畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 6080-6093.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.013

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行趋势及耐药性研究进展

缪丰诚1,2, 龙晓倩2, 李志宇2, 沈瑶2, 吕凯凯5, 简华锋2, 李军星4, 李双茂4, 杨华2,3, 马剑钢2*, 代兵1*   

  1. 1. 浙江农林大学动物科技学院动物医学院, 杭州 311300;
    2. 湘湖实验室(农业浙江省实验室)生物技术研究院, 杭州 311231;
    3. 浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 杭州 310021;
    4. 浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 杭州 310021;
    5. 浙江国正检测技术有限公司, 杭州 310001
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-28 出版日期:2025-12-23 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 代兵,主要从事畜产品质量安全研究,E-mail:daibing2008@126.com;马剑钢,主要从事动物源细菌耐药性研究,E-mail:vetmajg@163.com
  • 作者简介:缪丰诚(1999-),男,浙江杭州人,硕士生,主要从事畜产品质量安全研究,E-mail:13777368638@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”项目(2024SSYS0101);浙江省三农九方科技协作计划(2023SNJF062);杭州市重点科研计划项目(2023SZD0058);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-42-27)

Research Progress on the Epidemic Trend and Antimicrobial Resistance of Avian Pasteurella multocida

MIAO Fengcheng1,2, LONG Xiaoqian2, LI Zhiyu2, SHEN Yao2, LÜ Kaikai5, JIAN Huafeng2, LI Junxing4, LI Shuangmao4, YANG Hua2,3, MA Jiangang2*, DAI Bing1*   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
    2. Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China;
    3. Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
    4. Institute of Animal Sciences of CAAS, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
    5. Zhejiang GOJUE Test Tchnologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310001, China
  • Received:2025-03-28 Online:2025-12-23 Published:2025-12-24

摘要: 禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌是一种广泛分布的革兰阴性短杆菌,能够引起禽霍乱,给全球家禽养殖业带来巨大经济损失。目前禽霍乱防控长期依赖抗生素治疗,导致家禽中对抗生素耐药的细菌不断增加。本文统计了近二十年国内外17个地区的禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行情况和耐药性。统计结果表明,禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌广泛分布于全球各大洲,尤其在禽类养殖和消费较为普遍的地区,流行率大于43.50%。国内禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌在江苏省(53.73%)和广东省(48.97%)的流行率较高,流行率大于48%。对数据库中禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌基因组分析显示,共检测到31个ST型,其中ST159(115/733,15.69%)和ST128(82/733,11.19%)分别对鸡和鸭具有宿主偏好性。耐药性方面,国内外均发现对多种常用抗生素耐药的菌株,对卡那霉素(99/165,60%)、氯霉素(124/230,53.91%)和四环素(258/556,46.40%)等抗生素耐药率较高。对数据库中基因组进行分析,共检测到29种耐药基因,涵盖了八大类抗生素,其中sul2(13.64%)和tet(B)(10.64%)携带率最高。综上所述,禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌国内外流行率存在差异且对多种常用抗生素耐药率较高。可根据地区流行特点针对性使用疫苗、噬菌体等防治手段,减少耐药率高的抗生素使用,以实现高效的治疗效果,建立绿色、可持续的养殖模式。

关键词: 禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌, 耐药性, 基因组分析

Abstract: Avian pathogenic Pasteurella multocida, a widespread Gram-negative short bacillus, causes avian cholera and leads to significant economic losses on the global poultry industry. The long-term reliance on antibiotic treatment for avian cholera has led to an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria in poultry. This article compiles data on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of avian P. multocida from 17 regions domestically and internationally over the past two decades. Statistics indicate that avian P. multocida is prevalent across all continents, particularly in areas with common poultry farming and consumption, where the prevalence rate exceeds 43.50%. Domestically, it is highly prevalent in Jiangsu Province (53.73%) and Guangdong Province (48.97%), with rates over 48%. Genomic analysis of avian Pasteurella multocida in the database revealed a total of 31 sequence types (STs), among which ST159 (115/733,15.69%) and ST128 (82/733,11.19%) exhibited host preferences for chickens (n=109) and ducks (n=65), respectively. Both domestic and international studies have found high resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics, especially kanamycin (99/165, 60%), chloramphenicol (124/230,53.91%), and tetracycline (258/556,46.40%). Genome analysis has detected 29 resistance genes covering eight classes of antibiotics, with sul2 (13.64%) and tet(B) (10.64%) being the most prevalent. In conclusion, there are differences in the prevalence of avian P. multocida between domestic and international regions, and resistance rates to multiple antibiotics are high. Prevention and control measures such as vaccines and bacteriophages can be implemented based on local prevalence characteristics, and the use of antibiotics with high resistance should be reduced to achieve effective treatment and establish green, sustainable farming practices.

Key words: avian Pasteurella multocida, antimicrobial resistance, genomic analysis

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