玉米赤霉烯酮内酯水解酶的研究及其在畜禽日粮中的应用

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.10.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Zearalenone (ZEN) and its derivatives rank among the most hazardous mycotoxins worldwide, posing a significant threat to food safety and public health. Consequently, the development of efficient biodegradation strategies for ZEN has emerged as a critical research priority. Among these, enzymatic degradation approaches have garnered considerable attention due to their specificity and efficacy.ZEN-degrading enzymes primarily include laccases, manganese peroxidases, and lactonases. Compared to the first two enzyme classes, lactonases exhibit distinct advantages for the development of ZEN detoxification agents, including higher catalytic activity, well-defined degradation mechanisms, and non-toxic degradation byproducts. However, natural enzymes often suffer from limited stability under industrial processing conditions, hindering their applicability in large-scale production and practical settings. To address this challenge, enhancing enzyme activity and stability through rational or semi-rational design and optimization has become a key research focus.This review comprehensively examines microbial-derived ZEN lactonases, covering gene mining, biochemical characterization, molecular engineering, and practical applications. By evaluating the advantages and limitations of biological detoxification in industrial and livestock production, this analysis provides novel insights for the development of highly active, robust ZEN-detoxifying enzyme preparations.

Key words: zearalenone, lactonase, rational design, enzyme activity stability, stability optimization, toxin degradation

CLC Number:

S859.8

YU Liangcheng, SUN Bo, REN Man, YAN Xue, LIU Kuanbo, SONG Jia, YUE Longyao, WANG Weiwei, ZHAO Chen. The Research on Zearalenone Lactonase and Its Application in Livestock and Poultry Diets[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(10): 4839-4850.

