岔路黑猪断奶前后粪便菌群和病毒组变化及其相关性研究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.04.027

Abstract

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the change of rectum bacteria and virome before and after weaning and their interactions of Chalu black piglets through 16S rDNA and meta-virome sequencing. Feces were collected from the rectal of Chalu black pigs on day 7 before weaning and day 7 after weaning respectively. 16S rDNA and meta-virome sequencing were used to analyze the rectum microbes change of weaned piglets during the weaning transition. The results showed that, the α diversity of rectum microbiota was increased post-weaning and the β diversity analysis indicated a significant change in community structure (P < 0.05). What's more, the relative abundance of Firmicutes (P < 0.05), Lactobacillus (P < 0.01) and Limosilactobacillus (P < 0.01) were increased significantly, while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (P < 0.05) decreased significatly compared with that of pre-weaning; Meta-virome sequencing illustrated that there was no significant change in α diversity of the virus before and after weaning, but the virome structure changed significantly (P < 0.05). Especially, the relative abundance of Caudoviricetes and Microviridae are having a significant increase after weaning (P < 0.05); Moreover, the intestinal phages interacted with specific bacterial communities, and there was a significant positive correlation between the Akkermansiaceae and Caudovirales family phages (P < 0.05). In summary, the study demonstrated that the effects of weaning stress on the rectum microbiota and virome of piglets and provide new insights into the interactions between rectum microbiota and virome in local pig species, which is benificial in promoting the protection and utilization of local pig breeds in China.

Key words: Chalu black pig, weaning stress, virome, microbiome

CLC Number:

S828.5

LI Suchen, LU Tingting, CHEN Junguang, MIAO Hui, MAO Haiguang, HAN Xinyan. Changes of Rectum Microbiota and Virome before and after Weaning and Their Interactions of Chalu Black Pigs[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(4): 1791-1801.

Figures/Tables 10

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饲粮组成 Diet composition	教槽料 Creep feed	保育料 Nursery feed	营养水平²⁾ Nutrient level²⁾	教槽料 Creep feed	保育料Nursery feed
玉米Corn	16.5	35.4	消化能/(MJ·kg^-1) DE	14.18	14.23
膨化玉米Extruded corn	-	12.0	粗蛋白CP	19.20	18.30
豆粕Soybean meal	-	8.0	粗灰分Ash	4.60	4.90
膨化大豆Expanded soybean	8.0	11.5	钙Ca	0.70	0.71
大豆浓缩蛋白Soy protein concentrate	6.5	-	总磷P	0.62	0.61
发酵豆粕Fermented soybean meal	7.0	2.0	赖氨酸Lys	1.75	1.75
碎米Broken rice	6.0	5.0	蛋氨酸Met	1.35	1.35
米皮糠Rice husk	5.0	6.0
面粉Flour	17.0	0.0
乳清粉Dried whey	14.0	7.0
糖Sugar	4.0	0.0
鱼粉Fish meal	3.0	3.0
大豆油Soybean oil	4.0	1.0
麸皮Bran	4.0	4.0
石粉Limestone	0.5	0.6
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₃	0.5	0.5
赖氨酸Lys	1.6	1.6
蛋氨酸Met	1.2	1.2
复合预混料¹⁾Compound premix¹⁾	7.00	4.00
复合酶制剂Complex enzyme preparation	0.2	0.2
总量Total	100.0	100.0

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Changes of Rectum Microbiota and Virome before and after Weaning and Their Interactions of Chalu Black Pigs

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