仿生消化技术评定猪禽饲料营养价值体系的构建及应用

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.01.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

饲料成本占养殖成本的60%~70%。低蛋白低豆粕多元化日粮配制技术是降低饲料成本、缓解玉米和豆粕等饲料粮供给压力的关键。精确的饲料营养价值数据是分析饲料原料的替代价值以及实现低蛋白低豆粕配制多元化日粮的基石。创制精准、快速的饲料营养价值评定技术，构建饲料原料动态营养价值数据库，是生产中获得精准饲料营养价值数据的关键手段。为此，本文从饲料原料营养价值数据库建设的基本原理、仿生消化评定饲料原料营养价值技术体系发展、仿生消化技术在饲料原料数据库建设和饲料原料间替代价值分析的应用三个方面，系统论述了仿生消化技术在饲料原料营养价值评定的重要价值和广阔前景。

关键词: 仿生消化, 饲料原料, 营养价值, 多元化日粮

Abstract:

Feed accounts for 60% to 70% of costs in pig and poultry production. The technology of diversified diets with low protein and low soybean meal is critical to reduce feed costs and relieve the pressure on the supply of feed grains such as corn and soybean meal. Accurate nutritional values are the keystone to determine the substitutability of various feed ingredients and to formulate diversified diets with low protein and low soybean meal. To obtain accurate nutritional values for feedstuffs in practice， it is critical to establish dynamic nutritional value database for feed ingredients by developing precise and rapid evaluation technologies. Thereby， this article systemically discusses the importance and broad application of simulated digestion technique in nutritional evaluation for feedstuffs from three aspects： the principles of establishing nutritional values database for feed ingredients， the progress in simulated digestion technique for feedstuff evaluation， and the application of simulated digestion technique in feedstuff database establishment and substitutability determination.

Key words: simulated digestion, feed ingredient, nutritional value, diversified diet

中图分类号:

S816.15

解竞静, 王钰明, 赵峰. 仿生消化技术评定猪禽饲料营养价值体系的构建及应用[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2026, 57(1): 68-79.

XIE Jingjing, WANG Yuming, ZHAO Feng. Establishment and Application of Simulated Digestion Technique to Evaluate the Nutritional Values of Feedstuffs for Pig and Poultry[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2026, 57(1): 68-79.

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饲料原料 Feed ingredient	指标/% Index	生长猪净能/（MJ·kg^-1） Net energy for growing pig
饲料原料 Feed ingredient	指标/% Index	荷兰⁵ Netherland	美国⁶ USA	巴西⁷ Brazil	中国⁸ China	荷兰⁵ Netherland	美国⁹ USA	巴西⁷ Brazil	中国¹⁰ China
玉米 Corn	CP²， 7.5~8.5	11.06	11.18	11.16	11.58	12.91	14.02	14.07	13.47
豆粕 Soybean meal	CP， 43.6~44.5	8.18	8.99	8.29	9.64	8.32	9.33	9.26	10.00
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	CP， 39.2~44.7	5.97	6.79	6.67	6.44	7.03	7.77	8.37	8.49
菜籽粕 Canola meal	CP， 36.2~38.6	6.75	7.91	7.15	7.57	6.66	8.37	7.29	7.41
葵花籽粕 Sunflower seed meal	CF³， 20.4~25.8；CP，29.0~33.0	5.35	3.92	4.16	6.69	5.32	6.46	7.51	6.65
花生粕 Peanut meal	CF， 6.2~10.0；CP，45.0~50.7	8.56	8.05	8.25	9.37	8.59	9.20	9.32	10.88
玉米干酒糟及可溶物Corn DDGS	EE⁴， 6~12.5%	9.23	9.80	8.24	9.34	-	10.38	10.08	9.20

饲料名称 Feed Name	干物质 Dry matter	粗蛋白质 Crude protein	粗脂肪 EE	粗纤维 Crudefiber	粗灰分 Ash	中性洗涤纤维 Neutraldetergentfiber	酸性洗涤纤维 Aciddetergentfiber	总能/（MJ·kg^-1） Grossenergy	猪净能/（MJ·kg^-1） Net energy of pig		鸡代谢能/（MJ·kg^-1） AME¹ of rooster		鸭真代谢能/（MJ·kg^-1） TME² of duck
饲料名称 Feed Name	干物质 Dry matter	粗蛋白质 Crude protein	粗脂肪 EE	粗纤维 Crudefiber	粗灰分 Ash	中性洗涤纤维 Neutraldetergentfiber	酸性洗涤纤维 Aciddetergentfiber	总能/（MJ·kg^-1） Grossenergy	n	平均值Mean	n	平均值Mean	n	平均值Mean
玉米 Corn	86	7.6	3.5	1.8	1.2	7.6	1.8	16.10	37	10.99	57	12.82	27	13.64
高粱 Sorghum	86	8.7	3.3	1.9	1.3	7.3	2.4	16.27	8	10.34	3	11.76	4	13.76
小麦 Wheat	87	13.6	1.5	2.8	1.6	11.4	2.7	16.06	49	10.44	52	12.60	38	13.68
面粉 Wheat flour	87	15.8	2.2	1.2	1.4	4.9	0.9	16.37	3	11.55	2	13.62	1	14.37
小麦次粉 Wheat shorts	87	17.7		5.2	2.9	18.3	4.8	16.59	8	9.02	4	11.18	1	11.72
小麦麸 Wheat bran	87	16.0	3.9	8.6	5.8	40.2	11.7	16.81	9	6.16	6	8.46	7	10.03
米糠 Rice bran	89	13.0	13.4	12.3	7.5	12.1	4.4	18.80	5	10.49	2	14.36	3	13.18
豆粕 Soybean meal	89	43.8	1.7	5.4	6.0	11.6	7.6	17.53	54	8.57	47	12.03	5	13.24
豆粕 Soybean meal	89	46.6	1.0	3.3	5.8	10.8	6.5	17.57	34	8.56	28	12.42	4	13.02
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	90	41.6	1.0	13.0	6.1	34.3	14.8	17.23	5	6.83	5	10.10	5	10.73
棉籽粕 Cottonseed meal	90	50.4	1.6	9.1	6.8	26.2	10.4	17.71	5	6.94	3	10.85	2	11.39
菜籽粕 Rapeseed meal	88	36.0	2.9	10.8	6.0	27.0	15.8	17.18	9	6.76	9	8.97	13	10.83
花生粕 Peanut meal	88	45.9	1.6	6.2	5.8	24.7	8.3	16.56	6	8.18	3	12.40	4	14.10
葵花籽粕 Sunflower seed meal	88	34.1	1.1	15.9	6.2	30.8	20.1	17.01	6	5.54	2	10.24	1	10.36
玉米干酒糟及可溶物 Corn distiller dried grainswith solubles	90	26.7	10.1	6.0	4.6	25.6	7.5	19.47	5	8.63	57	11.70	33	12.63
豌豆 Pea	89	21.3	1.7	-	2.5	-	5.9	16.35	3	9.88	3	12.07	3	13.46