澳洲和牛超数排卵与体内胚胎生产的影响因素研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.02.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究不同发育阶段（青年和经产牛）、同期方法、促卵泡素（follicle-stimulating hormone，FSH）剂量、超排次数等因素对澳洲和牛供体超数排卵（简称超排）和体内胚胎生产效率的影响。本试验共选用38头青年和牛（16~20月龄）和42头经产和牛（胎次=1）进行超排处理，分别统计每头供体牛回收的总胚胎数、可用胚胎数、不同等级胚胎数以及不可用胚胎数，然后分别根据不同发育阶段、同期方法、FSH剂量以及超排次数对各试验组的超排效率、胚胎生产等数据进行比较分析。结果表明：1）经产牛的超排有效率（（95.46±2.58）%）显著高于青年牛（（77.55±6.02）%）（P<0.05），胚胎总数（12.30 vs 10.37枚）、可用胚胎数（8.97 vs 7.66枚）、A级胚胎数（3.86 vs 2.50枚）均高于青年牛，但组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；2）超排前不同同期处理方法（自然发情、PG和埋植CIDR）的超排有效率差异不显著，但是自然发情组供体牛头均可用胚胎总数（（11.22±2.33）枚）显著高于PG处理组（（6.09±1.05）枚）（P<0.05）；3）不同剂量FSH可显著影响供体的超排效率和头均不可用胚胎数，青年牛120 mg FSH组的超排有效率（（55.56±17.57）%）显著低于200 mg FSH （（88.00±6.63）%）和220 mg FSH组（（73.33±11.82）%）（P<0.05），经产牛220 mg FSH组的头均不可用胚胎数（（2.28±0.65）枚）显著低于250 mg FSH组（（5.00±1.38）枚）（P<0.05）；4）超排次数显著影响青年牛超排有效率和经产牛头均不可用胚胎数，青年牛第一次超排有效率（（70.27±7.62）%）显著低于第二次超排有效率（100%）（P<0.05），经产牛第二次超排回收的不可用胚胎数（（4.44±0.92）枚）显著高于第一次超排（（2.39±0.40）枚）（P<0.05）。因此，在华北地区现有的生产管理水平下，和牛超排供体宜选用经产母牛，超排处理FSH总剂量宜为240 mg，这对和牛体内胚胎高效生产和核心群的建立具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 澳洲和牛, 超数排卵, 促卵泡素, 胚胎生产

Abstract: The study aimed to analyze the effects of different developmental stages (young and postpartum Wagyu), synchronization methods, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dosage and superovulation times on superovulation efficiency and embryo production in Australian Wagyu beef. In this experiment, 38 young Wagyu (16-20 months old) and 42 postpartum Wagyu (first born) were selected for superovulation treatment. The number of total embryos, usable embryos, different grades embryos and the unavailable embryos were counted respectively, and then the data of superovulation efficiency and embryo production of each experimental group were compared and analyzed. The results showed that: 1) The rate of efficient superovulation in postpartum Wagyu ((95.46±2.58)%) was significantly higher than that in heifer((77.55±6.02)%, P<0.05), and the number of total embryos (12.30 vs 10.37), usable embryos (8.97 vs 7.66) and grade A degree embryos (3.86 vs 2.50) were also higher than those in heifer (P>0.05)； 2) There was no significant difference in the rate of efficient superovulation among different simultaneous treatments (spontaneous estrus, PG and implanted CIDR) before superovulation, but the average usable embryos per donor bovine in spontaneous estrus group (11.22±2.33) was significantly higher than that in PG group (6.09±1.05) (P<0.05); 3) Different doses of FSH could significantly affect the rate of efficient superovulation of donor and the number of average unavailable embryos per donor. The rate of efficient superovulation of heifer in 120 mg FSH group ((55.56±17.57)%) was significantly lower than that in 200 mg FSH group ((88.00±6.63)%) and 220 mg FSH group ((73.33±11.82)%) (P<0.05). The number of average unavailable embryos per donor of postpartum beefs in 220 mg FSH group (2.28±0.65) was significantly lower than that in 250 mg FSH group (5.00±1.38) (P<0.05); 4) The superovulation times significantly affected the rate of efficient superovulation of heifer and the number of average unavailable embryos per donor of postpartum beefs. The first rate of efficient superovulation of heifer ((70.27±7.62)%) was significantly lower than that of the second superovulation (100%) (P<0.05). The number of unavailable embryos recovered in the second superovulation(4.44±0.92) was significantly higher than that in the first superovulation (2.39±0.40) (P<0.05). Therefore, under the existing level of production management in North China, the superovulation donor should select the parturient cow, and the total dose of superovulation FSH should be 240 mg, which will provide technical and theoretical basis for the high efficiency production of embryos and the establishment of core groups in Wagyu.

