血浆代谢物中共发现47种差异代谢物，其中15 km运动前后鉴定出21个差异代谢物，运动后发现乙醇、甘露糖下降，葡萄糖、乙酰乙酸、丙酮酸、乳酸、肌酐、甘油、缬氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、异丁酸、蛋氨酸、2-羟基异丁酸、O-乙酰肉碱、3-羟基异丁酸、3-甲基-2-氧代戊酸、3-羟基异戊酸升高。30 km运动前后鉴定出10个差异代谢物，运动后发现乙醇、葡萄糖、赖氨酸、甘氨酸、脯氨酸、谷氨酰胺、τ-甲基组氨酸、缬氨酸下降，甲醇、肌酸升高。对15 与30 km运动后进行比较发现，丙氨酸、柠檬酸、乙酸、赖氨酸、丙二酸、丙酮、2-羟基异戊酸、2-羟基异丁酸、泛酸、甜菜碱、异丁酸下降，乳酸、二甲基砜、丙酮酸、N-苯乙酰甘氨酸、马尿酸盐、甲醇、3-羟基异戊酸升高。在蒙古马15和30 km两次运动前后血浆代谢物中共发现47种差异代谢物，且两次运动前后的差异代谢物类别存在明显不同。蒙古马30 km负荷以脂肪酸有氧代谢为主方式供能，而15 km负荷以糖酵解无氧代谢为主的方式供能，酮体代谢是能量供应模式转换的过渡性阶段。本研究结果为我国耐力型运动马的训练及选育工作提供了理论依据。

关键词: 蒙古马, 耐力运动, 代谢组, ¹H-NMR

Abstract: In this study, plasma metabolomics change features of Mongolian horses before and after endurance exercise were analyzed by ¹H-NMR technology. Six castrated Mongolian male horses, whose age, body height, body length, heart girth, cannon circumference were (5.33±0.82) years, (136.83±0.75) cm, (143.33±2.58) cm, (157.17±2.04) cm, (18.45±0.27) cm, respectively, were selected to do the endurance exercise of 15 and 30 km by trot pace. In total, 24 blood samples from the 6 Mongolian horses were collected before and after 15 and 30 km distance training, respectively. The spectrum information of plasma metabolite were measured by Bruker AV III ¹H-NMR spectrometer with the resonance frequency of 600.13 MHz. The metabolic patterns and differential metabolic markers between groups were identified using PLS-DA package of R programme and one-dimensional ANOVA test of SPSS 20.0 software, respectively. The results showed that 47 distinct plasma metabolites were identified in 6 Mongolian horses before and after two different loads (15 and 30 km) of exercise. In which, 21 differential plasma metabolites were observed before and after 15 km loading exercise. After 15 km loading exercise, the metabolite concentration of ethanol and mannose decreased; However, the metabolite concentration of glucose, acetoacetate, pyruvate, lactate, creatinine, glycerol, valine, alanine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, threonine, isobutyrate, methionine, 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, O-acetylcar-nitine, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, 3-methyl-2-oxovalerat and 3-hydroxyisovalerate increased. Ten differential plasm metabolites were detected before and after 30 km loading exercise. After 30 km loading exercise, the metabolite concentration of ethanol, glucose, lysine, glycine, proline, glutamine, τ-methylhistidine and valine decreased; The metabolite concentration of methanol and creatine increased. Comparison of the metabolite concentration after 15 and 30 km loading exercise showed that alanine, citrate, acetate, lysine, malonate, acetone, 2-hydroxyisovalerate, 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, pantothen, betaine and isobutyrate decreased, lactate, dimethyl sulfone, pyruvate, N-phenylacetylglycine, hippurate, methanol and 3-hydroxyisovalerate increased. In total, 47 distinct plasma metabolites were identified and the types of differential metabolites were significantly different in 6 Mongolian horses before and after 15 and 30 km exercise. The energy supply mode of the 30 km exercise in Mongolian horses is mainly aerobic metabolism of fatty acids, whereas, that of the 15 km exercise is mainly anaerobic metabolism of glycolysis, while ketone body metabolism was a transitional stage of energy supply mode conversion. The results provided a theoretical basis for the training and breeding of endurance racehorses in China.

Key words: Mongolian horse, endurance exercise, metabolomics, ¹H-NMR

中图分类号:

S821.2

魏睿元, 赵一萍, 白东义, 韩海格, 王希生, 阿娜尔, 乌英嘎, 芒来, 李旭东. 蒙古马不同耐力运动水平的血浆代谢组特征研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2022, 53(5): 1442-1454.

WEI Ruiyuan, ZHAO Yiping, BAI Dongyi, HAN Haige, WANG Xisheng, Anaer, BOU Wuyingga, MANG Lai, LI Xudong. Plasma Metabolomics Features of Mongolian Horses with Different Endurance Exercise Levels[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(5): 1442-1454.

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蒙古马不同耐力运动水平的血浆代谢组特征研究

Plasma Metabolomics Features of Mongolian Horses with Different Endurance Exercise Levels

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