畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (1): 337-348.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.029

• 预防兽医 • 上一篇    下一篇

禽痘病毒微滴数字PCR检测方法的建立及应用

张熠帆1(), 韩笑2,3, 张叶娜2, 孔朋莉2, 宋厚辉1, 张晓峰2, 王晓杜1, 帅江冰2()   

  1. 1.浙江农林大学动物科技学院·动物医学院,杭州 311300
    2.浙江省检验检疫科学技术研究院,杭州 310016
    3.浙江大学动物科学学院,杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2026-01-23 发布日期:2026-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 帅江冰 E-mail:1765886314@qq.com;sjb@zaiq.org.cn
  • 作者简介:张熠帆,硕士生,主要从事畜禽病原检测方法研究,E-mail:1765886314@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0602803);浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2023C02022);浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”研发攻关计划(2024C01137)

Establishment and Application of a Droplet Digital PCR Assay for Fowlpox Virus

ZHANG Yifan1(), HAN Xiao2,3, ZHANG Yena2, KONG Pengli2, SONG Houhui1, ZHANG Xiaofeng2, WANG Xiaodu1, SHUAI Jiangbing2()   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology·College of Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,China
    2.Zhejiang Academy of Science and Technology for Inspection and Quarantine,Hangzhou 310016,China
    3.College of Animal Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China
  • Received:2025-04-09 Online:2026-01-23 Published:2026-01-26
  • Contact: SHUAI Jiangbing E-mail:1765886314@qq.com;sjb@zaiq.org.cn

摘要:

旨在建立一种禽痘病毒(fowlpox virus,FWPV)微滴式数字聚合酶链式反应(digital droplet PCR,ddPCR)检测方法。本研究通过对反应体系优化,包括引物和探针浓度的优化、退火温度的优化等步骤,进行重复性、敏感性、特异性试验,建立了较为完整的ddPCR反应体系。本方法确定FWPV ddPCR反应体系最佳引物浓度为900 nmol·L-1,最佳探针浓度为200 nmol·L-1,且在55 ℃反应条件下,ddPCR检测结果最优;本方法与其他常见禽类病毒无交叉反应,特异性强;本方法重复性好,批间与批内变异系数均小于10%。本ddPCR方法最低检测限为2.37拷贝·反应-1。采用建立的ddPCR检测方法和行业标准(SN/T 1226—2015)检测方法对80份模拟样本进行检测,其中8份作为阴性,其余72份样品作为模拟感染样品,符合率为100%,比行业标准套式PCR方法符合率高出75%。在25份人工攻毒样本中,ddPCR对阳性样本的检出率达100%,行业标准套式PCR方法对阳性样本的检出率为33.3%。本方法的建立为检测禽及其肉制品中禽痘病毒提供了痕量精准检测方法,为降低禽痘对禽类养殖产业风险带来保障。

关键词: 禽痘病毒, 微滴数字PCR, 定量检测

Abstract:

A microdroplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) method for the detection of fowlpox virus (FWPV) was established. In this study, a more complete ddPCR reaction system was established through the optimization of the reaction system, including the optimization of primer and probe concentrations, the optimization of annealing temperature and other steps, and reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity experiments. In this method, the optimal primer concentration was determined to be 900 nmol·L-1, the optimal probe concentration was 200 nmol·L-1, and the results of ddPCR were optimized under the reaction condition of 55 ℃. The method showed no cross-reactivity with other common avian viruses and is highly specific. The reproducibility of the method is good, and the coefficients of variation between and within batches are less than 10%. The lowest detection limit of this ddPCR method was 2.37 copies per reaction. Using the established ddPCR detection method and the industry standard (SN/T 1226—2015) detection method for 80 samples, the coincidence rate was 100%, which was higher than the coincidence rate of 75% of the industry standard nested PCR method. In 25 artificially inoculated samples, the detection rate of ddPCR for positive samples reached 100%, while the detection rate of the nested PCR method specified in the industry standard for positive samples was 33.3%. The establishment of this method helps the relevant inspection and quarantine departments at ports to detect the FWPV in a timely manner and reduces the risk of the domestic poultry breeding industry by providing a more accurate and efficient detection method.

Key words: fowlpox virus, droplet digital PCR, quantitation assay

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