禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行趋势及耐药性研究进展

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.013

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (12): 6080-6093.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.12.013

禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行趋势及耐药性研究进展

缪丰诚¹^,²(), 龙晓倩², 李志宇², 沈瑶², 吕凯凯⁵, 简华锋², 李军星⁴, 李双茂⁴, 杨华²^,³, 马剑钢²^,*(), 代兵¹^,*()

1. 浙江农林大学动物科技学院动物医学院, 杭州 311300
2. 湘湖实验室(农业浙江省实验室)生物技术研究院, 杭州 311231
3. 浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所, 杭州 310021
4. 浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 杭州 310021
5. 浙江国正检测技术有限公司, 杭州 310001

收稿日期:2025-03-28 出版日期:2025-12-23 发布日期:2025-12-24
通讯作者: 马剑钢,代兵 E-mail:13777368638@163.com;vetmajg@163.com;daibing2008@126.com
作者简介:缪丰诚(1999-)，男，浙江杭州人，硕士生，主要从事畜产品质量安全研究, E-mail: 13777368638@163.com
基金资助:
浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”项目(2024SSYS0101)；浙江省三农九方科技协作计划(2023SNJF062)；杭州市重点科研计划项目(2023SZD0058)；国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-42-27)

Research Progress on the Epidemic Trend and Antimicrobial Resistance of Avian Pasteurella multocida

MIAO Fengcheng¹^,²(), LONG Xiaoqian², LI Zhiyu², SHEN Yao², LÜ Kaikai⁵, JIAN Huafeng², LI Junxing⁴, LI Shuangmao⁴, YANG Hua²^,³, MA Jiangang²^,*(), DAI Bing¹^,*()

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
2. Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
3. Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
4. Institute of Animal Sciences of CAAS, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
5. Zhejiang GOJUE Test Tchnologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou 310001, China

Received:2025-03-28 Online:2025-12-23 Published:2025-12-24
Contact: MA Jiangang, DAI Bing E-mail:13777368638@163.com;vetmajg@163.com;daibing2008@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌是一种广泛分布的革兰阴性短杆菌，能够引起禽霍乱，给全球家禽养殖业带来巨大经济损失。目前禽霍乱防控长期依赖抗生素治疗，导致家禽中对抗生素耐药的细菌不断增加。本文统计了近二十年国内外17个地区的禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行情况和耐药性。统计结果表明，禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌广泛分布于全球各大洲，尤其在禽类养殖和消费较为普遍的地区，流行率大于43.50%。国内禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌在江苏省(53.73%)和广东省(48.97%)的流行率较高，流行率大于48%。对数据库中禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌基因组分析显示，共检测到31个ST型，其中ST159(115/733，15.69%)和ST128(82/733，11.19%)分别对鸡和鸭具有宿主偏好性。耐药性方面，国内外均发现对多种常用抗生素耐药的菌株，对卡那霉素(99/165，60%)、氯霉素(124/230，53.91%)和四环素(258/556，46.40%)等抗生素耐药率较高。对数据库中基因组进行分析，共检测到29种耐药基因，涵盖了八大类抗生素，其中sul2(13.64%)和tet(B)(10.64%)携带率最高。综上所述，禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌国内外流行率存在差异且对多种常用抗生素耐药率较高。可根据地区流行特点针对性使用疫苗、噬菌体等防治手段，减少耐药率高的抗生素使用，以实现高效的治疗效果，建立绿色、可持续的养殖模式。

关键词: 禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌, 耐药性, 基因组分析

Abstract:

Avian pathogenic Pasteurella multocida, a widespread Gram-negative short bacillus, causes avian cholera and leads to significant economic losses on the global poultry industry. The long-term reliance on antibiotic treatment for avian cholera has led to an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria in poultry. This article compiles data on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of avian P. multocida from 17 regions domestically and internationally over the past two decades. Statistics indicate that avian P. multocida is prevalent across all continents, particularly in areas with common poultry farming and consumption, where the prevalence rate exceeds 43.50%. Domestically, it is highly prevalent in Jiangsu Province (53.73%) and Guangdong Province (48.97%), with rates over 48%. Genomic analysis of avian Pasteurella multocida in the database revealed a total of 31 sequence types (STs), among which ST159 (115/733, 15.69%) and ST128 (82/733, 11.19%) exhibited host preferences for chickens (n=109) and ducks (n=65), respectively. Both domestic and international studies have found high resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics, especially kanamycin (99/165, 60%), chloramphenicol (124/230, 53.91%), and tetracycline (258/556, 46.40%). Genome analysis has detected 29 resistance genes covering eight classes of antibiotics, with sul2 (13.64%) and tet(B) (10.64%) being the most prevalent. In conclusion, there are differences in the prevalence of avian P. multocida between domestic and international regions, and resistance rates to multiple antibiotics are high. Prevention and control measures such as vaccines and bacteriophages can be implemented based on local prevalence characteristics, and the use of antibiotics with high resistance should be reduced to achieve effective treatment and establish green, sustainable farming practices.

Key words: avian Pasteurella multocida, antimicrobial resistance, genomic analysis

中图分类号:

S852.61

缪丰诚, 龙晓倩, 李志宇, 沈瑶, 吕凯凯, 简华锋, 李军星, 李双茂, 杨华, 马剑钢, 代兵. 禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行趋势及耐药性研究进展[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(12): 6080-6093.

MIAO Fengcheng, LONG Xiaoqian, LI Zhiyu, SHEN Yao, LÜ Kaikai, JIAN Huafeng, LI Junxing, LI Shuangmao, YANG Hua, MA Jiangang, DAI Bing. Research Progress on the Epidemic Trend and Antimicrobial Resistance of Avian Pasteurella multocida[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(12): 6080-6093.

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省份 Province	宿主Host						总流行率 Overall prevalence
省份 Province	鸡Chicken	鸭Duck	鹅Goose	鹦鹉Parrot	火鸡Turkey	鸽Pigeon	总流行率 Overall prevalence
江苏^{[10, 15, 23-24, 26]} Jiangsu	52.08(25/48)	50(6/12)	66.67(4/6)	100(1/1)	/	/	53.73(36/67)
广东^{[17, 19, 21]} Guangdong	100(6/6)	85.71(18/21)	46.34(190/410)	/	/	/	48.97(214/437)
安徽^{[12-14, 18, 20]} Anhui	27.27(3/11)	21.43(3/14)	/	/	/	/	24(6/25)
浙江^[49] Zhejiang	/	/	33.33(1/3)	/	/	/	33.33(1/3)
湖南^[48] Hunan	16.67(1/6)	/	/	/	/	/	16.67(1/6)
福建^[16] Fujian	/	100(3/3)	/	/	/	/	100(3/3)
吉林^{[28, 31]} Jilin	/	/	33.33(1/3)	/	20(1/5)	/	25(2/8)
贵州^[46] Guizhou	/	10(1/10)	/	/	/	/	10(1/10)
青海^[25] Qinghai	/	/	/	100(1/1)	/	/	100(1/1)
湖北^[27] Hubei	/	/	/	/	/	0.53(1/189)	0.53(1/189)
合计Total	49.29(35/71)	51.67(31/60)	46.45(196/422)	100(2/2)	20(1/5)	0.53(1/189)	35.51(266/749)