Figures/Tables 3

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 1

References 59

1	BENNETT J W , KLICH M . Mycotoxins[J]. Clin Microbiol Rev, 2003, 16 (3): 497- 516. doi: 10.1128/CMR.16.3.497-516.2003
2	STOB M , BALDWIN R S , TUITE J , et al. Isolation of an anabolic, uterotrophic compound from corn infected with Gibberella zeae[J]. Nature, 1962, 196, 1318.
3	SUN H Y , HE Z Q , XIONG D W , et al. Mechanisms by which microbial enzymes degrade four mycotoxins and application in animal production: A review[J]. Anim Nutr, 2023, 15, 256- 274. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.003
4	LOI M , FANELLI F , LIUZZI V , et al. Mycotoxin biotransformation by native and commercial enzymes: present and future perspectives[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2017, 9 (4): 111.
5	HAO W , GUAN S , LI A P , et al. Mycotoxin occurrence in feeds and raw materials in china: a five-year investigation[J]. Toxins, 2023, 15 (1): 63. doi: 10.3390/toxins15010063
6	LIU M Y , ZHANG X , LUAN H N , et al. Bioenzymatic detoxification of mycotoxins[J]. Front Microbiol, 2024, 15, 1434987. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1434987
7	XU H W , WANG L Z , SUN J D , et al. Microbial detoxification of mycotoxins in food and feed[J]. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2022, 62 (18): 4951- 4969. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879730
8	TAKAHASH-ANDO N , KIMURA M , KAKEYA H , et al. A novel lactonohydrolase responsible for the detoxification of zearalenone: enzyme purification and gene cloning[J]. Biochem J, 2002, 365 (Pt 1): 1- 6.
9	FRUHAUF S , NOVAK B , NAGL V , et al. Biotransformation of the mycotoxin zearalenone to its metabolites hydrolyzed zearalenone (HZEN) and decarboxylated hydrolyzed zearalenone (DHZEN) diminishes its estrogenicity in vitro and in vivo[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2019, 11 (8): 481.
10	TAKAHASH-ANDO N , TOKAI T , HAMAMOTO H , et al. Efficient decontamination of zearalenone, the mycotoxin of cereal pathogen, by transgenic yeasts through the expression of a synthetic lactonohydrolase gene[J]. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2005, 67 (6): 838- 844. doi: 10.1007/s00253-004-1816-y
11	TAKAHASHI-ANDO N , OHSATO S , SHIBATA T . Metabolism of zearalenone by genetically modified organisms expressing the detoxification gene from Clonostachys rosea[J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 2004, 70 (6): 3239- 3245. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.6.3239-3245.2004
12	YANG W C , HSU T C , CHENG K C , et al. Expression of the Clonostachys rosea lactonohydrolase gene by Lactobacillus reuteri to increase its zearalenone-removing ability[J]. Microb Cell Fact, 2017, 16 (1): 102. doi: 10.1186/s12934-017-0714-9
13	FRUHAUF S , PVHRINGER D , THAMHESL M , et al. Bacterial lactonases ZenA with noncanonical structural features hydrolyze the mycotoxin zearalenone[J]. ACS Catal, 2024, 14 (5): 3392- 3410. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.4c00271
14	SUN Z P , FANG Y T , ZHU Y H , et al. Biotransformation of zearalenone to non-estrogenic compounds with two novel recombinant lactonases from Gliocladium[J]. BMC Microbiol, 2024, 24 (1): 75. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03226-3
15	JIANG X , TEHREEM S , RAHIM K . Enhancing the thermal stability and activity of zearalenone lactone hydrolase to promote zearalenone degradation via semi-rational design[J]. Enzyme Microb Technol, 2024, 180, 110499. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110499
16	LIU X L , WANG Y N , FANG X , et al. Characteristics of a novel zearalenone lactone hydrolase ZHRnZ and its thermostability modification[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2024, 25 (17): 9665. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179665
17	HU J Q , WANG G , HOU M X , et al. New hydrolase from Aeromicrobium sp. HA for the biodegradation of zearalenone: identification, mechanism, and application[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2023, 71 (5): 2411- 2420. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06410
18	OUYANG B B , ZHANG W L , GUANG C E , et al. Identification and modification of enzymatic substrate specificity through residue alteration in the cap domain: A thermostable zearalenone lactonase[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2023, 71 (48): 18943- 18952. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07228
19	BI K , ZHANG W , XIAO Z Z , et al. Characterization, expression and application of a zearalenone degrading enzyme from Neurospora crassa[J]. AMB Express, 2018, 8 (1): 194. doi: 10.1186/s13568-018-0723-z
20	WANG M X , YIN L F , HU H Z , et al. Expression, functional analysis and mutation of a novel neutral zearalenone-degrading enzyme[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2018, 118 (Pt A): 1284- 1292.
21	YU X R , TU T , LUO H Q , et al. Biochemical characterization and mutational analysis of a lactone hydrolase from Phialophora americana[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2020, 68 (8): 2570- 2577. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05853
22	WANG Z X , LUO F F , JIANG S J , et al. Biochemical characterization and molecular modification of a zearalenone hydrolyzing enzyme Zhd11D from Phialophora attinorum[J]. Enzyme Microb Technol, 2023, 170, 110286. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110286
23	CHEN S R , PAN L , LIU S Y , et al. Recombinant expression and surface display of a zearalenone lactonohydrolase from Trichoderma aggressivum in Escherichia coli[J]. Protein Expr Purif, 2021, 187, 105933. doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.105933
24	SHI J H , MWABULILI F , XIE Y L , et al. Characterization, structural analysis, and thermal stability mutation of a new zearalenone-degrading enzyme mined from Bacillus subtilis[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2024, 72 (6): 3025- 3035. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06767
25	HU J Q , DU S L , QIU H , et al. A hydrolaseproduced by Rhodococcus erythropolis HQ is responsible for the detoxification of zearalenone[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2023, 15 (12): 688.
26	ZHANG Z X , XU W , WU H , et al. Identification of a potent enzyme for the detoxification of zearalenone[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2020, 68 (1): 376- 383. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06223
27	HUI R J , HU X Y , LIU W T , et al. Characterization and crystal structure of a novel zearalenone hydrolase from Cladophialophora bantiana[J]. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun, 2017, 73 (Pt 9): 515- 519.
28	RAUWERDINK A , KAZLAUSKAS R J . How the same core catalytic machinery catalyzes seventeen different reactions: the Ser-His-Asp catalytic triad of α/β-Hydrolase fold enzymes[J]. ACS Catal, 2015, 5 (10): 6153- 6176. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.5b01539
29	ZHOU J , ZHU L D , CHEN J F , et al. Degradation mechanism for zearalenone ring-cleavage by zearalenone hydrolase RmZHD: A QM/MM study[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2020, 709, 135897. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135897
30	VOET D , VOET J G . Biochemistry(3rd ed)[M]. NewYork: Wiley, 2004.
