产蛋后期蛋鸡蛋壳质量变化及影响因素的探究

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.05.015

Abstract

Abstract:

This experiment aimed to investigate the changes of eggshell quality and its influencing factors in late-phase laying hens in order to improve eggshell quality and reduce the loss of eggs in the process of trading. In this experiment, 60 laying hens in peak laying period (D280) and 60 in late laying period (D580) were selected with similar weight and good health. Laying hens in each laying period were randomly divided into 6 replicates of 10 hens each for sampling, detection, and observation. Firstly, 60 eggs from each group were collected to detect the eggshell quality. And the differences of ultrastructure of eggshell were observed by scanning electron microscope. Subsequently, 6 chickens in each group were randomly selected to collect eggshell gland tissue, part of which was made into paraffin sections for observation of eggshell gland tissue structure, and part of which was extracted with RNA for detection of gene expression levels of OC-17, OC-116 and OCX-32 in eggshell gland tissue. The results showed that, compared with peak-phase laying hens, the following changes were observed in late-phase of laying hens: ①The thickness, strength, percentage and effective thickness of eggshell were significantly decreased by 8.33%, 9.98%, 5.15% and 4.17%. ②The ultrastructure of eggshell showed that the width of the mastoid gap, the width of the mammillary knobs and the effective thickness of the mastoid layer were significantly increased. ③The length of eggshell gland villi was significantly reduced, while the width between two adjacent villi showed a significant increase. ④The expression levels of OC-17, OC-116 and OCX-32 genes in eggshell glands were significantly down-regulated. The results indicated that the structural changes of eggshell gland in late-phase laying hens might lead to the decrease of eggshell gland secretion ability and affected the concentration of mineral ions in uterine fluid. The significantly down-regulated expression of OC-17, OC-116 and OCX-32 genes indicated the mineral deposit ability of eggshell gland was decreased. These two aspects together affected the mineralization process of eggshell in eggshell gland, changed the ultrastructure of eggshell, and led to the decline of eggshell quality.

Key words: late-phase laying hen, egg laying performance, eggshell quality, eggshell gland

CLC Number:

S831.2

MA Yanfen, CHEN Qi, QIAN Zhongli, NI Jia, MENG Hao, GAO Xinkai, WAN Fujun, LIU Xin. Changes and Influencing Factors of Eggshell Quality in Late-phase Laying Hens[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(5): 2148-2156.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 37

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基因Gene	引物序列(5′→3′) Primer sequence	产物长度/bp Amplicon size
OC-17	F: AGGGCTCAGCAAGAAGTAGC R: TGTCCCCATTATAGGCTTTGC	259
OC-116	F: GATCCCGACAAATGGCCCTG R: TTAGAGGGCGTGTTAATGGGT	390
OCX-32	F: ACGCGTCCGCAGCAG R: ACGCGTCCGCAGCAG	102

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Changes and Influencing Factors of Eggshell Quality in Late-phase Laying Hens

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