Key words: Australian Wagyu beef, superovulation, FSH, embryo production

中图分类号:

S823.3

赵善江, 隋鹤鸣, 郝海生, 胡智辉, 庞云渭, 邹惠影, 杜卫华, 赵学明, 朱化彬. 澳洲和牛超数排卵与体内胚胎生产的影响因素研究[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(2): 420-428.

ZHAO Shanjiang, SUI Heming, HAO Haisheng, HU Zhihui, PANG Yunwei, ZOU Huiying, DU Weihua, ZHAO Xueming, ZHU Huabin. A Study on the Factors Influencing the Superovulation and Embryo Production in Australian Wagyu Beef[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(2): 420-428.

参考文献 36

[1]	GOTOH T,NISHIMURA T,KUCHIDA K,et al.The Japanese Wagyu beef industry:current situation and future prospects - A review[J].Asian-Australas J Anim Sci,2018,31(7):933-950.
[2]	刘丑生,李魁.奶牛、肉牛的MOET育种体制及其应用[J].中国草食动物,2004(1):51-52.LIU C S,LI K.MOET breeding system of cows and beef cattle and its application[J].China Herbivores,2004(1):51-52.(in Chinese)
[3]	郝海生,陈余,郭江鹏,等.和牛超数排卵影响因素的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(12):204-208.HAO H S,CHEN Y,GUO J P,et al.Study on the influence factors of superovulation in Wagyu[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2014,41(12):204-208.(in Chinese)
[4]	隋鹤鸣,郝海生,耿少旺,等.和牛胚胎移植后代超数排卵和胚胎移植试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(21):87-90.SUI H M,HAO H S,GENG S W,et al.Embryo transfer test and superovulation of embryo transfer progeny in Wagyu beef[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2018(21):87-90.(in Chinese)
[5]	VIANA J.2018 Statistics of embryo production and transfer in domestic farm animals[J].Embryo Technology Newsletter, 2019,37(4):7-25.
[6]	朱化彬,王皓宇,杜卫华,等.我国胚胎生物技术进展及其在良种牛扩繁中的应用[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(2):61-67.ZHU H B,WANG H Y,DU W H,et al.The proceedings of embryo biotechnologies and their use in cattle in China[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2014,50(2):61-67.(in Chinese)
[7]	MIKKOLA M,HASLER J F,TAPONEN J.Factors affecting embryo production in superovulated Bos taurus cattle[J].Reprod Fertil Dev,2019,32(2):104-124.
[8]	NARANJO CHACÓN F,MONTIEL PALACIOS F,CANSECO SEDANO R,et al.Embryo production after superovulation of bovine donors with a reduced number of FSH applications and an increased eCG dose[J].Theriogenology,2020,141:168-172.
[9]	毕江华,冯春涛,李素霞,等.纯种和牛快速扩繁关键技术研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(6):1784-1789.BI J H,FENG C T,LI S X,et al.Study on the key techniques of rapid propagation in purebred Wagyu[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2017,44(6):1784-1789.(in Chinese)
[10]	石晓兵,董红,卿胜奎,等.夏季青年和牛胚胎移植效果分析[J].草食家畜,2019(6):22-28,32.SHI X B,DONG H,QING S K,et al.Effect analysis on embryo transplantation of young Wagyu in summer[J].Grass-Feeding Livestock,2019(6):22-28,32.(in Chinese)
[11]	赵明礼,郝少强,王娜,等.超排前有腔卵泡数对青年和牛体内胚胎生产效率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2019,55(3):63-65.ZHAO M L,HAO S Q,WANG N,et al.Effect of the number of antral follicles before superovulation on embryo production efficiency in young and cattle[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2019,55(3):63-65.(in Chinese)
[12]	隋鹤鸣.优质和牛超数排卵和胚胎移植技术的研究与应用[D].长春:吉林大学,2018.SUI H M.The research and application of super-ovulation and embryo transfer for Wagyu[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2018.
[13]	张沅.中国荷斯坦奶牛MOET育种体系的建立与实施[J].中国奶牛,1999(4):34-36.ZHANG Y.Establishment and Implementation of MOET breeding system for Holstein cows in China[J].China Dairy Cattle, 1999(4):34-36.(in Chinese)
[14]	DAHLEN C,LARSON J,LAMB G C.Impacts of reproductive technologies on beef production in the United States[M]//LAMB G C,DILORENZO N.Current and Future Reproductive Technologies and World Food Production.New York:Springer, 2014:97-114.
[15]	TRÍBULO P,RIVERA R M,ORTEGA OBANDO M S,et al.Production and culture of the bovine embryo[M]//HERRICK J R.Comparative Embryo Culture.New York:Humana,2019:115-129.