31	LIU Q , X G H , FENG Y . The state-of-the-art strategies of protein engineering for enzyme stabilization[J]. Biotechnol Adv, 2019, 37 (4): 530- 537. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.10.011
32	LIU F X , MALAPHAN W , XING F G , et al. Biodetoxification of fungal mycotoxins zearalenone by engineered probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri with surface-displayed lactonohydrolase[J]. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2019, 103 (21-22): 8813- 8824. doi: 10.1007/s00253-019-10153-1
33	ZHENG Y Y , LIU W T , CHEN C C , et al. Crystal structure of a mycoestrogen-detoxifying lactonase from Rhinocladiella mackenziei: Molecular insight into ZHD substrate selectivity[J]. ACS Catalysis, 2018, 8 (5): 4294- 4298. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00464
34	XU Z X , LIU W D , CHEN C C , et al. Enhanced α-zearalenol hydrolyzing activity of a mycoestrogen-detoxifying lactonase by structure-based engineering[J]. ACS Catalysis, 2016, 6 (11): 7657- 7663. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01826
35	LIN M , TAN J , XU Z B , et al. Computational design of enhanced detoxification activity of a zearalenone lactonase from Clonostachys rosea in acidic medium[J]. RSC Adv, 2019, 9 (54): 31284- 31295. doi: 10.1039/C9RA04964A
36	XING X Y , CHEN X W , YOU X H , et al. Zearalenone degrading enzyme evolution to increase the hydrolysis efficiency under acidic conditions by the rational design[J]. Food Chem, 2024, 456, 140088. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140088
37	FU X , XU M , LI T , et al. The improved expression and stability of zearalenone lactonohydrolase from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)[J]. Appl Biochem Microbiol, 2021, 57, 79- 85. doi: 10.1134/S0003683821010075
38	KI M R , PACK S P . Fusion tags to enhance heterologous protein expression[J]. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2020, 104 (6): 2411- 2425. doi: 10.1007/s00253-020-10402-8
39	FANG J P , SHENG L N , YE Y L , et al. Biochemical characterization and application of zearalenone lactone hydrolase fused with a multifunctional short peptide[J]. J Agr Food Chem, 2024, 72 (32): 18146- 18154. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01296
40	LIU W N , TU T , GU Y , et al. Insight into the thermophilic mechanism of a glycoside hydrolase family 5 β-mannanase[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2019, 67 (1): 473- 483. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04860
41	GAVRILOV Y , DAGAN S , LEVY Y . Shortening a loop can increase protein native state entropy[J]. Proteins, 2015, 83 (12): 2137- 2146. doi: 10.1002/prot.24926
42	ZHOU H J , LI L , ZHAN B W , et al. The Trp183 is essential in lactonohydrolase ZHD detoxifying zearalenone and zearalenols[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2020, 522 (4): 986- 989. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.178
43	WANG M X , ZHANG F Y , XIANG L , et al. Enhancing the activity of zearalenone lactone hydrolase toward the more toxic α-zearalanol via a single-point mutation[J]. App Environ Microbiol, 2024, 90 (3): e0181823.
44	AZAM M S , YU D Z , LIU N , et al. Degrading ochratoxin A and zearalenone mycotoxins using a multifunctional recombinant enzyme[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2019, 11 (5): 301.
45	XIA Y , QIU Y Y , WU Z F , et al. Preparation of recombinant Kluyveromyces lactis agents for simultaneous degradation of two mycotoxins[J]. AMB Express, 2022, 12 (1): 20. doi: 10.1186/s13568-022-01361-6
46	XIANG L , WANG Q H , ZHOU Y L , et al. High-level expression of a ZEN-detoxifying gene by codon optimization and biobrick in Pichia pastoris[J]. Microbiol Res, 2016, 193, 48- 56. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.09.004
47	王义春, 王龑, 江均平, 等. 玉米赤霉烯酮降解酶多拷贝毕赤酵母菌株的构建及高效表达[J]. 生物工程学报, 2020, 36 (2): 372- 380.
	WANG Y C , WANG Y , JIANG J P , et al. High expression of zearalenone degrading enzyme in Pichia pastoris[J]. Chinese Journal of Biotechnology, 2020, 36 (2): 372- 380.
48	KOVALSKY P , KOS G , NÄHERE K , et al. Co-Occurrence of regulated, masked and emerging mycotoxins and secondary metabolites in finished feed and maize - An extensive survey[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2016, 8 (12): 363.
49	周建川, 史东辉, 计成. 玉米赤霉烯酮和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇对动物毒性的研究进展[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020, 32 (6): 2460- 2466.
	ZHOU J C , SHI D H , JI C , et al. Research progress on toxicity of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in animals[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2020, 32 (6): 2460- 2466.
50	CAI P R , LIU S Q , TU Y , et al. Toxicity, biodegradation, and nutritional intervention mechanism of zearalenone[J]. Sci Total Environ, 2024, 911, 168648. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168648
51	WU K T , REN C X , GONG Y F , et al. The insensitive mechanism of poultry to zearalenone: A review[J]. Anim Nutr, 2021, 7 (3): 587- 594. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.01.002
52	TSO K , JU J , FAN Y , et al. Enzyme degradation reagents effectively remove mycotoxins deoxynivalenol and zearalenone from pig and poultry artificial digestive juices[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2019, 11 (10): 599.
53	王相生, 孙亚宁, 阮崇美, 等. 玉米赤霉烯酮降解酶在枯草芽孢杆菌中的表达及其对母猪繁殖性能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017, 29 (11): 4019- 4025.
	WANG X S , SUN Y N , RUAN C M , et al. Expression of zearalenone degrading enzyme in Bacillus subilis and its effects on reproductive performance of sows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2017, 29 (11): 4019- 4025.
54	邓增炜. 三种ZEN降解剂对ZEN暴露仔猪的保护效果评价[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2022: 11-17.
	DENG Z W. Evaluation of protective effects of three zearalenone-degrading agents on zearalenone-exposed piglets[D]. Yaan: Sichuan Agricultural University, 2022: 11-17. (in Chinese)
55	DÄNICKE S , CARLSON L , HEYMANN A , et al. Inactivation of zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in complete feed for weaned piglets: Efficacy of ZEN hydrolase ZenA and of sodium metabisulfite (SBS) as feed additives[J]. Mycotoxin Res, 2023, 39 (3): 201- 218. doi: 10.1007/s12550-023-00486-2
56	GRUBER-DORNINGER C , KILLINGER M , HÖBARTNER-GUßL A , et al. Enzymatic degradation of zearalenone in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs, chickens, and rainbow trout[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2023, 15 (1): 48.
57	VALGAEREN B , THÉRON L , CROUBELS S , et al. The role of roughage provision on the absorption and disposition of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in calves: From field observations to toxicokinetics[J]. Arch Toxicol, 2019, 93 (2): 293- 310. doi: 10.1007/s00204-018-2368-8
58	SEELING K , DÄNICKE S , VALENTA H , et al. Effects of Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat and feed intake level on the biotransformation and carry-over of deoxynivalenol in dairy cows[J]. Food Addit Contam, 2006, 23 (10): 1008- 1020. doi: 10.1080/02652030600723245
59	GRUBER-DORNINGER C , FASS J , DOUPOVEC B , et al. Metabolism of zearalenone in the rumen of dairy cows with and without application of a zearalenone-degrading enzyme[J]. Toxins(Basel), 2021, 13 (2): 84.