国家 Country	宿主Host						总流行率 Overall prevalence
国家 Country	鸡 Chicken	鸭 Duck	鹅 Goose	火鸡 Turkey	鹌鹑 Quail	未明确分类 Unspecified	总流行率 Overall prevalence
澳大利亚^{[8, 51, 52, 56]} Australia^{[8, 51, 52, 56]}	96.20(152/158)	37.5(3/8)	50(1/2)	100(96/96)	/	0(0/60)	77.78(252/324)
埃及^[62-64] Egypt^[62-64]	10.63(37/348)	9.78(22/225)	/	10.53(4/38)	13.89(5/36)		10.51(68/647)
肯尼亚^[65] Kenya^[65]	6.17(10/162)	25.93(14/54)	/	/	/		11.11(24/216)
坦桑尼亚^[66] Tanzania^[66]	1.52(5/330)	7.24(11/152)	/	/	/		3.32(16/482)
莫桑比克^[67] Mozambique^[67]	71.5(284/398)	/	/	/	/		71.5(284/398)
匈牙利^[54-55] Hungary^[54-55]	/	100(3/3)	100(66/66)	/	/		100(69/69)
波兰^[58] Poland^[58]	100(1/1)	100(2/2)	100(28/28)	100(12/12)	/		100(43/43)
伊朗^[53] Iran^[53]						100(15/15)	100(15/15)
印度^{[50, 60]} India^{[50, 60]}	100(106/106)	100(23/23)	100(1/1)	100(2/2)	100(4/4)		100(136/136)
越南^[56] Vietnam^[56]	100(22/22)	/	/	/	/		100(22/22)
孟加拉国^[57] Bangladesh^[57]	38.6(22/57)	/	/	/	/		38.6(22/57)
美国^[61] United States^[61]	62.84(208/331)	/	/	/	/		62.84(208/331)
巴西^[68] Brazil^[68]	100(56/56)	/	/	/	/		100(56/56)
合计Total	45.86 (903/1 969)	16.70 (78/467)	98.97 (96/97)	77.03 (114/148)	22.5 (9/40)	20 (15/75)	43.45 (1 215/2 796)

国内Domestic			国外Overseas
省份 Province	菌株数量 Strain No.	宿主来源 Host	国家 Country	菌株数量 Strain No.	宿主来源 Host
安徽^[74] Anhui	32	鸡、鸭、鹅	埃及^{[62, 63, 80]} Egypt	106	鸡、鸭、火鸡、鹌鹑
福建^[77] Fujian	3	鸭	巴西^{[68, 78]} Brazil	158	鸡、火鸡、鹌鹑
广东^{[17, 21, 70]} Guangdong	148	鸡、鸭、鹅	印度^{[79, 80]} India	132	鸡、鸭、鹅、火鸡、鹌鹑
江苏^[24] Jiangsu	13	鸡	美国^[59] United states	207	鸡
江西^[71] Jiangxi	14	鸡、鸭、鹅	孟加拉国^[57] Bangladesh	22	鸡
江苏、安徽^[72] Jiangsu, Anhui	4	鸡	匈牙利^[55] Hungary	27	鸭、鹅
福建、广东、江西^[76] Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi	89	鸭
广东、福建、江苏、浙江和湖北^[69] Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei	18	鸭
浙江、福建、广东、江苏、四川、重庆、湖南和贵州^[73] Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hunan and Anhui	17	鸭、鸡
福建、广东、江西、海南、浙江、广西和安徽^[75] Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Hainan, Zhejiang, Guangxi and Anhui	113	鸡、鸭、鹅
合计Total	451		合计Total	652

抗生素种类 Types of antibiotics	耐药基因 Antibiotic resistance genes	耐药基因比率/% Resistance gene ratio
磺胺类Sulfonamides	sul2	13.64
磺胺类Sulfonamides	sul3	0.95
四环素类Tetracycline	tet(A)	0.95
	tet(B)	10.64
	tet(H)	0.68
	tet(Y)	0.27
β-内酰胺类β-lactams	bla_VEB-1	0.41
	bla_OXA-1	1.36
	bla_TEM-1B	0.95
	bla_ROB-1	0.68
	bla_OXA-10	0.14
氨基糖苷类Aminoglycosides	aph(3′)-Ia	4.50
	aph(3″)-Ib	7.64
	aph(6)-Id	5.46
	ant(2″)-Ia	0.41
	aadA17	0.55
	aac(6′)-aph(2″)	0.14
	aac(6′)-IIa	0.27
大环内酯类Macrolides	mef(B)	0.95
大环内酯类Macrolides	erm(T)	0.55
酰胺类Amides	catP	2.05
	catA3	3.00
	floR	4.09
甲氧苄胺嘧啶类Trimethoprim	dfrA32	0.68
	dfrA17	1.77
	dfrA27	0.14
	dfrA1	0.14
	dfrA20	0.27
利福平类Rifampicin	arr-3	0.41

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禽源多杀性巴氏杆菌流行趋势及耐药性研究进展

Research Progress on the Epidemic Trend and Antimicrobial Resistance of Avian Pasteurella multocida

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