[16]	CHEN M X,WONG S L,WU L L,et al.Differential impacts of gonadotrophins,IVF and embryo culture on mouse blastocyst development[J].Reprod Biomed Online,2019,39(3):372-382.
[17]	DOCHI O.Direct transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos and its application in cattle reproduction management[J].J Reprod Dev,2019,65(5):389-396.
[18]	FERRÉ L B,KJELLAND M E,STRØBECH L B,et al.Review:Recent advances in bovine in vitro embryo production:reproductive biotechnology history and methods[J].Animal,2020,14(5):991-1004.
[19]	MOORE S G,HASLER J F.A 100-Year Review:reproductive technologies in dairy science[J].J Dairy Sci,2017,100(12):10314-10331.
[20]	MIKKOLA M,HASLER J F,TAPONEN J.Factors affecting embryo production in superovulated Bos taurus cattle[J].Reprod Fertil Dev,2019,32(2):104-124.
[21]	UMER S,ZHAO S J,SAMMAD A,et al.AMH:could it be used as a biomarker for fertility and superovulation in domestic animals?[J].Genes (Basel),2019,10(12):1009.
[22]	MADUREIRA A M L,BURNETT T A,POHLER K G,et al.Short communication:greater intensity of estrous expression is associated with improved embryo viability from superovulated Holstein heifers[J].J Dairy Sci,2020,103(6):5641-5646.
[23]	DIAS F C F,KHAN M I R,SIRARD M A,et al.Transcriptome analysis of granulosa cells after conventional vs long FSH-induced superstimulation in cattle[J].BMC Genomics,2018,19(1):258.
[24]	CARVALHO P D,HACKBART K S,BENDER R W,et al.Use of a single injection of long-acting recombinant bovine FSH to superovulate Holstein heifers:a preliminary study[J].Theriogenology,2014,82(3):481-489.
[25]	PEIPPO J,VARTIA K,KANANEN-ANTTILA K,et al.Embryo production from superovulated Holstein-Friesian dairy heifers and cows after insemination with frozen-thawed sex-sorted X spermatozoa or unsorted semen[J].Anim Reprod Sci,2009,111(1):80-92.
[26]	KASIMANICKAM R,KASIMANICKAM V,KASTELIC J P,et al.Metabolic biomarkers,body condition,uterine inflammation and response to superovulation in lactating Holstein cows[J].Theriogenology,2020,146:71-79.
[27]	MOLLO M R,MONTEIRO P L J JR,SURJUS R S,et al.Embryo production in heifers with low or high dry matter intake submitted to superovulation[J].Theriogenology,2017,92:30-35.
[28]	CARVALHO P D,SOUZA A H,AMUNDSON M C,et al.Relationships between fertility and postpartum changes in body condition and body weight in lactating dairy cows[J].J Dairy Sci,2014,97(6):3666-3683.
[29]	FABIAN D,BABEL'OVÁ J,ČIKOŠ Š,et al.Overweight negatively affects outcome of superovulation treatment in female mice[J]. Zygote,2017,25(6):751-759.
[30]	KIMURA K.Superovulation with a single administration of FSH in aluminum hydroxide gel:a novel superovulation method for cattle[J].J Reprod Dev,2016,62(5):423-429.
[31]	ROSER J F,ETCHARREN M V,MIRAGAYA M H,et al.Superovulation,embryo recovery,and pregnancy rates from seasonally anovulatory donor mares treated with recombinant equine FSH (reFSH)[J].Theriogenology,2020,142:291-295.
[32]	KIM I H,SON D S,YEON S H,et al.Effect of dominant follicle removal before superstimulation of follicular growth,ovulation and embryo production in Holstein cows[J].Theriogenology,2001,55(4):937-945.
[33]	REDHEAD A K,SIEW N,LAMBIE N,et al.The relationship between circulating concentration of AMH and LH content in the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) preparations on follicular growth and ovulatory response to superovulation in water buffaloes[J].Anim Reprod Sci,2018,188:66-73.
[34]	IDETA A,HAYAMA K,URAKAWA M,et al.Relationships among estrous behavior,superovulatory response and grade 1 embryo sex ratio in superovulated Holstein heifers[J].J Reprod Dev,2007,53(5):1015-1021.
[35]	BÓ G A,MAPLETOFT R J.Historical perspectives and recent research on superovulation in cattle[J].Theriogenology, 2014, 81(1):38-48.
[36]	SIQUEIRA L G B,TORRES C A A,SOUZA E D,et al.Pregnancy rates and corpus luteum-related factors affecting pregnancy establishment in bovine recipients synchronized for fixed-time embryo transfer[J].Theriogenology,2009,72(7):949-958.