名称(PDB代码) Name(PDB code)	来源生物Source organism	底物Substrate	最适pH/温度(℃) Optimal pH/ temperature(℃)	比活/(U·mg^-1) Specific activities	参考文献References
ZHD101 (BAC02717)	C. rosea	ZEN、α/β-ZOL、α/β-ZAL、ZAN	10.5/37~45	NR	[11]
ZenH (WP_269305865.1)	Aeromicrobium sp. HA	ZEN	7.0/55	7.05	[17]
ZENM (RYP08044.1)	Monosporascus sp. GIB2	ZEN、α-ZOL、α-ZAL	9.0/60	333	[18]
ZenC (XM_958243.3)	Neurospora crassa	ZEN	8.0/45	530.4	[19]
ZHD518 (XM_013418296)	NR	ZEN、α/β-ZOL、α/β-ZAL	8.0/40	207	[20]
ZHD607 (KIW70607)	Phialophora americana	ZEN	8.0/35	4 940±28.06	[21]
ZHD11D (XM_018146622)	Phialophora attinorum	ZEN	8.0/35	304.7	[22]
ZHD11A (NR)	P. macrospora	ZEN	8.0/40	220	[15]
ZHD-P (KF515221)	Trichoderma aggressivum	ZEN	7.5~9.0/45	191	[23]
ZHRnZ (GAP90066.2)	R. necatrix	ZEN、α/β-ZOL、α-ZAL	9.0/45	NR	[16]
ZENY (CP137687)	Bacillus subtilis YT-4	ZEN	8.0/37	1 060±0.06	[24]
ZenR (OR497749)	Rhodococcus erythropolis HQ	ZEN	8.0~9.0/55	20.04	[25]
ZENG (ALI16790.1)	Gliocladium roseum	ZEN、α-ZOL、α-ZAL	7.0/38	315	[26]
CbZHD (XP_016613277.1)	Cladophialophora bantiana	ZEN	8.0/35	219	[27]

