哺乳动物卵泡发育阶段颗粒细胞增殖与分化的研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Spermatogenesis, oogenesis, and the development of a fertilized egg, are all crucial in mammalian reproduction. Currently, there is no shortage of studies on the maturation and development of mammalian oocytes, but the role of granulosa cells in the development of oocytes remains to be explored in depth. In female mammals, early ovarian granulosa cells are developed from the ovarian reticulum and ovarian epidermal cells; thereafter, the precursor granulosa cell stage surrounds the oocyte, providing nutrients and communicates information for the oocyte through gap junctions, and regulating oocyte maturation by relying on the regulation of reproduction hormones (such as AMH, FSH, and LH). In this paper, the origin of mammalian ovarian granulosa cells, the differentiation of granulosa cells at each stage of follicle development, and their functional mechanism during oocyte maturation were reviewed in order to provide help for the further study of the biological functions of mammalian ovarian granulosa cells, and provide optimization ideas for the in vitro oocyte maturation culture system.

Key words: ovary, granulosa cells, oocytes, mammals, proliferation and differentiation

CLC Number:

S814.1

GUO Yanyan, ZHANG Yuxin, LU Rui, LI Yupeng, CHEN Longbin, ZHANG Jinlong, YAO Dawei, RUAN Weibin, ZHANG Xiaosheng, GUO Xiaofei. Research Progress on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Granulosa Cells at Various Follicular Development Stages in Mammal[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(4): 1484-1493.

Figures/Tables 2

References 68

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GCs特点Characteristics of GCs	原始卵泡阶段Primordial follicular stage	初级卵泡阶段Primary follicular stage	次级卵泡阶段Secondary follicular stage		成熟卵泡阶段Mature follicular stage
形态Morphology	未分化单层扁平细胞	扁平转变为复层；单层转变为多层；数量增多	CCs变得膨胀；呈圆形	MGCs呈上皮细胞样	CCs疏散且发散；细胞层变薄	MGCs层不规则折叠
空间分布Spatial distribution	围绕卵母细胞外围	与卵母细胞通过透明带建立间隙连接	增殖2-3层；围绕卵母细胞	紧贴在卵泡壁	包裹卵母细胞排出	黄体壁层
特定基因Specific genes	FSH、RSPO1、Foxl2	FSH、AMH、ER、BDNF、TrkB	FSH、LH、HA、Slc38a3、AMH	CYP19A1、FSHR	LHR、HA	p21、p27
参考文献Reference	[19]、[27-29]	[34-35]、[37]、[43]	[46-47]、[55]	[46]、[48]	[31]、[60-62]	[31]、[46]

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Research Progress on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Granulosa Cells at Various Follicular Development Stages in Mammal

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