兔源支气管败血波氏杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的分离鉴定及其对抗菌药物的敏感性分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2021.08.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 兔感染支气管败血波氏杆菌（Bordetella bronchiseptica）和肺炎克雷伯菌（Klebsiella pneumoniae）后，常引起兔多发性呼吸道疾病，严重危害家兔养殖业。作者剖检河南省某兔场疑似病死兔，并采集组织分离鉴定病原菌，然后进行药敏试验，以期确定引起兔呼吸困难、腹泻的病原。结果显示，经细菌分离培养得到1株革兰阴性、两端钝圆的小杆状可疑致病菌及1株革兰阴性、卵圆形的可疑致病菌；其16S rRNA基因序列扩增片段大小分别为1 492和1 494 bp，与B. bronchiseptica AU 12671和K. pneumoniae菌株F5feb.57相似性分别为99.85%和100.00%，即该兔场患病兔为B. bronchiseptica和K. pneumoniae混合感染。药敏试验结果显示所分离的B. bronchiseptica和K. pneumoniae同时对庆大霉素、头孢曲松、头孢唑啉3种药物敏感，对其他药物有不同程度的耐药性。综上表明，此次分离的细菌为B. bronchiseptica和K. pneumoniae，本试验为家兔B. bronchiseptica和K. pneumoniae混合感染的分离鉴定及科学用药提供参考。

关键词: 兔, 支气管败血波氏杆菌, 肺炎克雷伯菌, 腹泻, 呼吸道疾病, 耐药性

Abstract: Bordetella bronchiseptica and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections are extremely harmful to the breeding of rabbits. They often cause multiple respiratory diseases. To determine the pathogens that cause dyspnea and diarrhea in rabbits, suspected dead rabbits in the rabbit farm were subjected to necropsy. Subsequently, we collected tissues for the isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity tests. The results showed that we obtained a gram-negative, blunt-round, small rod-shaped suspected pathogen and a gram-negative, oval, suspected pathogen; their 16S rRNA gene sequence amplified fragment sizes were 1 492 and 1 494 bp, respectively. The homology of B. bronchiseptica AU 12671 and K. pneumoniae strain F5feb.57 was 99.85% and 100.00%, respectively. The rabbits were identified as B. bronchiseptica and K. pneumoniae mixed infection. The drug susceptibility test found that they are all sensitive to gentamicin, ceftriaxone, and cefazolin, and they have varying degrees of resistance to other drugs. In summary, the bacteria we isolated are Bordetella bronchiseptica and Klebsiella pneumonia. This work provides a reference for the isolation and identification of B. bronchiseptica and K. pneumoniae coinfection and clinical scientific medications during rabbit breeding.

Key words: rabbit, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, respiratory tract disease, diarrhea, tolerance

中图分类号:

S858.2915.3

张自强, 王佳佳, 任玉莹, 朱慧杰, 张倩文, 刘玉梅. 兔源支气管败血波氏杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的分离鉴定及其对抗菌药物的敏感性分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(8): 2254-2264.

ZHANG Ziqiang, WANG Jiajia, REN Yuying, ZHU Huijie, ZHANG Qianwen, LIU Yumei. Isolation and Identification of Rabbit-derived Bordetella bronchiseptica and Klebsiella pneumoniae and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Analysis[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(8): 2254-2264.

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