[1]	GAO Boquan, WANG Xiumin, HAN Bing, TAO Hui, WANG Zhenlong, WANG Jinquan. Research Progress on Laccase Degradation of Mycotoxins [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(8): 3650-3657.
[2]	ZHU Aiwen, WANG Jian, ZHU Gehui, LIU Haixia, PINGCUO Bandan, WANG Jun, DEQING Zhuoga, YAN Wei, HAN Dayong. Zearalenone Induced Proliferation, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and NAC Protective Mechanism of Sertoli Cells in Pengbo Semi-fine Wool Sheep [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(6): 2752-2764.
[3]	ZHAN Qingyu, DENG Juanli, LIU Hujun, YIN Peng, WANG Hongliang, LI Tiantian. Research Progress on the Toxicology and Detoxification Mechanisms of Zearalenone and Its Derivatives in Corn [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(5): 2056-2069.
[4]	YAN Qiongxian, CHEN Wenxun, HUI Haoyang, PENG Can, TANG Shaoxun, ZHOU Xiaoling, TAN Zhiliang. Effects of Zearalenone on Growth Performance, Gastrointestinal Fermentation and Microbiota Community Structure of Goats [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2023, 54(3): 1109-1123.
[5]	TANG Ziwen, CHENG Huaqin, LIU Dongju, PHAGMO Droma, YANG Xue, LI Jian, YIN Shi. The Protective Effect of Proanthocyanidins on Oxidative Damage of Yak Granulosa Cells Induced by Zearalenone [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(9): 3006-3017.
[6]	ZHANG Kaizhao, HU Hui, XU Zekai, WANG Shiqian, CUI Hongjie, HUANG Xiaohong. Toxicity of Zearalenone on Chicken Embryo Fibroblasts [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(5): 1615-1625.
[7]	CAO Qianying, ZHENG Hao, WANG Yaling, ZOU Hui, GU Jianhong, YUAN Yan, LIU Xuezhong, LIU Zongping, BIAN Jianchun. Mechanism of Autophagy Block in PC12 Cells Induced by Zearalenone [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2022, 53(4): 1270-1279.
[8]	WANG Zongjie, ZHANG Ruixue, LIU Shouqin, JIN Yaping, LIN Pengfei. The Apoptotic Effect of Zearalenone on Goat Endometrial Stromal Cells [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(2): 535-542.
[9]	WU Fengyang, CUI Jia, YANG Xinyu, CHEN Baojiang. Effect of Zearalenone on Uterine and Ovarian Antioxidant and Inflammatory Indexes and Related Gene Expression in Prepubertal Gilts [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(7): 1637-1645.
[10]	WU Fengyang, YANG Xinyu, LI Jinli, CHEN Baojiang. Research Progress on Reproductive Toxicity of Zearalenone to Sows [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(2): 227-233.
[11]	PEI Yaping, ZHAO Jin, SUN Na, SUN Panpan, SUN Yaogui, FAN Kuohai, YIN Wei, LI Hongquan. The Effect of Caffeic Acid on Zearalenone-induced Ovarian Granulosa Cell Apoptosis in Mice [J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2020, 51(12): 3068-3075.
[12]	CHEN Ya, WEI Quan-wei, DU Wen-chao, ZHENG Wei-jiang, DING Wei, XING Jun, SHI Fang-xiong. Mitigation of Lactulose and Hydrogen-rich Water on Ovarian Dysfunction Caused by Dietary Contaminated Corn in Weaned Piglets [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2018, 49(12): 2641-2651.
[13]	CAI Guo-dong, SUN Kai, XIANG Zi-lai, WANG Ling, ZOU Hui, GU Jian-hong, YUAN Yan, LIU Xue-zhong, LIU Zong-ping, BIAN Jian-chun. The Effects of Zearalenone on the Activation and Proliferation of Mouse T-lymphocytesin vitro [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(7): 1357-1364.
[14]	WEI Dan-ping, LIU Yu-jie, SUN Xiang-li, YAN Feng-bin, JIANG Rui-rui, KANG Xiang-tao, WANG Yan-bin. Screening and Activity Detection of a Bacterial Strain Degrading Zearalenone [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2017, 48(4): 761-768.
[15]	ZHENG Wang-long，LIU Qing，WANG Ya-jun，HUANG Qin-yi，XU Hui，WANG Yi-an，GU Jian-hong，YUAN Yan，LIU Xue-zhong，LIU Zong-ping，BIAN Jian-chun. Effects of Zearalenone on the Expression of Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein and Key Enzymes in Primary Leydig Cells [J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2014, 45(7): 1091-1096.

The Research on Zearalenone Lactonase and Its Application in Livestock and Poultry Diets

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 3

References 59

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments