Abstract: PrimerIntroduced Restriction AnalysisPolymerase Chain Reaction （PIRAPCR） and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism（RFLP）were developed to identify the F279Y mutation within the exon8 of GHR gene. Further, the association between F279Y and five milk production traits were investigated in a population of 1 145 Chinese Holstein cows. Statistical results indicated that 305-day milk yield and protein percentage（P<0.01）and fat percentage（P<0.05）was significantly associated with the F279Y mutation of GHR, respectively. The results of Bonferroni ttest showed that the difference between genotypes TT and AT were significant for 305day milk yield and fat percentage（P< 0.05）. Also, the difference between genotypes TT and AT was significant（P<0.01）for protein percentage and the difference of protein percentage between genotypes TT and AA was significant（P<0.05）. The additive effect of A allele for protein percentage was -0.025 8%（P< 0.01） and dominance effects were -214.005 （P<0.01）and -5.515 kg（P<0.05）for 305day milk yield and protein yield. The substitution effects for fat percentage and protein percentage were -0.047 5% （P<0.05） and -0.029% （P<0.01）, respectively. Therefore, allele T is the dominant allele for milk composition, while allele A is the dominant allele for milk yield. Our findings in the present study implied that F279Y mutation of GHR gene could be of considerable in marker-assisted selection programs of milk production traits in Chinese Holstein cows.