Na+/H+交换体家族第三个亚型在感染性腹泻中的作用及活性调控机制

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2023.08.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Na⁺/H⁺交换子转运蛋白（Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger transporters，NHEs）在各种生物过程中起重要作用，包括Na⁺吸收、细胞内pH稳态、细胞体积调节、增殖和凋亡。其中，Na⁺/H⁺交换体家族第三个亚型（Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger isoform 3，NHE3）高度表达于肠道和肾近端小管中发挥中性NaCl的吸收作用，当细菌、病毒和毒素等病原感染肠道后，会引起肠上皮细胞上相应的NHE3活性受到抑制和Na⁺转运障碍，从而使得肠道内的水和电解质潴留、营养物质吸收停滞并导致腹泻的发生。近年来，关于病毒、细菌以及其他微生物感染引起胃肠上皮NHE3活性改变的研究取得了重大进展。本文综述了部分病原微生物感染引起机体腹泻时NHE3的活性变化，以及NHE3活性调控机制，包括NHE3从上皮质膜顶端到细胞内体循环、转录和翻译调控、蛋白质之间的动态相互作用以及相关信号通路的调控机制等。

关键词: 钠氢交换蛋白3, 感染性腹泻, 活性调控机制

Abstract: Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger transporters (NHEs)play important roles in various biological processes, including Na⁺ uptake, intracellular pH homeostasis, cell volume regulation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Among them, NHE3 (Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger isoform 3)is highly expressed in the intestine and proximal tubules of the kidney to play a role in neutral NaCl absorption. When pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and toxins infect the intestine, they cause inhibition of the corresponding NHE3 activity on the intestinal epithelium and impairment of Na⁺ transport, which leads to water and electrolyte retention in the intestine, stagnation of nutrient absorption and the development of diarrhea. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the study of the altered NHE3 activity of the gastrointestinal epithelium caused by viral, bacterial, and other microbial infections. This paper reviews the changes of NHE3 activity in diarrhea caused by some pathogenic microbial infections and the mechanisms of NHE3 activity regulation, including the apical to intracellular body circulation of NHE3 from the epithelial membrane, transcriptional and translational regulation, dynamic interactions between proteins, and the regulatory mechanisms of related signaling pathways.

Key words: sodium hydrogen exchange protein 3, infectious diarrhea, activity regulation mechanism

中图分类号:

S852.34
S855

王思盈, 邹宏, 宋振辉. Na⁺/H⁺交换体家族第三个亚型在感染性腹泻中的作用及活性调控机制[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2023, 54(8): 3230-3241.

WANG Siying, ZOU Hong, SONG Zhenhui. The Role of Na⁺/H⁺ Exchanger Isoform 3 in Infectious Diarrhea and Its Activity Regulation Mechanism[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(8): 3230-3241.

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