大麻二酚通过BRD4/AMPK/mTOR信号通路拮抗双酚A诱导的猪肠上皮细胞凋亡和自噬

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2025.04.039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探究大麻二酚(cannabidiol, CBD)通过BRD4/AMPK/mTOR信号通路缓解双酚A(bisphenol A, BPA)导致的猪肠上皮细胞(pig intestinal epithelial cells, IPEC-J2)的凋亡和自噬的作用机制。首先通过CCK-8法测定细胞活力，筛选出BPA对IPEC-J2细胞的半数抑制浓度和CBD对BPA的最适拮抗剂量。用分组比较方法，将试验分为空白对照组、BPA组(150 μmol·L^-1 BPA)、BPA+CBD组(150 μmol·L^-1 BPA+10 μmol·L^-1 CBD)、BPA+CBD+CQ组(150 μmol·L^-1 BPA+10 μmol·L^-1 CBD+20 μmol·L^-1 CQ)和CBD(10 μmol·L^-1 CBD)组。通过AO/EB染色法以及流式细胞术检测IPEC-J2细胞的凋亡率；通过DCFH-DA法检测细胞中ROS水平；通过氧化应激试剂盒检测氧化应激水平；通过免疫荧光技术检测LC3-Ⅱ蛋白表达水平；采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)和蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)来检测细胞凋亡、自噬、肠紧密连接蛋白和BRD4/AMPK/mTOR信号通路相关基因的表达水平。结果表明，经150 μmol·L^-1 BPA处理，IPEC-J2细胞凋亡和自噬水平均升高，经10 μmol·L^-1 CBD处理后，细胞凋亡和自噬水平均降低；CBD可以显著下调由BPA引起的ROS和MDA水平升高(P < 0.05)，上调BPA引起的GSH-Px活性降低(P < 0.05)；CBD可以显著下调由BPA引起的细胞凋亡相关基因(Bax和caspase-3)、细胞自噬相关基因(P62、LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ和ATG5)和BRD4/AMPK/mTOR通路(AMPK)相关基因的表达水平升高(P < 0.05)，上调BPA引起的LAMP1、Bcl-2、BRD4、mTOR、ZO-1和Claudin-1的表达水平降低(P < 0.05)；免疫荧光结果表明，CBD可以显著降低由BPA所诱导的IPEC-J2细胞LC3-Ⅱ的表达与分布(P < 0.05)。综上所述，CBD可以缓解BPA导致的IPEC-J2细胞氧化应激，进而通过BRD4/AMPK/mTOR信号通路拮抗BPA诱导的IPEC-J2细胞凋亡和自噬。

关键词: 双酚A, 大麻二酚, 猪肠上皮细胞, 细胞凋亡, 细胞自噬, BRD4/AMPK/mTOR

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of cannabidiol (CBD) in alleviating the apoptosis and autophagy of pig intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) induced by bisphenol A (BPA) through BRD4/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. In this study, the cell viability was measured by CCK-8 method, and the half inhibitory concentration of BPA on IPEC-J2 cells and the optimal dose of CBD antagonist for BPA were screened. Using the group comparison method, The experiment was divided into blank control group, BPA group (150 μmol·L^-1 BPA), BPA+CBD group (150 μmol·L^-1 BPA+10 μmol·L^-1 CBD), BPA+CBD+CQ group (150 μmol·L^-1 BPA+10 μmol·L^-1 CBD+20 μmol·L^-1 CQ) and CBD group (10 μmol·L^-1 CBD). The apoptosis rate of IPEC-J2 cells was detected by AO/EB staining and flow cytometry. The ROS levels in cells were detected by DCFH-DA method. Oxidative stress was detected by oxidative stress kit. The expression of LC3-Ⅱ protein was detected by immunofluorescence technique. Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of genes related to apoptosis, autophagy, intestinal tight-junction protein and BRD4/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. The results showed that apoptosis and autophagy levels of IPEC-J2 cells were increased after 150 μmol·L^-1 BPA treatment, and decreased after 10 μmol·L^-1 CBD treatment. CBD could significantly down-regulate the increase of ROS and MDA levels caused by BPA (P < 0.05), and up-regulate the decrease of GSH-Px activity (P < 0.05); CBD significantly down-regulated the increase of expression levels of apoptosis related genes (Bax and caspase-3), autophagy related genes (P62, LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and ATG5) and BRD4/AMPK/mTOR path-related genes (AMPK) induced by BPA (P < 0.05). The expression levels of LAMP1, Bcl-2, BRD4, mTOR, ZO-1 and Claudin-1 were increased (P < 0.05); Immunofluorescence results showed that CBD could significantly reduce the expression and distribution of LC3-Ⅱ in IPEC-J2 cells induced by BPA (P < 0.05). In conclusion, CBD could antagonize BPA-induced apoptosis and autophagy of IPEC-J2 cells through BRD4/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.

Key words: bisphenol A, cannabidiol, porcine intestinal epithelial cells, apoptosis, autophagy, BRD4/AMPK/mTOR

中图分类号:

S859.7

侯宛辰, 徐童. 大麻二酚通过BRD4/AMPK/mTOR信号通路拮抗双酚A诱导的猪肠上皮细胞凋亡和自噬[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2025, 56(4): 1919-1933.

HOU Wanchen, XU Tong. Cannabidiol Antagonizes BPA-induced Apoptosis and Autophagy in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells through the BRD4/AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2025, 56(4): 1919-1933.

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引物名称 Primer name	上游引物(5′→3′) Forward primer	下游引物(5′→3′) Reverse primer
Bcl-2	TCTTTGAGTTCGGTGGGGTC	CTCCACAAAGGCATCCCAGC
Bax	GGCCCTTTTGCTTCAGGGTTTC	GTCCACGGCTGCGATCAT
caspase-3	GCTGTAGAACTCTAACTGGCAAACC	CCCACTGTCCGTCTCAATCCC
Nrf2	TAAGGGTGCTCCTTTGCGAG	CGGGCTAAGTTCAGTCGCTT
Keap-1	CCATGAAGCATCGGCGAAGC	CGCTCCAGGTGTCCGTGTC
LC3	TGTCAACATGAGCGAGTTGGT	CTGCTCATAGATGTCCGCGAT
P62	AAGAACGTAGGGGAGAGTGTG	TTGCTAGGGTCGGAAGAGCA
LAMP1	CTCCACAAAGGCATCCCAGC	TCTTGCTGGCTGAAGCTGTT
BRD4	ACAGCAACACAAGCAAGAAGGA	GCTGCCGCTTTTCATCATAACTCA
AMPK	CGACAGCCGAGAAGCAGAAAC	TTTGCCAACCTTCACTTTGCC
mTOR	ACTGTGCGGATCACTTCCTG	GGTTATCCCAACCACGAGCA
β-actin	GACGATATTGCTGCGCTCGTG	TCAGGATGCCTCTCTTGCTCT

抗体 Antibodies	稀释比例 Dilution ratio	公司 Company
Bcl-2	1∶1 000	Wanleibio
Bax	1∶1 000	Wanleibio
caspase-3	1∶1 000	Wanleibio
Nrf2	1∶800	Wanleibio
Keap1	1∶1 000	Wanleibio
LC3	1∶1 000	ABclonal
P62	1∶1 000	ABclonal
ATG5	1∶1 000	Wanleibio
LAMP1	1∶1 000	Wanleibio
BRD4	1∶400	ABclonal
AMPK	1∶1 000	ABclonal
mTOR	1∶1 000	ABclonal
β-actin	1∶1 000	ABclonal

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