肉用型伊犁马的血液转录组比较分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.07.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在通过对伊犁马不同肉用性能血液转录组进行研究，筛选并分析差异表达基因，为后续伊犁马肉用性能相关研究提供分子基础。本研究从112匹肉用型伊犁马核心群中选取4~5岁健康状况良好的伊犁马母马12匹，依据背膘厚4.4 mm，眼肌面积31.5 cm²以上为肉用性能较好组马匹(HW组)，平均体重为528.67 kg；背膘厚度2.2 mm，眼肌面积19.5 cm²以下为普通组马匹(LW组)，平均体重为327.00 kg，每组各6匹，采集血样进行转录组测序。生物信息学分析结果表明，筛选出差异表达基因共370个(P＜0.05)，其中上调基因158个，下调基因212个。GO功能富集分析显示，伊犁马肉用性能可能与G-蛋白偶联受体信号通路过程、细胞外区域、跨膜信号受体活性等条目有关。KEGG通路分析显示，伊犁马肉用性能可能与蛋白质的消化和吸收、甲状腺激素合成、皮质醇的合成和分泌等通路有关。CTSH、SSTR1、APOA1和ITM2A等是影响伊犁马肉用性能的候选基因，研究结果为肉用型伊犁马生长发育的分子调控机制提供参考。

关键词: 伊犁马, 肉用性能, 血液, 转录组, 信号通路

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to screen and analyze the differentially expressed genes by studying the blood transcriptome of different meat performance of Yili horses, so as to provide molecular basis for subsequent research on meat performance of Yili horses. The 12 healthy Yili mares aged 4-5 were selected from the core group of 112 meat type Yili horses. The horses with the backfat thickness higher than 4.4 mm and eye muscle area higher than 31.5 cm² were from the (HW group) with better meat performance, with an average weight of 528.67 kg; The horses with the backfat thickness lower than 2.2 mm, eye muscle area lower than 19.5 cm² were from the common group (LW group) with an average weight of 327.00 kg, with 6 horses in each group. Blood samples were collected for transcriptome sequencing. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that a total of 370 differentially expressed genes were screened (P<0.05), including 158 upregulated genes and 212 downregulated genes. GO functional enrichment analysis showed that the meat performance of Yili horses might be related to the G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway process, extracellular regions, and transmembrane signal receptor activity. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the meat performance of Yili horses might be related to pathways such as protein digestion and absorption, thyroid hormone synthesis, and cortisol synthesis and secretion. CTSH, SSTR1, APOA1, and ITM2A could be candidate genes for meat performance of Yili horse breeds, and the research results are intended to provide reference for a better understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of growth and development of meat-producing Yili horses.

Key words: Yili horses, meat performance, blood, transcriptome, signal pathway

中图分类号:

S821.2

李婉卿, 曾亚琦, 姚新奎, 王建文, 袁鑫鑫, 孟晨, 孙远方, 彭宣, 孟军. 肉用型伊犁马的血液转录组比较分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(7): 2951-2962.

Wanqing LI, Yaqi ZENG, Xinkui YAO, Jianwen WANG, Xinxin YUAN, Chen MENG, Yuanfang SUN, Xuan PENG, Jun MENG. Comparative Analysis of Blood Transcriptome in Yili Horses Bred for Meat Performance[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(7): 2951-2962.

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基因Gene	引物序列(5′→3′) Primer sequence	片段长度/bp Amplicon length	退火温度/℃ The annealing temperature
CTSH	S: GAACCCTACTTTCTGCCTGTGAC	296	60
	A: TCCACAGCAACCAGGTCTTCA
SSTR1	S: TGCCTGTGCTACGTGCTCATC	179	60
	A: TGCTCTGCGAACACGTTGAC
APOA1	S: AGGCCAGCGAGCATCTGAA	148	60
	A: CACTGGGGAGTCAGCTGCTT
ITM2A	S: ATCATTGATGTGCCTGTCCCTAG	244	60
	A: GAATCTCCTCCACAGCAACCAG
ENPP1	S: CATCAGAGCTTTGCAGAGGGTG	205	60
	A: CAGTCGAGCTGCTGGTCCATAT
ADCY5	S: GTGTTTCCTGCTGCTGACCTT	241	60
	A: CTGGCTGGCACTGATGTTGT
GAPDH	S: ATGGTGAAGGTCGGAGTAAACG	154	60
	A: CATGGGTGGAATCATACTGAAACA

样品名称 Sample name	有效数据 Clean reads	总碱基数/bp Clean bases	Q20/%	Q30/%	GC含量/% GC content
HW_1	43 047 628	6.46G	97.76	93.86	53.26
HW_2	42 895 758	6.43G	98.05	94.54	55.99
HW_3	42 721 614	6.41G	97.36	92.74	55.84
HW_4	41 509 194	6.23G	98.04	94.5	55.07
HW_5	49 324 110	7.40G	98.03	94.48	53.94
HW_6	44 421 312	6.66G	97.94	94.23	54.15
LW_1	42 901 198	6.44G	97.79	93.84	55.44
LW_2	42 992 694	6.45G	98.01	94.49	54.47
LW_3	38 784 926	5.82G	98.02	94.52	57.08
LW_4	41 383 728	6.21G	97.93	94.45	53.49
LW_5	46 199 410	6.93G	97.93	94.27	56.15
LW_6	47 328 778	7.10G	97.96	94.32	55.69

样品名称 Sample name	有效数据 Total reads	有效数据比对占比 Total mapped	未比对 Unsplice mapped	唯一比对 Unique mapped	多处比对 Multi mapped
HW_1	43 047 628	40 667 421(94.47%)	21 706 035(50.42%)	39 266 595(91.22%)	1 400 826(3.25%)
HW_2	42 895 758	40 906 325(95.36%)	21 879 648(51.01%)	39 602 495(92.32%)	1 303 830(3.04%)
HW_3	42 721 614	40 343 393(94.43%)	21 195 116(49.61%)	38 947 985(91.17%)	1 395 408(3.27%)
HW_4	41 509 194	39 685 953(95.61%)	21 551 802(51.92%)	38 402 846(92.52%)	1 283 107(3.09%)
HW_5	49 324 110	46 657 915(94.59%)	23 415 561(47.47%)	44 904 565(91.04%)	1 753 350(3.55%)
HW_6	44 421 312	41 947 291(94.43%)	21 270 572(47.88%)	40 545 723(91.28%)	1 401 568(3.16%)
LW_1	42 901 198	40 815 273(95.14%)	20 699 091(48.25%)	39 346 774(91.71%)	1 468 499(3.42%)
LW_2	42 992 694	40 845 397(95.01%)	21 132 998(49.15%)	39 490 684(91.85%)	1 354 713(3.15%)
LW_3	38 784 926	36 540 202(94.21%)	18 138 227(46.77%)	35 206 863(90.77%)	1 333 339(3.44%)
LW_4	41 383 728	39 309 987(94.99%)	21 288 912(51.44%)	37 975 268(91.76%)	1 334 719(3.23%)
LW_5	46 199 410	43 935 460(95.10%)	23 816 526(51.55%)	42 427 868(91.84%)	1 507 592(3.26%)
LW_6	47 328 778	45 111 705(95.32%)	24 740 501(52.27%)	43 491 387(91.89%)	1 620 318(3.42%)

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