光照刺激时间对肉种鸡性成熟的影响

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.11.012

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 2107-2114.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2017.11.012

光照刺激时间对肉种鸡性成熟的影响

石雷^1,2, 孙研研¹, 许红¹, 刘一帆¹, 徐松山¹, 李云雷¹, 叶建华¹, 陈超¹, 李冬立³, 陈余⁴, 郭艳丽², 陈继兰^1*

1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
2. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 兰州 730070;
3. 北京百年栗园生态农业有限公司, 北京 101500;
4. 北京畜牧总站, 北京 102200

收稿日期:2017-06-08 出版日期:2017-11-23 发布日期:2017-11-23
通讯作者: 陈继兰,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事家禽遗传育种研究,E-mail:chen.jilan@163.com
作者简介:石雷(1992-),男,辽宁营口人,硕士生,主要从事动物生产学研究,E-mail:shilei2017@foxmail.com
基金资助:
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-41；CARS-42）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFD050502）；北京市家禽产业创新团队（BAIC04-2017）

Effect of Age at Photostimulation on Sexual Maturation in Broiler Breeders

SHI Lei^1,2, SUN Yan-yan¹, XU Hong¹, LIU Yi-fan¹, XU Song-shan¹, LI Yun-lei¹, YE Jian-hua¹, CHEN Chao¹, LI Dong-li³, CHEN Yu⁴, GUO Yan-li², CHEN Ji-lan^1*

1. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
3. Beijing Bainianliyuan Ecological Agriculture Co., LTD, Beijing 101500, China;
4. Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry Service, Beijing 102200, China

Received:2017-06-08 Online:2017-11-23 Published:2017-11-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在探索光照刺激（Photostimulation，PS）时间对肉种鸡性成熟的影响，为优化肉种鸡光照程序提供科学依据。选用384只14周龄健康的AA父母代种母鸡，随机分为4个处理，每个处理2个重复，肉种鸡单笼饲养，并限制饲喂量。4个处理的光照刺激时间分别为16（PS16）、18（PS18）、20（PS20）和22周龄（PS22）。光照刺激第1周，光照节律为8 h光照：16 h黑暗（8L：16D），光照强度由10 lx增加至80 lx；第2~4周，光照节律由8L：16D逐渐增加至14L：10D。在光照刺激前和光照刺激后的第2、4和6周，每个处理随机挑选6只种母鸡进行屠宰试验，测定生长和性发育指标及血清雌二醇水平。进行个体产蛋记录，测定产蛋初期蛋品质。结果显示：1）光照刺激后，各处理腹脂率快速上升，PS20和PS22组的雌二醇水平、卵巢指数、输卵管指数和输卵管长度的增长快于其他2组。2） PS16组从见蛋~开产的间隔时间和从光照刺激~开产的间隔时间均长于其他3组（P=0.007 9，P=0.000 1）。3） PS18的蛋壳重最低（P=0.005 1）。PS16的蛋壳厚度和蛋壳强度有高于其他组的趋势（P=0.083 4，P=0.066 2）。其他蛋品质指标不受光照刺激时间的影响（P>0.05）。综上表明，16周龄光照刺激可能导致AA种母鸡光失敏。22周龄光照刺激能够促进其性腺发育和雌二醇增长，并能改善开产整齐性和产蛋初期蛋品质，有利于提高肉种鸡的繁殖性能。

Abstract:

This work studied the effect of age at photostimulation (PS) on sexual maturation in broiler breeders, aiming at providing scientific guidance for the lighting management. A total of 384 healthy female AA broiler breeders were randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 2 replications, respectively. The birds were caged individually and provided with restricted feed. The birds of the 4 treatments were photostimulated at 16 (PS16), 18 (PS18), 20 (PS20) and 22 (PS22) weeks of age, respectively. In the first week of photostimulation, the lighting regimen was 8L:16D and the lighting intensity was increased from 10 to 80 lx. From the 2nd to the 4th week of photostimulation, the lighting regimen was changed from 8L:16D to 14L:10D. Six birds randomly selected from each treatment were sacrificed to characterize the growth, sexual development at 4 time points (the week before the photostimulation, and 2, 4, and 6 weeks after the photostimulation). Blood samples were collected to measure the plasma esteadiol concentration. The egg production was recorded for each bird. The qualities of the eggs in the early laying period were estimated. The results showed that:1) The birds in all treatments had increased abdominal fat percentage. The PS20 and PS22 birds had the faster increase in ovary index, oviduct index, oviduct length and estradiol levels than those from the PS16 and PS18. 2) The time from the first egg to 5% production and from photostimulation to 5% production of birds of PS16 were both longer than other treatments (P=0.007 9, P=0.000 1). 3) Birds from the PS18 had a lighter eggshell weight than those from PS16 and PS22 (P=0.005 1). Shell thickness and strength were higher for the birds from the PS16 than those from other treatments with no significant difference (P=0.083 4, P=0.066 2). In addition, Age of photostimulation had no effect on other egg quality parameters (P>0.05). In conclusion, photostimulation at 16 weeks of age for female broiler breeders may cause the light desensitization; photostimulation at 22 weeks may promote the sexual maturation, including gonad development, estradiol levels, laying uniformity, and egg quality in the early laying period.

中图分类号:

S831.2

石雷, 孙研研, 许红, 刘一帆, 徐松山, 李云雷, 叶建华, 陈超, 李冬立, 陈余, 郭艳丽, 陈继兰. 光照刺激时间对肉种鸡性成熟的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2017, 48(11): 2107-2114.

SHI Lei, SUN Yan-yan, XU Hong, LIU Yi-fan, XU Song-shan, LI Yun-lei, YE Jian-hua, CHEN Chao, LI Dong-li, CHEN Yu, GUO Yan-li, CHEN Ji-lan. Effect of Age at Photostimulation on Sexual Maturation in Broiler Breeders[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(11): 2107-2114.

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光照刺激时间对肉种鸡性成熟的影响

Effect of Age at Photostimulation on Sexual Maturation in Broiler Breeders

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