复方羟氯扎胺混悬液对牦牛肝片吸虫和线虫的临床药效试验

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2024.11.041

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在通过复方羟氯扎胺混悬液对牦牛的驱虫试验，评价药物的临床药效，为临床使用提供参考依据。75头牦牛随机分成5组，每组15头，分别为复方羟氯扎胺混悬液低剂量(0.125 mL·kg^-1)、中剂量(0.250 mL·kg^-1)、高剂量(0.500 mL·kg^-1)、对照药(0.250 mL·kg^-1)和空白对照组。试验周期28 d，采集第1天和给药后第7、14、21、28天粪便，测定肝片吸虫和消化道线虫在每克粪便中的虫卵数(eggs per gram, EPG)，计算精计驱虫率和虫卵转阴率，并测定给药前和第28天血常规、血生化指标。结果显示：复方羟氯扎胺混悬液低、中、高剂量对牦牛肝片吸虫的精计驱虫率分别为97.5%、100.0%、100.0%，虫卵转阴率分别为80%、100%、100%。对照药对牦牛肝片吸虫的精计驱虫率是99.4%，虫卵转阴率是93.3%。复方羟氯扎胺混悬液低、中、高剂量对牦牛消化道线虫的精计驱虫率是99.2%、100.0%、100.0%，虫卵转阴率分别为80%、100%、100%，对照药对牦牛消化道线虫的精计驱虫率是99.9%，虫卵转阴率是93.3%。本试验结果表明，复方羟氯扎胺混悬液对牦牛肝片吸虫和消化道线虫均有显著的驱杀作用，其中高、中剂量组的临床效果无显著差异，因此临床应用推荐剂量为中剂量组0.250 mL·kg^-1。

关键词: 复方羟氯扎胺混悬液, 牦牛, 肝片吸虫, 消化道线虫, 药效学

Abstract:

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of the compound oxyclozanide suspension through the deworming testing, and to provide reference basis for its clinical use. Seventy-five Qinghai Huanhu yaks were divided into 5 groups randomly, with 15 yaks in each group, which were compound oxyclozanide suspension low dose (0.125 mL·kg^-1), medium dose (0.250 mL·kg^-1), high dose (0.500 mL·kg^-1), control group (0.250 mL·kg^-1) and blank control group. The test cycle was 28 days. The feces were collected on the first day and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after administration, and the egg counts (eggs per gram, EPG) of Fasciola hepatica and digestive tract nematodes is measured, and the precision of deworming and the rate of egg conversion were calculated. The blood routine, blood biochemical indicators value were measured before and on day 28 of the administration. The precision deworming rates of low, medium, and high doses of compound oxyclozanide suspension against yak Fasciola hepatica were 97.5%, 100.0%, and 100.0% respectively, and the egg negative conversion rates were 80%, 100% and 100% respectively. The recision deworming rate of the imported medicine against yak Fasciola hepatica was 99.4%, and the egg negative conversion rate was 93.3%. The precision deworming rate of low, medium and high doses of compound oxyclozanide suspension against yak digestive tract nematodes was 99.2%, 100.0% and 100.0%, and the egg transfer rate was 80%, 100% and 100%, respectively, while the precision deworming rate of control imported drug against yak digestive tract nematodes was 99.9%, and the egg transfer rate was 93.3%.The results of this yak test showed that the compound oxyclozanide suspension had a significant treatment effect on the Fasciola hepatica insects and digestive tract nematodes. There is no significant difference in the clinical effects between the high and medium dose groups. Therefore, the recommended dose for clinical application was 0.250 mL·kg^-1 in the medium dose group.

Key words: compound oxyclozanide suspension, yak, Fasciola hepatica, digestive tract nematodes, pharmacodynamics

中图分类号:

S859.795

王娟, 姚学强, 陆林林, 李江, 周凯仁, 翟斌涛, 周绪正, 张继瑜. 复方羟氯扎胺混悬液对牦牛肝片吸虫和线虫的临床药效试验[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2024, 55(11): 5259-5266.

Juan WANG, Xueqiang YAO, Linlin LU, Jiang LI, Kairen ZHOU, Bintao ZHAI, Xuzheng ZHOU, Jiyu ZHANG. Clinical Efficacy Test of Compound Oxyclozanide Suspension on Fasciola hepatica and Nematodes of Yak[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2024, 55(11): 5259-5266.

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组别 Group	时间 Time	指标Index
组别 Group	时间 Time	WBC	EOS	RBC	HGB	HCT	MCV	MCH	MCHc	RDW	MPV
1	Day 0	7.32±2.61	0.57±0.80	6.23±0.74	9.24±1.08	30.43±3.39	48.87±3.18	14.84±1.11	30.38±0.91	20.02±0.98	6.48±0.79
	Day 28	9.26±3.00	1.05±0.98	6.39±1.15	9.45±1.66	30.89±4.85	48.8±4.02	14.85±1.25	30.51±0.88	20.83±1.53	6.44±0.49
2	Day 0	8.10±1.96	0.49±0.68	6.89±1.80	9.22±1.36	28.08±3.88	42.93±8.22	13.33±2.58	31.71±1.81	21.76±2.48	6.13±0.53
	Day 28	8.26±3.28	0.19±0.08	5.85±0.58	8.92±1.35	28.58±3.88	48.6±2.61	15.09±0.70	31.13±1.03	19.94±1.07	6.14±0.53
3	Day 0	6.97±2.28	0.25±0.12	5.85±0.58	8.73±0.83	28.22±2.05	48.4±3.04	14.99±1.44	30.93±1.98	19.76±0.95	9.53±11.77
	Day 28	7.26±1.73	0.22±0.10	9.35±1.29	9.35±1.29	30.89±4.41	47.27±2.84	14.35±1.04	30.35±1.63	19.82±0.77	6.78±0.38
4	Day 0	7.20±1.75	0.36±0.41	6.06±1.03	9.10±1.48	29.87±4.53	49.53±4.45	15.09±1.07	30.49±1.14	31.29±44.74	6.56±0.66
	Day 28	8.01±3.47	0.41±0.47	6.11±1.15	8.64±1.41	27.98±3.93	46.80±7.27	14.41±2.16	30.88±1.30	21.29±4.34	6.25±0.85
5	Day 0	6.62±1.42	0.24±0.11	6.20±0.98	9.17±1.19	29.57±4.12	47.80±3.34	14.92±1.68	31.13±2.37	19.82±0.87	6.70±0.67
	Day 28	6.82±1.58	0.23±0.10	6.85±1.20	9.64±1.39	32.14±5.09	46.86±3.21	14.13±1.21	30.17±2.08	20.01±0.67	6.52±0.32

组别 Group	时间 Time	指标Index
组别 Group	时间 Time	TP	ALB	ALT	AST	ALP	GGT	LDH
1	Day 0	66.58±5.44	20.41±2.33	36.50±7.34	79.20±14.50	105.20±27.70	12.40±5.73	790.00±137.67
	Day 28	66.65±6.01	20.75±2.34	34.60±6.39	80.27±12.93	152.87±82.76	18.31±16.13	857.27±205.79
2	Day 0	62.33±8.30	20.80±2.74	32.38±6.21	81.13±15.07	147.20±61.50	18.84±17.04	865.67±204.25
	Day 28	67.42±7.26	22.19±1.86	29.69±6.37	82.86±19.05	182.29±79.70	19.71±9.97	859.57±179.15
3	Day 0	69.72±3.27	22.23±2.14	33.46±8.30	81.27±17.407	132.47±49.98	17.09±17.02	872.33±228.37
	Day 28	68.37±7.46	22.37±2.27	30.72±7.23	76.07±11.72	111.53±36.01	13.57±9.68	828.67±231.38
4	Day 0	66.37±7.61	21.19±2.89	31.64±4.12	75.20±11.14	202.60±112.93	20.27±12.20	807.27±118.85
	Day 28	67.94±10.32	24.06±1.96	25.47±15.11	96.27±16.99	287.80±131.46	36.55±22.17	587.67±219.37
5	Day 0	68.86±5.82	24.00±1.60	36.84±9.43	84.27±12.81	237.00±71.47	18.53±4.16	766.33±116.84
	Day 28	72.89±4.42	24.09±2.70	37.02±6.49	86.93±14.43	175.13±85.07	22.03±3.02	824.07±129.43

组别Group	Day 0	Day 7	Day 14	Day 21	Day 28
1	130.8±40.9^a	7.5±14.0^Bb	3.3±7.4^Bb	9.16±23.8^Bb	36.7±33.2^Bb
2	145.8±29.8^a	0±0^Bb	0±0^Bb	1.6±4.3^Bb	3.3±5.7^Bb
3	145.8±33.6^a	0±0^Bb	0±0^Bb	0.8±3.2^Bb	3.3±7.4^Bb
4	147.5±30.7^a	4.2±9.0^Bb	0.8±3.2^Bb	3.3±5.7^Bb	5.8±7.9^Bb
5	140.0±36.0^a	152.5±35.1^Aa	170±32.3^Aa	145.8±33.9^Aa	141.7±38.9^Aa

给药后时间 Time	组别Group
给药后时间 Time	1	2	3	4	5
Day 7	94.3	100.0	100.0	97.1	0.0
Day 14	97.5	100.0	100.0	99.4	0.0
Day 21	92.9	98.8	99.4	97.7	0.0
Day 28	71.9	97.7	97.7	96.0	0.0

给药后时间 Time	组别Group
给药后时间 Time	1	2	3	4	5
Day 7	73.3	100.0	100.0	80.0	0.0
Day 14	80.0	100.0	100.0	93.3	0.0
Day 21	80.0	86.6	93.3	73.3	0.0
Day 28	53.3	73.3	80.0	60.0	0.0